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The returning hero : nostoi and traditions of Mediterranean settlement
A recurring and significant theme in ancient Greek literature is that of returns and returning, marked by the Greek word nostos. This volume offers an interdisciplinary exploration of nostos in ancient Greek culture, shedding light on perceptions of home and displacement, and on the foundation myths that shaped ancient Greek identity.
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Archaeologies of Colonialism
This book presents a theoretically informed, up-to-date study of interactions between indigenous peoples of Mediterranean France and Etruscan, Greek, and Roman colonists during the first millennium BC. Analyzing archaeological data and ancient texts, Michael Dietler explores these colonial encounters over six centuries, focusing on material culture, urban landscapes, economic practices, and forms of violence. He shows how selective consumption linked native societies and colonists and created transformative relationships for each. Archaeologies of Colonialism also examines the role these ancient encounters played in the formation of modern European identity, colonial ideology, and practices, enumerating the problems for archaeologists attempting to re-examine these past societies.
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Bárbaros
Two centuries after Cortés and Pizarro seized the Aztec and Inca empires, Spain's conquest of America remained unfinished. Indians retained control over most of the lands in Spain's American empire. Mounted on horseback, savvy about European ways, and often possessing firearms, independent Indians continued to find new ways to resist subjugation by Spanish soldiers and conversion by Spanish missionaries.
In this panoramic study, David J. Weber explains how late eighteenthcentury Spanish administrators tried to fashion a more enlightened policy toward the people they calledbárbaros,or \"savages.\" Even Spain's most powerful monarchs failed, however, to enforce a consistent, well-reasoned policy toward Indians. At one extreme, powerful independent Indians forced Spaniards to seek peace, acknowledge autonomous tribal governments, and recognize the existence of tribal lands, fulfilling the Crown's oft-stated wish to use \"gentle\" means in dealing with Indians. At the other extreme the Crown abandoned its principles, authorizing bloody wars on Indians when Spanish officers believed they could defeat them. Power, says Weber, more than the power of ideas, determined how Spaniards treated \"savages\" in the Age of Enlightenment.
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Translation and Epistemicide
Translation has facilitated colonialism from the fifteenth century
to the present day. Epistemicide, which involves destroying,
marginalizing, or banishing Indigenous, subaltern, and
counter-hegemonic knowledges, is one result. In the Americas, it is
a racializing process. But in the hands of subaltern translators
and interpreters, translation has also been used as a decolonial
method. The book gives an account of translation-as-epistemicide in
the Americas, drawing on a range of examples from the early
colonial period to the War on Terror. The first chapters
demonstrate four distinct operations of epistemicide: the
commensuration of worlds, the epistemic marginalization of
subaltern translators and the knowledge they produce, the
criminalization of translators and interpreters, and translation as
piracy or extractivism. The second part of the book outlines
decolonial translation strategies, including an epistemic posture
the author calls \"bewilderment.\" Translation and
Epistemicide tracks how through the centuries translation
practices have enabled colonialism and resulted in epistemicide, or
the destruction of Indigenous and subaltern knowledge.
eBook
The black hole of empire
When Siraj, the ruler of Bengal, overran the British settlement of Calcutta in 1756, he allegedly jailed 146 European prisoners overnight in a cramped prison. Of the group, 123 died of suffocation. While this episode was never independently confirmed, the story of \"the black hole of Calcutta\" was widely circulated and seen by the British public as an atrocity committed by savage colonial subjects.The Black Hole of Empirefollows the ever-changing representations of this historical event and founding myth of the British Empire in India, from the eighteenth century to the present. Partha Chatterjee explores how a supposed tragedy paved the ideological foundations for the \"civilizing\" force of British imperial rule and territorial control in India.
Chatterjee takes a close look at the justifications of modern empire by liberal thinkers, international lawyers, and conservative traditionalists, and examines the intellectual and political responses of the colonized, including those of Bengali nationalists. The two sides of empire's entwined history are brought together in the story of the Black Hole memorial: set up in Calcutta in 1760, demolished in 1821, restored by Lord Curzon in 1902, and removed in 1940 to a neglected churchyard. Challenging conventional truisms of imperial history, nationalist scholarship, and liberal visions of globalization, Chatterjee argues that empire is a necessary and continuing part of the history of the modern state.
Some images inside the book are unavailable due to digital copyright restrictions.
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archaeology of the colonized
The first book to integrate fully the archaeological study of the landscape with the concerns of colonial and postcolonial history, theory and scholarship, The Archaeology of the Colonized focuses on the experience of the colonized in their landscape setting, looking at case studies from areas of the world not often considered in the postcolonial debate. It offers original, exciting approaches to the growing area of research in archaeology and colonialism.
From the pyramids of Old Kingdom Egypt to illicit whisky distilling in nineteenth-century Scotland, and from the Roman roads of Turkey to the threshing floors of Cyprus under British colonial rule, the case studies assist Dr. Given as he uses the archaeological evidence to create a vivid picture of how the lives and identities of farmers, artisans and labourers were affected by colonial systems of oppressive taxation, bureaucracy, forced labour and ideological control.
