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Soundings : a contemporary score
\"Soundings\" investigates the ways in which some of the most innovative contemporary artists are working with sound today. These artists approach sound from a variety of disciplinary angles visual arts, architecture, performance, computer programming and music yet they share an interest in working with, rather than against or independent of, material realities.
Book
Assessment of Ground water Quality and Seawater Intrusion Potential in the Klang River Basin, Malaysia Using Hydro-chemical Analysis and MODFLOW Simulation
The study assessed the groundwater quality and seawater intrusion possibility based on the long-term hydro-chemical monitoring data and the numerical groundwater flow models. Klang River Basin in Malaysia was assessed choosing monitoring well S9 with regards to groundwater under the historical records (1998-2018) and physical parameter; pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and chemical parameters (major ions and selected trace metals). The electrical conductivity (EC=193.66 gS/cm) and the TDS (range: 270-600 mg/L) are indicative that the groundwater is mostly fresh. The chloride levels were between 68 and 100 mg/L, which is much lower than the seawater intrusion level of 250 mg/L, indicating that there was not much impact of the sea. The trace metals of arsenic (-0.0046 mg/L) and mercury (-0.00035 mg/L) were systematically less than EPA guideline values but iron concentration levels remained high (mean 9.45mg/L), probably because of geogenic sources or borehole material. The MODFLOW model assumed a confined to unconfined aquifer system with constant-head boundary conditions along the coastal margin, no-flow boundaries from mean annual rainfall (2,420 mm/yr), Hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient were derived from JMG pumping test records. A three-dimensional Visual MODFLOW model with data on pumping tests indicated that the drawdown (<0.01 m) of well S9 was negligible currently. The outcomes suggestedequilibrium ground water situations with minimal seawater intrusion potential whereas revealing the necessity to monitor the iron concentration and ground water extraction at the most urbanised basin.
Journal Article
Occurrence, abundance, and distribution of microplastics pollution: an evidence in surface tropical water of Klang River estuary, Malaysia
Microplastics have been considered as contaminants of emerging concern due to ubiquity in the environment; however, the occurrence of microplastics in river estuaries is scarcely investigated. The Klang River estuary is an important ecosystem that receives various contaminants from urbanised, highly populated areas and the busiest maritime centre in Selangor, Malaysia. This study investigates the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in surface water of the Klang River estuary. The abundance of microplastics ranged from 0.5 to 4.5 particles L–1 with a mean abundance of 2.47 particles L–1. There is no correlation between the abundance of microplastics and physicochemical properties, while there is a strong correlation between salinity and conductivity. The microplastics were characterised with a stereomicroscope and attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to analyse size, shape, colour, and polymer composition. The microplastics in the surface water were predominantly in the 300–1000 μm size class, followed by > 1000 μm and < 300 μm, and were mostly transparent fibres, fragments, and pellets. Polyamide and polyethylene were the main polymer types in the composition of the microplastics, suggesting that the microplastics originated from heavily urbanised and industrial locations such as the port, jetty, and residential areas. The widespread occurrence of microplastics in the environment and subsequent penetration of aquatic food webs may pose a serious threat to organisms. This study provides baseline data and a framework for further investigation of microplastic contamination in estuaries.
Journal Article
Influence of elevated river flow on hypoxia occurrence, nutrient concentration and microbial dynamics in a tropical estuary
We sampled the Klang estuary during the inter-monsoon and northeast monsoon period (July–Nov 2011, Oct–Nov 2012), which coincided with higher rainfall and elevated Klang River flow. The increased freshwater inflow into the estuary resulted in water column stratification that was observed during both sampling periods. Dissolved oxygen (DO) dropped below 63 μM, and hypoxia was observed. Elevated river flow also transported dissolved inorganic nutrients, chlorophyll
a
and bacteria to the estuary. However, bacterial production did not correlate with DO concentration in this study. As hypoxia was probably not due to in situ heterotrophic processes, deoxygenated waters were probably from upstream. We surmised this as DO correlated with salinity (
R
2
= 0.664, df = 86,
p
< 0.001). DO also decreased with increasing flushing time (
R
2
= 0.556, df = 11,
p
< 0.01), suggesting that when flushing time (> 6.7 h), hypoxia could occur at the Klang estuary. Here, we presented a model that related riverine flow rate to the post-heavy rainfall hypoxia that explicated the episodic hypoxia at Klang estuary. As Klang estuary supports aquaculture and cockle culture, our results could help protect the aquaculture and cockle culture industry here.
Journal Article
The silent burden of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors in Malaysian public housing schemes
Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are largely overlooked in Malaysia’s rapidly urbanising areas, while thriving in conditions of poor sanitation, environmental decline, and high population density. Studies in Malaysia are largely skewed towards indigenous communities, with few focusing on other vulnerable sectors, including the inhabitants of public housing programs (PHP)—often plagued with poor facilities and indiscriminate waste management. We assessed the prevalence of IPIs and their associated risk factors amongst occupants of PHPs in Klang Valley, Malaysia, recruiting 394 residents from 19 PHPs and screening stool samples via six microscopy techniques. Overall prevalence was moderate (19.3%), with 76 participants infected with at least one intestinal parasite.
Ascaris lumbricoides
was the most prominent species (13.5%), followed by
Trichuris trichiura
(6.1%), and
Cryptosporidium
spp. (0.51%). Significant associations between helminthic infections and individual risk factors included locality, presence of pest breeding grounds, pet keeping, failure to use soap during handwashing, and overflowing waste collection facilities. No significant factors were associated with the protozoan infections. These results highlight the presence of IPIs in the urban poor communities, potentially attributed to poor maintenance of housing facilities and lack of civic consciousness amongst the occupants, calling for better, integrated interventions to improve the livelihoods of these communities.
