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Activity‐related multifractal properties of Wi‐Fi signals
In wireless local area networks (WLANs) compliant with the IEEE 802.11n standard, channel state information (CSI) is known to embed information about the surrounding environment, including the positions and movements of people. So far, this information has been inferred by exploiting certain temporal and spectral features of the related WLAN signals. In this letter, their multifractal, i.e. structural properties are examined by means of detrended fluctuation analysis. Preliminary results support the claims that (a) CSI traces exhibit multifractal properties and (b) these are influenced by human presence and activity/posture within the room. Structural properties of IEEE 802.11n Wi‐Fi signals were examined by applying detrended fluctuation analysis to the channel state information traces. The outputs proved to be dependent on both human presence and activity in the room, which enabled to formulate highly distinctive classification criteria.
Journal Article
Two‐layer modelling of IEEE 802.11x channel occupancy
Low power IoT communication signals (e.g., Bluetooth and ZigBee) may seriously suffer from the presence of high‐power co‐channel interference like wireless local area network (WLAN) signal. They may effectively avoid WLAN interference by exploiting dynamic characteristics of WLAN traffic. Representing the arrival/departure of WLAN users using an M/M/m/m queueing structure, the characterization of large‐scale dynamics of WLAN channel occupancy is considered. The characterization of small‐scale dynamics of WLAN channel occupancy is also considered by generating WLAN signal using a two‐state semi‐Markovian process. Simulation results show that the proposed model generates WLAN signal having similar statistical characteristics to those of real WLAN signal. Two‐layer stochastic model that may represent a time‐varying nature of WLAN channel occupancy is proposed. The proposed model is verified to generate WLAN signal whose statistical characteristics are similar to those of real WLAN signal.
Journal Article
Campus network architectures and technologies
\"This book begins by describing the service challenges facing campus networks, and then details the intent-driven campus network architectures and technologies of Huawei Cloud Campus Solution. After reading this book, you will have a comprehensive understanding of next-generation campus network solutions, technical implementations, planning, design, and other know-how. Leveraging Huawei's years of technical expertise and practices in the campus network field, this book systematically describes the use of technical solutions such as virtualization, big data, AI, and SDN in campus networks. With this informative description, you will be able to quickly and efficiently reconstruct campus networks. In addition, this book provides detailed suggestions for campus network design and deployment based on Huawei's extensive project implementation experience, assisting with the construction of automated and intelligent campus networks required to cope with challenges. This is a practical, informative, and easy-to-understand guide for learning about and designing campus networks. It is intended for network planning engineers, network technical support engineers, network administrators, and enthusiasts of campus network technologies\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
An Interface Setup Optimization Method Using a Throughput Estimation Model for Concurrently Communicating Access Points in a Wireless Local Area Network
The IEEE 802.11 wireless local-area network (WLAN) has been deployed around the globe as a major Internet access medium due to its low cost and high flexibility and capacity. Unfortunately, dense wireless networks can suffer from poor performance due to high levels of radio interference resulting from adjoining access points (APs). To address this problem, we studied the AP transmission power optimization method, which selects the maximum or minimum power supplied to each AP so that the average signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) among the concurrently communicating APs is maximized.However, this method requires measurements of receiving signal strength (RSS) under all the possible combinations of powers. It may need intolerable loads and time as the number of APs increases. It also only considers the use of channel bonding (CB), although non-CB sometimes achieves higher performance under high levels of interference. In this paper, we present an AP interface setup optimization method using the throughput estimation model for concurrently communicating APs. The proposed method selects CB or non-CB in addition to the maximum or minimum power for each AP. This model approach avoids expensive costs of RSS measurements under a number of combinations. To estimate the RSS at an AP from another AP or a host, the model needs the distance and the obstacles between them, such as walls. Then, by calculating the estimated RSS with the model and calculating the SIR from them, the AP interface setups for a lot of APs in a large-scale wireless network can be optimized on a computer in a very short time. For evaluation, we conducted extensive experiments using Raspberry Pi for APs and Linux PCs for hosts under 12 network topologies in three buildings at Okayama University, Japan, and Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh. The results confirm that the proposed method selects the best AP interface setup with the highest total throughput in any topology.