This will be valuable to students, scholars or professionals investigating the relationship between local community and central control in a wide range of historical and archaeological contexts.
\"A commendable and exciting work...the author's interest in imperialism is bold and timely, as is his interest in promoting a bottom-up approach...A great opportunity to advance archaeological thought about imperialism.\" - Charles E. Orser Jr, Illinois State University
Michael Given is a Research Fellow in the Department of Archaeology, University of Glasgow, and co-director of the Troodos Archaeological and Environmental Survey Project in Cyprus. His research interests include archaeological survey, landscape archaeology, imperialism and historical archaeology. He is co-author with A. Bernard Knapp of The Sydney Cyprus Survey Project: social approaches to regional archaeological survey (2003).
1. Introduction 2. Resistance - Agency - Landscape - Narrative 3. The Archaeology of Taxation 4. The Settlement of Empire 5. Living between Lines 6. The Dominated Body 7. The Patron Saint of Tax Evaders 8. Landscapes of Resistance 9. Conclusion: Archaeologists and the Colonized
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Rethinking Colonialism
Historical archaeology studies once relied upon a binary view of colonialism: colonizers and colonized, the colonial period and the postcolonial period. The international contributors to this volume scrutinize imperialism and expansionism through an alternative lens that looks beyond simple dualities to explore the variously gendered, racialized, and occupied peoples of a multitude of faiths, desires, associations, and constraints. Colonialism is not a phase in the chronology of a people but a continuous phenomenon that spans the Old and New Worlds. Most importantly, the contributors argue that its impacts-and, in some instances, even the same processes set in place by the likes of Columbus-are ongoing.
Inciting a critical study of the lasting impacts of ancient and modern colonialism on descendant communities, this wide-ranging volume includes essays on Roman Britain, slavery in Brazil, and contemporary Native Americans. In its efforts to define the scope and comparability of colonialism, this collection challenges the field to go beyond familiar geographical and historical boundaries and draws attention to unfolding colonial futures.
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Alluvium and Empire
Alluvium and Empire uncovers the stories of Indigenous
people who were subject to one of the largest waves of forced
resettlement in human history, the Reducción General. In 1569,
Spanish administrators attempted to move at least 1.4 million
Indigenous people into a series of planned towns called
reducciones , with the goal of reshaping their households,
communities, and religious practices. However, in northern Peru's
Zaña Valley, this process failed to go as the Spanish had planned.
In Alluvium and Empire, Parker VanValkenburgh explores both the
short-term processes and long-term legacies of Indigenous
resettlement in this region, drawing particular attention to the
formation of complex relationships between Indigenous communities,
imperial institutions, and the dynamic environments of Peru's north
coast. The volume draws on nearly ten years of field and archival
research to craft a nuanced account of the Reducción General and
its aftermath. Written at the intersections of history and
archaeology, Alluvium and Empire at once bears witness to the
violence of Spanish colonization and highlights Indigenous
resilience in the aftermath of resettlement. In the process,
VanValkenburgh critiques previous approaches to the study of empire
and models a genealogical approach that attends to the
open-ended-and often unpredictable-ways in which empires take
shape.
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The Geography of Trade
From the mid-20th century onwards, consolidated study of the merchant archives from the Old Assyrian trading colony at Kaneš (Kültepe) has not only transformed our understanding of the social, economic and political dynamics of the Bronze Age Near East, but also overturned many preconceived notions of what constitutes pre-modern trade. Despite this disciplinary impact and archaeological investigations at Kültepe and elsewhere, our understanding of this phenomenon has remained largely text-based and therefore of limited analytical scope, both spatially and contextually. This book re-assesses the Old-Assyrian trade network in Upper Mesopotamia and Central Anatolia during the Middle Bronze Age (c. 1970 – 1700 BC) by combining in some analytical detail the archaeology (e.g. material culture, settlement data, etc.) of the region both on its own terms and via a range of spatial approaches. The author offers a comparative and spatial perspective on exchange networks and economic strategies, continuity and discontinuity of specific trade circuits and routes, and the evolution of political landscapes throughout the Near East in the Middle Bronze Age.
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The legacies of a Hawaiian generation
Through the voices and perspectives of the members of an extended Hawaiian family, or `ohana, this book tells the story of North American imperialism in Hawai`i from the Great Depression to the new millennium. The family members offer their versions of being \"Native Hawaiian\" in an American state, detailing the ways in which US laws, policies, and institutions made, and continue to make, an impact on their daily lives. The book traces the ways that Hawaiian values adapted to changing conditions under a Territorial regime and then after statehood. These conditions involved claims for land for Native Hawaiian Homesteads, education in American public schools, military service, and participation in the Hawaiian cultural renaissance. Based on fieldwork observations, kitchen table conversations, and talk-stories, or mo`olelo, this book is a unique blend of biography, history, and anthropological analysis.
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