Journal Article
Factors associated with healthy ageing among older persons in Senior Citizens Activity Centres (Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas, PAWE), Klang Valley, Malaysia: a cross-sectional study
Background
Malaysia is undergoing a demographic transition towards an ageing population, posing significant implications for public health planning. Understanding factors that promote healthy ageing is crucial to maintaining functional independence and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the level of healthy ageing and identify associated factors among older persons registered at Senior Citizens Activity Centres (
Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas
, PAWE) in the Klang Valley.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2024 and August 2025 among 230 older persons aged 60 years and above registered at 20 Senior Citizens Activity Centres (PAWE) in Klang Valley, Malaysia (Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya), selected using probability proportionate to size sampling. Data were collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire and analysed using IBM SPSS Version 30.0. The healthy ageing level was the dependent variable, measured using the 15-item Healthy Ageing Questionnaire (HAQ) and classified as high (> 70%) vs. low (≤ 70%), while independent variables included sociodemographic characteristics, physical and mental health, multimorbidity, physical activity, and social support. Bivariate analyses were performed using simple logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression was subsequently conducted to identify factors associated with high level of healthy ageing.
Results
The response rate was 98.3%, and the prevalence of a high level of healthy ageing was 51.8%. Multivariable analysis showed that being female (AOR = 4.121, 95% CI: 1.699–9.994), reporting good self-rated health (AOR = 4.553, 95% CI: 2.150–9.644), not at risk of depression (AOR = 6.107, 95% CI: 2.125–17.552), and having no risk of social isolation (AOR = 4.848, 95% CI: 2.420–9.711) were significant factors associated with high level of healthy ageing.
Conclusion
Female gender, good self-rated health, not at risk of depression, and no risk of social isolation were the significant factors associated with high level of healthy ageing. Public health strategies should prioritise strengthening the physical, mental, and social domains, with PAWE centres serving as key platforms to implement interventions that support healthy ageing in Malaysia.
Journal Article
Air Pollution, Cardiovascular and Respiratory Admissions in Klang Valley, Malaysia - Finding the Effects
This study aims to determine the association and risk of daily fluctuations of air pollution parameters in Klang Valley, Malaysia, with cardiovascular and respiratory admissions. The data on admissions and air pollution concentrations were obtained from various government agencies in Malaysia. The associations were estimated using a time series analysis of Poisson regression. The effects for every 10μ/m3 increase in pollutants were reported as Relative Risk (RR). SO2 showed the highest association with immediate effects at lag 0 for all cardiovascular admissions followed by NO2. Gaseous pollutants of SO2 and NO2 showed a higher risk among elderly more than 60 years old. Immediate effects were found in both genders, with higher risks observed in males. NO2 continues to be suggestively associated with all respiratory admissions. Children less than 9 years old presented a higher risk of NO2 at various lag times with the highest value at lag0, followed by PM10. Stratified analysis showed an incremental risk of respiratory admissions for males exposed to NO2 compared to females. We found noteworthy associations for overall and age-specific admissions of cardiovascular and respiratory with the pollutants. Compared to particulates pollutant, gaseous pollutants showed a higher risk in both admissions.
Publication
Exploring the distribution of Legionella pneumophila sequence types in the water supply system of Klang Valley integrated transit system
Legionella pneumophila, a microorganism that thrives in both natural freshwater and man-made water systems, is a significant pathogen that causes Legionnaires' disease, a potentially fatal form of pneumonia. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of L. pneumophila sequence types (ST) within the water supply system of the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System (KVITS) in Malaysia.
Sequence-Based Typing (SBT) was used to determine the sequence type of the L. pneumophila isolates by amplifying seven different loci (flaA, pilE, asd, mip, mompS, proA, and neuA), as per the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (protocol version 5.0).
L. pneumophila was isolated from five out of 80 samples (6.3%). These isolates comprised five distinct sequence types: ST1, ST22, ST2210, ST3017, and ST3029. Three isolates typed as ST1, ST22 and ST2210 belong to serogroup 1. Phylogenetic analysis suggested multiple sources of contamination.
This study suggests the need for a comprehensive water management plan for KVITS, including routine testing and risk assessments, to reduce the risk of Legionnaires' disease outbreaks.
Journal Article
Daily Forecasting of Dam Water Levels: Comparing a Support Vector Machine (SVM) Model With Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Reservoir planning and management are critical to the development of the hydrological field and necessary to Integrated Water Resources Management. The growth of forecasting models has resulted in an excellent model known as the Support Vector Machine (SVM). This model uses linearly separable patterns based on an optimal hyperplane, which are extended to non-linearly separable patterns by transforming the raw data to map into a new space. SVM can find a global optimal solution equipped with Kernel functions. These Kernel functions have high flexibility in the forecasting computation, enabling data to be mapped at a higher and infinite-dimensional space in an implicit manner. This paper presents a new solution to the expert system, using SVM to forecast the daily dam water level of the Klang gate. Four categories are identified to determine the best model: the input scenario, the type of SVM regression, the number of V-fold cross-validation and the time lag. The best input scenario employs both the rainfall R(t-i) and the dam water level L(t-i). Type 2 SVM regression is selected as the best regression type, and 5-fold cross-validation produces the most accurate results. The results are compared with those obtained using ANFIS: all the RMSE, MAE and MAPE values prove that SVM is a superior model to ANFIS. Finally, all the results are combined to determine the best time lag, resulting in R(t-2) L(t-2) for the best model with only 1.64 % error.
Journal Article
Sonic Agency
In a world dominated by the visual, could contemporary resistances be auditory? This timely and important book highlights sound's invisible, disruptive and affective qualities and asks whether the unseen nature of sound can support a political transformation.
eBook