Journal Article
Routing and switching essentials v6. Companion guide
This course describes the architecture, components, and operations of routers and switches in a small network. You learn how to configure a router and a switch for basic functionality. This companion guide is designed as a portable desk reference to use anytime, anywhere to reinforce the material from the course and organise your time.
Book
Virtual Local Area Network Performance Improvement Using Ad Hoc Routing Protocols in a Wireless Network
Wireless Communication has become one of the most popular types of communication networks because of the many services it provides; however, it has experienced several challenges in improving network performance. VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a different approach which enables a network administrator to create a logical network from a physical network. By dividing a large network into smaller networks, VLAN technology improves network efficiency, management, and security. This study includes VLAN for wireless networks with mobile nodes integration. The network protection was improved by separating the connections and grouping them in a way that prevents any party from being able to contact unauthorized stations in another party using VLAN. VLAN demonstrated restricted access to private server data by managing traffic, improving security, and reducing levels of congestion. This paper investigates the virtual local area network in a wireless network with three ad hoc routing protocols in a number of different scenarios, using the Riverbed Modeler simulation, which was used as a simulation program in this study. It was found from the investigation process that adopting VLAN technology could reduce delay and data of the network and considerably lower throughput, which is a major drawback of VLAN. Ad hoc routing algorithms, including AODV (Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector), DSR (Dynamic Source Routing), and OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) routing protocols, were used to improve the delay and throughput of the network. Routing methods with VLAN were tested across the WLAN to obtain the best throughput gain performance. The findings also revealed that these ad hoc routing protocols improved the Wireless Sensor Network performance as an additional investigation for the improvement of any network’s delay and throughput.
Journal Article
Performance of WLAN in Downlink MU-MIMO Channel with the Least Cost in Terms of Increased Delay
To improve the performance of IEEE 802.11 wireless local area (WLAN) networks, different frame-aggregation algorithms are proposed by IEEE 802.11n/ac standards to improve the throughput performance of WLANs. However, this improvement will also have a related cost in terms of increasing delay. The traffic load generated by mixed types of applications in current modern networks demands different network performance requirements in terms of maintaining some form of an optimal trade-off between maximizing throughput and minimizing delay. However, the majority of existing researchers have only attempted to optimize either one (to maximize throughput or minimize the delay). Both the performance of throughput and delay can be affected by several factors such as a heterogeneous traffic pattern, target aggregate frame size, channel condition, competing stations, etc. However, under the effect of uncertain conditions of heterogeneous traffic patterns and channel conditions in a network, determining the optimal target aggregate frame size is a significant approach that can be controlled to manage both throughput and delay. The main contribution of this study was to propose an adaptive aggregation algorithm that allows an adaptive optimal trade-off between maximizing system throughput and minimizing system delay in the WLAN downlink MU-MIMO channel. The proposed approach adopted different aggregation policies to adaptively select the optimal aggregation policy that allowed for achieving maximum system throughput by minimizing delay. Both queue delay and transmission delay, which have a significant impact when frame-aggregation algorithms are adopted, were considered. Different test case scenarios were considered such as channel error, traffic pattern, and number of competing stations. Through system-level simulation, the performance of the proposed approach was validated over the FIFO aggregation algorithm and earlier adaptive aggregation approaches, which only focused on achieving maximum throughput at the expense of delay. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated under the effects of heterogenous traffic patterns for VoIP and video traffic applications, channel conditions, and number of STAs for WLAN downlink MU-MIMO channels.
Journal Article
Novel Record Replacement Algorithm and Architecture for QoS Management over Local Area Networks
An effective System-on-Chip (SoC) for smart Quality-of-Service (QoS) management over a virtual local area network (LAN) is presented in this study. The SoC is implemented by field programmable gate array (FPGA) for accelerating the delivery quality prediction for a service. The quality prediction is carried out by the general regression neural network (GRNN) algorithm based on a time-varying profile consisting of the past delivery records of the service. A novel record replacement algorithm is presented to update the profile, so that the bandwidth usage of the service can be effectively tracked by GRNN. Experimental results show that the SoC provides self-aware QoS management with low computation costs for applications over virtual LAN.
Journal Article