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\"The book tells the story of how an upstart planetary laboratory in Tucson, the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (LPL), would help create the field of planetary science, breaking free from traditional astronomical techniques to embrace a wide range of disciplines necessary to study planets\"-- Provided by publisher.

Clinical metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), the comprehensive analysis of microbial and host genetic material (DNA and RNA) in samples from patients, is rapidly moving from research to clinical laboratories. This emerging approach is changing how physicians diagnose and treat infectious disease, with applications spanning a wide range of areas, including antimicrobial resistance, the microbiome, human host gene expression (transcriptomics) and oncology. Here, we focus on the challenges of implementing mNGS in the clinical laboratory and address potential solutions for maximizing its impact on patient care and public health.Clinical metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is rapidly moving from bench to bedside. This Review discusses the clinical applications of mNGS, including infectious disease diagnostics, microbiome analyses, host response analyses and oncology applications. Moreover, the authors review the challenges that need to be overcome for mNGS to be successfully implemented in the clinical laboratory and propose solutions to maximize the benefits of clinical mNGS for patients.

The unforgettable story of Laika the Soviet space dog, the Cold War, and the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Key Points UTIs are increasingly caused by multidrug-resistant organisms as a result of the overuse of empirical, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy Antimicrobial susceptibility, determined by the phenotypic response to antibiotic exposure, is key for clinical decision making for treating the wide variety of uropathogens and identifying resistance markers Existing technologies (such as PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and mass spectrometry) and new technologies (such as droplet microfluidic and biosensor platforms) need to focus on direct urine testing to expedite objective diagnoses Integrated biosensor–microfluidic platforms have the most potential for point-of-care testing, as they facilitate direct urine analysis and can encompass all assay steps in a compact device New technologies are a key step towards improved antimicrobial stewardship Timely and accurate identification and determination of the antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens is central to the management of UTIs and antimicrobial stewardship. In this Review, Davenport and colleagues discuss emerging technologies including biosensors, microfluidics, and other integrated platforms that could improve UTI diagnosis and treatment choice. Timely and accurate identification and determination of the antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens is central to the management of UTIs. Urine dipsticks are fast and amenable to point-of-care testing, but do not have adequate diagnostic accuracy or provide microbiological diagnosis. Urine culture with antimicrobial susceptibility testing takes 2–3 days and requires a clinical laboratory. The common use of empirical antibiotics has contributed to the rise of multidrug-resistant organisms, reducing treatment options and increasing costs. In addition to improved antimicrobial stewardship and the development of new antimicrobials, novel diagnostics are needed for timely microbial identification and determination of antimicrobial susceptibilities. New diagnostic platforms, including nucleic acid tests and mass spectrometry, have been approved for clinical use and have improved the speed and accuracy of pathogen identification from primary cultures. Optimization for direct urine testing would reduce the time to diagnosis, yet these technologies do not provide comprehensive information on antimicrobial susceptibility. Emerging technologies including biosensors, microfluidics, and other integrated platforms could improve UTI diagnosis via direct pathogen detection from urine samples, rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and point-of-care testing. Successful development and implementation of these technologies has the potential to usher in an era of precision medicine to improve patient care and public health.

\"This textbook is comprised of twelve chapters, each one representing a well-defined sequence of measurements and analyses. The laboratory textbook is designed to be a companion to photovoltaics lecture sequence covering the sun as a resource, photovoltaic components, systems, and applications\"-- Provided by publisher.

Background Traditionally, the training of medical laboratory science students has taken place in the laboratory and has been led by academic and pathology experts in a face-to-face context. In recent years, budgetary pressures, increasing student enrolments and limited access to laboratory equipment have resulted in reduced staff-student contact hours in medical laboratory science education. While this restructure in resources has been challenging, it has encouraged innovation in online blended learning. Methods Blended learning histology lessons were implemented in a face-to-face and e-Learning format in a medical laboratory science program to teach tissue morphology and technical procedures outside of the traditional laboratory classroom. Participating students were randomly allocated to either the ‘video’ group ( n  = 14) or the ‘control’ group ( n  = 14). After all students attempted the e-Learning lessons and viewed expert-led video recordings online, students demonstrated their hands-on practical skills in the laboratory. Technical skills, demonstration of safety awareness, and use of histology equipment was captured by video through first person ‘point of view’ recordings for the ‘video’ group only. The ‘control’ group performed the same activities but were not recorded. Prior to summative assessment, the ‘video’ group students had a digital resource portfolio that enabled them to review their skills, receive captured feedback and retain a visual copy of their recorded procedure. Results Results showed that students who participated in the online video format had statistically better practical examination scores and final grades compared to the control group. Conclusion Findings from this study suggest that students are engaged and motivated when being taught in a blended learning format and respond positively to the use of video recordings with expert feedback for the initial learning of hands-on techniques. For the academic, developing a blended learning medical laboratory science program, which includes annotated virtual microscopy, video demonstrations, and online interactive e-Learning activities, provides an effective and economic approach to learning and teaching.

