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"Judicial assistance"
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Judges, law and war : the judicial development of international humanitarian law
\"International courts and judicial bodies play a formative role in the development of international humanitarian law. Judges, Law and War examines how judicial bodies have influenced the substantive rules and principles of the law of armed conflict, and studies the creation, application and enforcement of this corpus of laws. Specifically, it considers how international courts have authoritatively addressed the meaning and scope of particular rules, the application of humanitarian law treaties and the customary status of specific norms. Key concepts include armed conflicts and protected persons, guiding principles, fundamental guarantees, means and methods of warfare, enforcement and war crimes. Consideration is also given to the contemporary place of judicial bodies in the international law-making process, the challenges presented by judicial creativity and the role of customary international law in the development of humanitarian law\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Cross-Border Litigation in Europe
This substantial and original book examines how the EU Private International Law (‘PIL’) framework is functioning and considers its impact on the administration of justice in cross-border cases within the EU. It grew out of a major project (ie EUPILLAR: European Union Private International Law: Legal Application in Reality) financially supported by the EU Civil Justice Programme. The research was led by the Centre for Private International Law at the University of Aberdeen and involved partners from the Universities of Freiburg, Antwerp, Wroclaw, Leeds, Milan and Madrid (Complutense). The contributors address the specific features of cross-border disputes in the EU by undertaking a comprehensive analysis of the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and national case law on the Brussels I, Rome I and II, Brussels IIa and Maintenance Regulations. Part I discusses the development of the EU PIL framework. Part II contains the national reports from 26 EU Member States. Parts III (civil and commercial) and IV (family law) contain the CJEU case law analysis and several cross-cutting chapters. Part V briefly sets the agenda for an institutional reform which is necessary to improve the effectiveness of the EU PIL regime. This comprehensive research-project book will be of interest to researchers, students, legal practitioners, judges and policy-makers who work, or are interested, in the field of private international law. Volume 20 in the series Studies in Private International Law
eBook
A peaceful revolution : the development of police and judicial cooperation in the European Union
The debate surrounding police and judicial cooperation in the European Union can be criticised for focussing too much on certain forms of cooperation or on specific cases. As a result, a thorough overview of what has been achieved in this area since the Maastricht Treaty?s entry into force in November 1993 is lacking. In contrast to the disjointed and mostly secret cooperation between police and judicial services in Europe prior to 1993, the current regime has established a coherent and transparent collaboration within the EU that can only be described as revolutionary. This book discusses this peaceful revolution in light of the action programmes (the Brussels Programme, the Tampere Programme, the Hague Programme and the Stockholm Programme) which were drafted in concurrence with all major changes to the constitutional relations within the European Union: the Maastricht Treaty, the Amsterdam Treaty, the Nice Treaty, the Rome Treaty and the Lisbon Treaty. This programmatic approach makes it possible to present in a clear manner the imposing array of police and judicial agencies, facilities and networks (Europol, Schengen Information System, Eurojust, European Arrest Warrant, etc.) created through democratic processes with the aim of ensuring the security of the citizens of the European Union. In particular, the problems concerning the control of internal and external borders and with respect to the containment of terrorism demonstrate that this system urgently needs to be reinforced.
Book
Note: Judicial assistance as intended: Reconciling section 1782's present practice with its past
When litigation outside the US needs discovery inside the US, US judges provide assistance to their foreign counterparts. 28 U.S.C. section 1782 was designed to provide the statutory mechanism for this form of judicial assistance. But a recent empirical study has shown that, nowadays, a majority of requests for discovery assistance under 28 U.S.C. section 1782 come from private parties rather than from tribunals. And the proportion of private-party section 1782 requests has been growing in recent years. Drawing on the history of judicial assistance in general and section 1782 in particular, this note argues that there are two problems when US judges assist private parties abroad. One, doing so is inconsistent with the historical understanding of the judicial power vested in the federal judiciary. Two, this assistance is inconsistent with Congress's intent in legislating section 1782. To avoid these problems, this note proposes that US judges adopt the presumptive requirement that the foreign tribunal must consent to the private-party request for judicial assistance.
