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Decomposition of the logistics system into the system elements is an important and necessary step in the theoretical studies, the results of which are used in establishing or improving the logistics system in order to increase the efficiency of the company and gain additional competitive advantages by forming unique competences. A systematic approach to defining the elements of the logistics system has been applied. The method of scientific abstraction has been used to reveal the properties of logistics systems which allow identifying the core features of the investigated categories. Implementation of the system decomposition of the logistics system allows identifying its main components and revealing the relationships between its elements. Results of the study confirm that the system decomposition of the logistics system elements includes conditions, properties, features, goals, subjects and objects. The scientific novelty of the research is a systematic approach to defining the elements of the logistics system and their properties (viz. integration, structuration, hierarchy, development, emergentity, goal orientation, synergy, and modeling) through the method of scientific abstraction. System decomposition of the logistics system elements, including the conditions, properties, features, goals, subjects and objects, allows for the unification of terminology and elimination of non-core logistics categories.

The European vision of the Factory of the Future is based on increasing competition and sustainability by transformation from cost orientation to high-adding value with technical and organisational innovations. One of the expected outcomes is an increase in modularisation, i.e., the reconfigurability of the technical system in manufacturing conditions. Modular manufacturing systems (MMS), will consist of modular platforms (MP) that are capable of rapid rebuilding, and reconfiguration performed by adding or removing a module by Mobile Robotic Systems (MRS). In the conditions of MMS, to make the most efficient use of reconfiguration MRS capacities, it is necessary to know the optimal ratio of these MRS to the number of modular platforms (MP) used in MMS, which does not exist today. This ratio will help industrial companies that are deploying MMS-based solutions to plan the number of MRSs needed to reconfigure deployed systems. As a method of determining this optimal ratio, an experimental approach via simulation was chosen, using data from custom MRS and MP prototypes with testing different layouts of modular platforms with the view of warehouse layout, manufacturing island, manufacturing island power supply, and MRS. Based on the results, it can be determined that the MP-MRS limit ratio is 2:1, where the further increase in MRS has only a minimal impact on the reconfiguration period. With the reduction of MP transferred to one MRS, there is a gradual decrease in the time required for reconfiguration. When the ratio of 1:1 is attained, the time required for reconfiguration lowers, but not as dramatically as in bigger ratios.

The optimization of an integrated coal gangue system of mining, dressing, and backfilling in deep underground mining is a multi-objective and complex decision-making process, and the factors such as spatial layout, node location, and transportation equipment need to be considered comprehensively. In order to realize the intellectualized location of the nodes for the logistics and transportation system of underground mining and dressing coal and gangue, this paper establishes the model of the logistics and transportation system of underground mining and dressing coal gangue, and analyzes the key factors of the intellectualized location for the logistics and transportation system of coal and gangue, and the objective function of the node transportation model is deduced. The PSO–QNMs algorithm is proposed for the solution of the objective function, which improves the accuracy and stability of the location selection and effectively avoids the shortcomings of the PSO algorithm with its poor local detailed search ability and the quasi-Newton algorithm with its sensitivity to the initial value. Comparison of the particle swarm and PSO–QNMs algorithm outputs for the specific conditions of the New Julong coal mine, as an example, shows that the PSO–QNMs algorithm reduces the complexity of the calculation, increases the calculation efficiency by eight times, saves 42.8% of the cost value, and improves the efficiency of the node selection of mining–dressing–backfilling systems in a complex underground mining environment. The results confirm that the method has high convergence speed and solution accuracy, and provides a fundamental basis for optimizing the underground coal mine logistics system. Based on the research results, a node siting system for an integrated underground mining, dressing, and backfilling system in coal mines (referred to as MSBPS) was developed.

The research describes the competitive environment in the market of transport-logistics services of Kazakhstan. Logistics networks are represented by two transport systems: JSC ‘National Company Kazakhstan Temirzholy’ hereinafter Operator, as well as other railway administrations and access routes of the Customer (LLP ‘KM Tranko). The experience of TRANKO JSC, where marketing systems in the railway services market of Kazakhstan occupy an important place, is of interest. This format of services in the Republic is not common, therefore the services of JSC ‘TRANKO’ are unique and the specifics of these services, including planning and management of the logistics process with a system of response to failures, can be provided only for large business.

Marketing and logistics are closely linked and represent a single complex that contributes to meeting needs. The marketing component is focused on determining the need itself, so what consumers want, and the logistics component gives an answer to the question of how the consumer will receive the desired product, and with minimal costs, in a convenient place and at the right time. The main tasks that marketing is designed to solve are: a detailed analysis of needs, an analysis of the market situation, the development of products that the consumer currently needs, the development of strategies for behavior in the market, the development of communications. And logistics should ensure the lowest costs for the delivery of goods and determine at what expense and at what stages these costs can be reduced. Thus, the joint integrated use of marketing and logistics will make the process of product distribution more efficient, which will help to receive higher revenues. In this article, the task is to make a study of the places of marketing and logistics in the enterprise management system and the interrelationship between them, analyzing the connections between the elements of the two activities. In the article, 5 conclusions are made, which give an opinion on the joint integration of the two elements in this management system.