\"This book provides applications of soft computing techniques related to healthcare systems and can be used as a reference guide for assessing the roles that various techniques such as machine learning, fuzzy logic, and statistical mathematics play in the advancements of smart healthcare systems. The book presents the basics as well as the advanced concepts to help beginners, as well as industry professionals get up to speed on the latest developments in healthcare systems. The book will examine descriptive, predictive, and social network techniques, as well as provide a discussion on analytical tools and the important role they play in finding solutions to problems in healthcare systems\"-- Provided by publisher.

In the field of science education, laboratory learning environment has gained renewed interest in the recent decade. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among students’ conceptions of science laboratory learning, perceptions of the science laboratory learning environment, and their academic self-efficacy in science learning by adopting the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. A total of 513 senior high school students (262 females) in Taiwan were invited to participate in this survey study. Three instruments were adapted and implemented to investigate the aim of the study (i.e. the conceptions of science laboratory learning questionnaire, the science laboratory environment inventory, and the academic self-efficacy in science learning questionnaire). The results indicated that the students’ conceptions of science laboratory learning made a significant contribution to their perceptions of the science laboratory environment, which consequently fostered their science learning self-efficacy. More specifically, students with conceptions of science laboratory learning as reviewing their prior learning profiles tended to highlight the “student cohesiveness,” “integration,” and “material environment” aspects of the laboratory environment. Moreover, students who held personal ideas of science laboratory learning as acquiring manipulative skills tended to perceive actual science laboratory environments as much more open-ended and to attain advanced academic science learning self-efficacy. In addition, those students who viewed laboratory learning as achieving in-depth understanding, and who perceived that laboratory activities are guided by clear rules, were prone to express a stronger sense of academic self-efficacy. Based on the results, practical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

\"During World War II, when the newly minted Jet Propulsion Laboratory needed quick-thinking mathematicians to calculate jet velocities and plot missile trajectories, they recruited an elite group of young women--known as human computers--who, with only pencil, paper, and mathematical prowess, transformed rocket design and helped bring about America's first ballistic missiles. But they were never interested in developing weapons--their hearts lay in the dream of space exploration. So when JPL became part of a new agency called NASA, the computers worked on the first probes to the moon, Venus, Mars, and beyond. Later, as digital computers largely replaced human ones, JPL was unique in training and retaining its brilliant pool of women. They became the first computer programmers and engineers, and through their efforts, we launched the ships that showed us the contours of our solar system. For the first time, Rise of the Rocket Girls tells the stories of these women who charted a course not only for the future of space exploration but also for the prospects of female scientists. Based on extensive research and interviews with the living members of the team, Rise of the Rocket Girls offers a unique perspective on the role of women in science, illuminating both where we've been and the far reaches of space to where we're heading.\"--Dust jacket.

The role of laboratory medicine is essential in healthcare, since in vitro diagnostic testing represents now an unavoidable part of reasoning and clinical decision making. Laboratory tests are an essential part of most care pathways, aimed at optimizing resource utilization and improving patient outcome. The activity of laboratory professionals is interconnected with all medical disciplines, and provides a crucial support for ordering the right test, for the right patient and at the right time, but also helps interpreting and using laboratory data. Although recent advancement in laboratory medicine, catalyzed by technical innovations and development of innovative tests, have promoted a substantial revolution in the organization of clinical laboratories, the future of this profession seems still ambiguous. We have hence developed a “manifesto” of laboratory medicine, meant to promote an innovative prospect of our discipline and encouraging the establishment of a new generation of laboratory professionals and managers.