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Kewes S„ Karol: China: el otro comunismo, por Juan Felipe Leal y Fernández

EUROCENTRISM: A PROPOSAL FOR A THEORETICAL AXIAL MODEL The article is a proposal of a model for mapping Eurocentrism in the social sciences and humanities. The model consists of two axes, the materialistic axis and the epistemological axis. The aim of the model is 1) to approximate the meaning of Eurocentrism, 2) to help answer the question whether something (statement, theory, concept, etc.) is Eurocentric, and if so, in what sense. The author begins by explaining the relationship between Eurocentrism and ethnocentrism. On selected examples, he presents a model, describing what the materialistic and epistemological axes refer to. Then, in the next two examples, the author shows the practical application of the model, which reveals its ambivalent and relational character. Finally, the author indicates areas requiring further research.

The article presents a comprehensive approach to the conservation of the avant-corps with the winter garden of Karol Poznański’s palace in Lodz, a building of symbolic importance for the city. Based on historical analysis, in situ and laboratory tests and consultations with the “Marciniak & Witasiak Architekci” studio, the condition of the avant-corps before the renovation was determined and the causes of degradation were identified. The analysis of the composition of mortars and polychromes, carried out by Elżbieta Orłowska, M.A., allowed for reconstructing the original appearance. A revalorization strategy combining conservative methods with innovative solutions, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the conservation of objects of high historical and cultural value, is described.

The understanding of Acting Person as the subject of lived experience is pressed on the values of the human actions and actions, on which every model of development the human society is adopted. This is the concern of Wojtylan existential personalism (WEP) on the values of the Otherness of Living, with which the projects the indispensability of the Culture of Peace over the limiting nature of the Culture of War. The paper advances the developmental imports of lived experiences of the Acting Person through the understanding of his or her actions being expressed in truth, for the institution of social order and justice. Through the analysis of Karol Wojtyla's phenomenology of the Acting Person as a being whose action and values defines his or her existence in relation to the interpretation and adoption of his or her lived experiences, the paper recognised that the institutionalization of social order and justice. The concerns for social order and justice through the valuation of human actions posed the issues of asking questions and then questioning answers, as the agent and vendor of both the Culture of Peace and the Culture of War. This paper, adopting the phenomenological method for the analysis of WEP, contemporarily recognised the possibility of the Culture of Peace and the elimination of the Culture of War through ethical and pragmatic adoption of the Otherness of Living. It concludes that, away from the influences of the Culture of War inherent in our modern, economic-driven world of values and ideologies, the values of the Culture of Peace by recognising the indispensability of the Otherness of Living in achieving the courses of Integral Human Development (IHD).

The article deals with the scientific and museological activities of Lviv archaeologists during World War I. The focus is on the fate of archaeologists who were forced to serve in the army (Y. Pasternak, V. Hrebeniak); the state of scientific institutions of Lviv, and the living and working conditions of professors and teaching staff of the University of Lviv, as well as museum workers of the city, were analyzed. In addition, it is about stocking and inventorying the museum collections with archaeological finds, and attempts to restore the activities of museum institutions regardless of conditions (National Museum of Jan III Sobieski, Dzieduszycki Museum). The issue of the loss of human lives is not the least. During these years, Lviv archaeology lost a Polish professor of archaeology Karol Hadaczek and his student, the talented Ukrainian archaeologist Volodymyr Hrebeniak. It was found that the War stopped the development of archaeological science in Lviv and pushed it back for some time. Only in the post-War years, was it possible to restore field research, and publishing activities, replenish museum collections, and educate new personnel.

Karol Szymanowski and Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz were leading figures in Polish modernism. A thorough review of their relationship and an examination of Witkiewicz’s theory of ‘pure form’ and its applicability to music (via Witkiewicz’s literary portraits of Szymanowski, his attempts at composition, and the critical and theoretical extensions of his work by Konstanty Regamey) provides the basis for analysing the form and content of Szymanowski’s Third Piano Sonata and First String Quartet.

PurposeThis paper scrutinizes the relevance of Karol Wojtyla's Laborem Exercens.Design/methodology/approachIn doing so, the endeavor employs participatory method for workers to do the following: identify problems experienced or observed in unionism, determine what/who causes hindrance in achieving the union's aim, describe the future of unionism if the problems are not addressed and draw possible solutions.FindingsEven though the Catholic Church had issued encyclicals that deal with workers' rights and had maintained in its social teachings affirmative arguments for workers, these must be seen yet in the Philippines where unionists are vilified and red-tagged, needing the prophetic role of Church leaders affirming workers' rights. Human work is not only personal but also social, political and economic; it is a collective act.Originality/valueThough Wojtyla affirmed workers' rights, the workers can hardly feel the presence of the Church. AMA Sugbo – KMU (Alyansa sa mga Mamumuo sa Sugbo – Kilusang Mayo Uno/Workers' Alliance in Cebu – May 1 Movement), a Cebu-based labor group, needs the role of the Church in asserting rights to unionize and launch strikes, but, as Marx maintained, relies on the workers' dedication to arouse, organize and mobilize because many of the workers, as Althusser argued, view social institutions as state apparatuses; hence, there's a need to review the participation of the Church with Wojtyla's Laborem vis-à-vis neoliberal mode of production.

In 1846, one of the most important works of Slovak literary Romanticism, Andrej Sládkovič’s (1820 – 1872) long poem Marína written in the newly-codified Slovak language, was published. Its second edition, which took into account the dynamic development of this young language, played an important role in the publishing tradition of the poem. Sládkovič revised it in cooperation with the editor Karol Viktorin (1822 – 1874) and it was printed in the series Spisy básnické Andreja Sládkoviča [Poetic writings of Andrej Sládkovič]. Since then, several editors attempted at bringing forth their editions of this canonical work. The latest edition was prepared by Cyril Kraus (1928 – 2012) at a time of a rapid development of Slovak textology. The period publishing conditions were also favourable and owing to these, Kraus not only had the largest corpus of sources at his disposal, but could also rely on these relatively developed publishing techniques. His text has become the authoritative source for later editions. The article takes a look at the various editions of Marína and analyses editorial practices used by Jozef Karol Viktorin and Cyril Kraus.

At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, Europe experienced a period of scientific advances in various fields. This is associated with the results of numerous surveys, discoveries, accidental finds, and scientific research, contributing to the appearance of scientific societies and new disciplines. In the field of history, the incredibly rich but little-known ancient architectural, archaeological, and written heritage attracted the attention of many researchers. This resulted in the collection of ancient antiquities, gradually forming a whole direction of scientific research – classical archaeology. The Department of Classical Archaeology and Prehistory of Lviv University (1905) became the main centre of the development of classical archaeology in Eastern Galicia (Eastern Halychyna, now – western Ukraine). The first classical archaeologist from Lviv was Professor Karol Hadaczek. After his tragic death and the beginning of World War I, the Department of Classical Archaeology and Prehistory was divided into two independent departments. Classical archaeology was headed by Edmund Bulanda, with whom the entire development of interwar Lviv classical archaeology is inseparably linked. E. Bulanda’s greatest legacy was his students (K. Michałowski, K. Majewski, I. Starchuk, E. Kulczycki), who, after the war, led entire areas of scientific research in Polish universities and made a significant contribution to the study and increasing public awareness of the classical heritage.