Agricultural pruning biomass is one of the important resources in Europe for generating renewable energy. However, utilization of the agricultural residues requires development of efficient and effective logistics systems. The objective of this study was to develop smart logistics system (SLS) appropriate for the management of the pruning biomass supply chain. The paper describes the users’ requirement of SLS, defines the technical and functional requirements and specifications for the development of SLS, and determines relevant information/data to be documented and managed by the SLS. This SLS has four major components: (a) Smart box, a sensor unit that enables measurement of data such as relative humidity, temperature, geographic positions; (b) On-board control unit, a unit that performs route planning and monitors the recordings by the smart box; (c) Information platform, a centralized platform for data storing and sharing, and management of pruning supply chain and traceability; and (d) Central control unit, an interface linking the Information platform and On-board control unit that serves as a point of administration for the whole pruning biomass supply chain from harvesting to end user. The SLS enables the improvement of performance of pruning biomass supply chain management and product traceability leading to a reduction of product loss, increased coordination of resources utilisation and quality of solid biofuel supply, increased pruning marketing opportunity, and reduction of logistics cost. This SLS was designed for pruning biomass, but could also be adapted for any type of biomass-to-energy initiatives.

This paper examines the conceptual, structural, and functional relationships between distribution logistics and supply logistics, two domains that are often perceived as synonymous despite their fundamentally different roles within the logistics chain. The study clarifies frequently used terms, defines their correct positioning within distribution and supply logistics, and analyses their interconnections in the context of material, information, and financial flows. Based on established scientific literature, professional standards, and practical project experience, the paper highlights the distinctions between distribution, physical distribution, physical supply, and distribution logistics as a system. It further explains the functions of distribution in value creation, harmonisation of supply and demand, and execution of essential operational activities, including transport, storage, regrouping, and customer service. The research emphasises the systemic integration of distribution and supply as inseparable parts of a single chain, driven by the potential difference between supply and demand. The paper also outlines the structural role of distribution channels, logistics channels, and acquisition and logistics distribution subsystems, illustrating how coordinated strategic and operational decisions influence the performance of the entire logistics system. By defining key terms and illustrating their relationships, the study contributes to a clearer conceptual framework for logistics professionals and supports more accurate use of logistics terminology in academic and practical environments. The proposed framework supports consistent terminology usage in logistics education, research, and practical system design.

3D modeling technology is an important branch of interdisciplinary fields such as computer graphics, intelligent information processing, computer vision, and artificial intelligence. Through computer digitization, collecting three-dimensional data information of the target object, and then processing and simulation reproduction through computer technology, plays an important role in logistics engineering (LE). The purpose of this paper is the simulation research of LE based on computer three-dimensional modeling technology. This paper takes LE as the research object, firstly elaborates the functional and non-functional requirements of the system separately, and establishes an intelligent logistics system. This paper uses Flexsim simulation software to establish a logistics distribution simulation model. Based on the data collected in the survey, the model is parameterized. Through the data output from the simulation, the simulation data of the original logistics system and the logistics system designed in this paper are compared and analyzed. The simulation output data shows that the total number of products transported in and out of the warehouse of the original system’s 6 transport planes is 15,559, and the total number of products transported in and out of the warehouse of the 6 transport planes in the logistics system proposed in this paper is 17,144 pieces. It can be seen that this system has strong transportation efficiency in LE.

Purpose: The objective of the present research is to design and apply a methodology to evaluate the logistics system in the transportation process in a base vehicle fleet, which contributes to decrease the costs of distribution and to increase the performance of the logistics system of the organization. Design/methodology: The proposal of a holistic technology for the management of this process is carried out, which integrates indicators and tools that improve control and decision-making activities in this area. Findings: The application of the procedure developed in the selected organization contributed to the identification of deficiencies related to the availability of the equipment and the needs of the clients, the low technical availability of the automotive plant, the low utilization of the capacity of the freight vehicles, the absence of a plan of measures to diminish the empty routes of the transport and the overconsumption of fuel due to the accomplishment of extra trips. Aspects that contributed to the redesign of some of the main functions of physical distribution such as itinerary planning, selection of means of transport and analysis of operating indicators, aspects that favored the optimization of the number of trips and, consequently, the adequate use of the equipment and the loads to be transported, observing a saving of 15% in the fuel consumption per load transported. Originality: The originality of the present research lies in the combination of different theories and techniques that contribute from a holistic approach to the logistics evaluation of the transportation process, facilitating the optimization of transportation requirements, its operation and maintenance.

This article describes the hydrocarbon reserves in the oil and gas provinces of Russia’s Arctic territory, as well as specific features of the region’s raw hydrocarbon potential. It has been noted that the implementation of Arctic hydrocarbon-associated projects requires that a unified transport and logistics system be created, with the Northern Sea Route being the basis. The factors affecting the volume of cargo transportation along the Arctic routes are presented. It has been established that the hydrocarbon extraction and liquefied natural gas production in the Russian Arctic zone is the most important factor in the formation of cargo flows along the Northern Sea Route. The most significant oil and gas projects that comprise the bulk of freight traffic flow along the Arctic transportation corridors have been reviewed. The ports, as the main element of the Arctic transport system, are described in terms of their state and infrastructure. It has been indicated that the construction, modernization, and operation of the Arctic ports are closely related to the creation of long-distance railway corridors, and the construction of new railway lines leading to the Arctic Basin ports can serve as a reliable basis for the growth of the Northern Sea Route’s cargo potential. A conclusion has been drawn about the special significance of the Murmansk region for the formation of the Arctic transport system.