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Global mobility of highly skilled people : multidisciplinary perspectives on self-initiated expatriation
This volume examines self-initiated expatriates (SIEs), the category of highly skilled people whose movement from one country to another is by choice. Although they are not forced to relocate due to work, conflict or natural disaster, their migration pattern is every bit as complex. The book challenges previous theoretical approaches that take for granted a more simplistic view of this population, and advances that mobility of SIEs relates to the expatriates themselves, their conditions and the different structures intervening in their career life course. With their visible increase worldwide, this book positions itself as a nexus for this on-going discussion, while linking self-initiated expatriation to the theoretical landscape of international skilled migration and mobility. Major interests that catch attention are transnational practices, work-related experiences and personal life course, including forms of inequalities in their migration experiences. The book identifies forms and drivers of migratory behaviour and provides an argument concerning the broader processes of mobility and integration. As such, this book constitutes a departure point for future research in terms of theoretical underpinnings and empirical rigor on global highly skilled mobility of SIEs. The collection of empirical case studies offers an insightful analysis for policy makers, concerned stakeholders and organizations to better cope with this form of migration.
Book
Trade Liberalization and Regional Dynamics
We study the evolution of trade liberalization's effects on Brazilian local labor markets. Regions facing larger tariff cuts experienced prolonged declines informal sector employment and earnings relative to other regions. The impact of tariff changes on regional earnings 20 years after liberalization was three times the effect after 10 years. These increasing effects on regional earnings are inconsistent with conventional spatial equilibrium models, which predict declining effects due to spatial arbitrage. We investigate potential mechanisms, finding empirical support for a mechanism involving imperfect interregional labor mobility and dynamics in labor demand, driven by slow capital adjustment and agglomeration economies. This mechanism gradually amplifies the effects of liberalization, explaining the slow adjustment path of regional earnings and quantitatively accounting for the magnitude of the long-run effects.
Journal Article
Social concertation in times of austerity
A term specifically found in European politics, social concertation refers to cooperation between trade unions, governments and employers in public policy-making.Social Concertation in Times of Austerityinvestigates the political underpinnings of social concertation in the context of European integration. Alexandre Afonso focuses on the regulation of labor mobility and unemployment protection in Austria and Switzerland, two of Europe's most prosperous countries, and he looks at nonpartisan policymaking as a strategy for compromise. With this smart, new study, Afonso powerfully enters the debate on the need for a shared social agenda in post-crisis Western Europe.
eBook
Mobilities of labour and capital
\"This book explores the mobilities of capital and labour in the contemporary global economy with a particular focus on Asia. Using an analytical framework around three dimensions related to spatiality, institutional forms of governance and cultural contexts, the book uses a variety of sub-national, national and transnational sites within Asia to examine the interrelationships between capital and labour mobilities at multiple levels of analyses. It seeks to make a fundamental argument about the need to integrate labour and capital mobility in the same conceptual frame. By putting the interaction of labour and capital mobility at the centre of its analyses, it identifies the multi-level institutional actors facilitating these mobilities in diverse cultural and geographical contexts. There is a growing interest in academic, corporate and policy circles in understanding the evolving and enhanced role of Asia, especially the erstwhile developing economies, in the global political-economic environment, especially in the terms of capital accumulation and mobility, shifting demographics and labour mobility, and development of alternative institutions -- for instance, development banks, trade routes, and regional co-operation. The proposed volume, through the use of diverse geographical and cultural settings, will contribute to an understanding of these emerging realities in Asia\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Labour migration in Malaysia and Spain
State regulation of labour migration is confronted with a double paradox. First, while markets require a policy of open borders to fulfill demands for migrant workers, the boundaries of citizenship impose some degree of closure to the outside. Second, while the exclusivity of citizenship requires closed membership, civil and human rights undermine the state's capacity to exclude foreigners once they are in the country. By considering how Malaysia and Spain have responded to the demand for foreign labour, this book analyses what may be identified as the trilemma between markets, citizenship and rights. For though their markets are similar, the two countries have different approaches to citizenship and rights. We must thus ask: how do such divergences affect state responses to market demands and how, in turn, do state regulations impact labour migration flows? And what does this mean for contemporary migration overall? This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
eBook
REGIONAL LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT IN THE UNITED STATES
We present new evidence on the evolution of labor mobility in the United States over the past four decades. Building on the seminal methodology by Blanchard and Katz (1992), combined with multiple sources of regional population and migration data, we show that interstate mobility in response to relative labor demand conditions is not as high as previously established and has been weakening since the early 1990s. In addition, we find that mobility is countercyclical: net migration across regions responds more strongly to spatial disparities in recessions than in normal times. While the declining trend in mobility has been driven by weaker out-migration from states experiencing negative relative shocks, the mobility surge in recessions is mostly accounted for by temporarily stronger in-migration to better-performing states.
Journal Article
Migration and multi-ethnic communities : mobile people from the late Middle Ages to the present
\"This book aims to shed light on a global and complex phenomenon: migration. In order to grasp this vast and ambiguous issue, the book offers ten multi-layered case studies, each focusing on one aspect of migration. With this selection of articles, this collected volume builds a bridge between the past and the present and highlights the many sides of migration in rural and urban local communities. The chapters will demonstrate how the questions of controlled migration, movement of labor, improvement of one's life, and interaction of people of different origin have puzzled us in the course of the last five hundred years.\"-- Back cover.
BOOK
The knowledge spillover theory of intrapreneurship
Introducing the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Intrapreneurship, we examine how labour mobility impacts innovation distributed by firm size. A matched employer-employee dataset, pooled with firm-level patent application data, is implemented in the analysis. We provide new evidence that knowledge workers' mobility has a positive and strongly significant impact on all firms' innovation output, measured as patent applications. The patterns and effects do however differ between large and small firms. More precisely, for small firms, intraregional mobility of knowledge workers who have previously worked in a patenting firm (the learning-by-hiring effect) is shown to be statistically and economically highly significant, whereas only limited impact could be detected for firms losing knowledge workers (the learning-by-diaspora effect).
Journal Article