Journal Article
DEFERRING TO FOREIGN COURTS
Federal judges have too many options for deferring to foreign courts, none of them particularly good. Not only have judges developed at least five different bases for declining to hear transnational cases, but the use of these bases also varies significantly from circuit to circuit. The courts of appeals have split over whether to recognize foreign relations abstention or prudential exhaustion, and they have developed different tests for assessing foreign parallel proceedings. Even with forum non conveniens, where the Supreme Court has provided clearer guidance, circuit practice has diverged. Thus in two recent transnational tort cases stemming from the Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan, a district court in the First Circuit dismissed on a discretionary basis that a district court in the Ninth Circuit had rejected, while the district court in the Ninth Circuit dismissed on a discretionary basis not yet recognized by the First Circuit. This Article uses the Fukushima cases as an opportunity to step back and assess the full range of federal judge-made doctrines for deferring to foreign courts. Its primary aim is to provide a practical roadmap for judges and litigants, one that surveys intercircuit variation, identifies best practices, and suggests doctrinal refinements. It proposes an updated and simplified rubric for forum non conveniens, a consolidated approach to foreign parallel proceedings, and a distinct doctrine for deference to foreign bankruptcies. It also argues for rejecting prudential exhaustion and abstention based on foreign relations concerns, and it encourages judges to analyze questions of judgment recognition and the extraterritorial application of federal statutes without resorting to loose invocations of \"abstention\" or \"international comity.\" Judicial deference to foreign courts is sometimes necessary, but it need not be muddled or haphazard.
Journal Article
Contentieux Européen (2 Volumes)
Le present ouvrage decrit l'architecture juridictionnelle de l'Union europeenne et analyse en profondeur tous les types de recours qui peuvent etre introduits devant les trois juridictions qui composent la Cour de justice de l'Union europeenne (la Cour de justice, le Tribunal et le Tribunal de la fonction publique), sans oublier le role important du juge national dans l'application quotidienne du droit de l'Union europeenne.Si la premiere edition integrait deja les modifications apportees par le Traite de Lisbonne, sa recente entree en vigueur laissait un nombre important de questions en suspens. Cette nouvelle edition permet de repondre a plusieurs d'entre elles (comme l'etendue de la nouvelle possibilite d'agir en annulation pour le particulier sur la base de l'article 263 du traite sur le fonctionnement de l'Union europeenne par exemple). Elle integre egalement les modifications apportees au statut de la Cour de justice et le nouveau reglement de procedure de la Cour entierement refondu en octobre 2012.Comme pour la premiere edition, les auteurs ont par ailleurs adopte une methodologie originale en fondant leur propos et leur analyse sur la jurisprudence produite par les juridictions de la Cour de justice de l'Union europeenne jusqu'au 31 janvier 2014. Ce sont ainsi pres de 1900 decisions de jurisprudence qui sont commentees dans l'ouvrage (soit pres de 600 supplementaires par rapport a la premiere edition). Elles sont inventoriees minutieusement dans un index mis a disposition des praticiens.Les principaux textes de procedure propres aux juridictions europeennes sont quant a eux desormais compiles dans un second volume, permettant ainsi leur utilisation plus aisee par les praticiens.
eBook
L'entraide Penale Internationale En Suisse, En Belgique Et Au Grand-duche De Luxembourg
L'entraide penale internationale constitue, pour les magistrats confrontes a la criminalite moderne et pour les avocats specialises en matiere penale, a la fois un mode d'investigation incontournable dans un nombre croissant d'enquetes et une source de difficultes. Mal maitrisee, elle sera a l'origine de retards souvent prejudiciables dans ces investigations et y laissera subsister des zones d'ombre, pouvant tantot mener a l'echec de la procedure, tantot a sa finalisation dans des conditions imparfaites (absence ou mainlevee de saisies d'avoirs patrimoniaux qui auraient ete susceptibles de permettre l'indemnisation de victimes, defaut de collecte d'elements de preuve, cloture de l'enquete dans un temps incompatible avec l'obligation de juger dans un delai raisonnable...). L'ambition des auteurs est de tenter, a travers leur experience en cette matiere, de mettre en evidence l'existence de cadres juridiques essentiellement internationaux, de nature a faciliter les relations avec les autorites judiciaires dans leurs Etats respectifs, dans le contexte de telles demandes d'entraide internationale. Dans la mesure ou il se veut pratique, ce manuel tendra surtout a rappeler quels instruments sont en vigueur et a exposer leur mise en A uvre, y compris au regard du droit national des parties, dans le cadre de demandes actives et passives d'entraide internationale.
eBook
