Explore the vast range of titles available.

Purpose In the present paper, the three-phase-lag (3PHL) model, Green-Naghdi theory without energy dissipation (G-N II) and Green-Naghdi theory with energy dissipation (G-N III) are used to study the influence of the gravity field on a two-temperature fiber-reinforced thermoelastic medium. Design/methodology/approach The analytical expressions for the displacement components, the force stresses, the thermodynamic temperature and the conductive temperature are obtained in the physical domain by using normal mode analysis. Findings The variations of the considered variables with the horizontal distance are illustrated graphically. Some comparisons of the thermo-physical quantities are shown in the figures to study the effect of the gravity, the two-temperature parameter and the reinforcement. Also, the effect of time on the physical fields is observed. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this model is a novel model of plane waves of two-temperature fiber-reinforced thermoelastic medium, and gravity plays an important role in the wave propagation of the field quantities. It explains that there are significant differences in the field quantities under the G-N II theory, the G-N III theory and the 3PHL model because of the phase-lag of temperature gradient and the phase-lag of heat flux.

The duration of lag phase can be used as an organismal fitness marker; however, it is often underreported as its estimation may be challenging and method and parameters dependent. Moreover, there are no publicly available tools to calculate lag duration by different methods. We developed a shiny‐based web application (https://microbialgrowth.shinyapps.io/lag_calulator/) where the lag duration can be calculated based on the user‐specified growth curve data, and for various explicitly specified methods, parameters and data preprocessing techniques. Additionally, we release an R package ‘miLAG’ that can be further customised and developed. We also describe in short the assumptions, advantages and disadvantages of the most popular lag calculation methods and propose a decision tree to choose a method most suited to one's data. Finally, we show some working examples of how to calculate lag duration using our shiny server.

Using a technique that accounts for disappearing phase-lag might lead to the elimination of phase-lag and all of its derivatives up to order four. The new technique known as the cost-efficient approach aims to improve algebraic order ( AOR ) and decrease function evaluations ( FEvs ). The one-of-a-kind approach is shown by Equation PF 4 DPHFITN 142 SPS . This method is endlessly periodic since it is P-Stable . The proposed method may be used to solve many different types of periodic and/or oscillatory problems. This innovative method was used to address the difficult issue of Schrödinger-type coupled differential equations in quantum chemistry. The new technique might be seen as a cost-efficient solution since it only requires 5 FEvs to execute each step. We are able to greatly ameliorate our current situation with an AOR of 14.

Applying a phase-fitting method might potentially vanish the phase-lag and its first derivative. Improving algebraic order ( AOR ) and decreasing function evaluations ( FEvs ) are the goals of the new strategy called the cost-efficient approach . Equation PF 1 DPHFITN 142 SPS demonstrates the unique method. The suggested approach is P-Stable , meaning it is indefinitely periodic. The proposed method is applicable to a wide variety of periodic and/or oscillatory issues. The challenging problem of Schrödinger-type coupled differential equations was solved in quantum chemistry by using this novel approach. Since the new method only needs 5 FEvs to run each stage, it may be considered a cost-efficient approach . With an AOR of 14, we can significantly improve our present predicament.

Applying a phase-fitting method might potentially vanish the phase-lag and its first derivative. Improving algebraic order ( AOR ) and decreasing function evaluations ( FEvs ) are the goals of the new strategy called the cost-efficient approach . Equation PF 2 DPHFITN 142 SPS demonstrates the unique method. The suggested approach is P-Stable , meaning it is indefinitely periodic. The proposed method is applicable to a wide variety of periodic and/or oscillatory issues. The challenging problem of Schrödinger-type coupled differential equations was solved in quantum chemistry by using this novel approach. Since the new method only needs 5 FEvs to run each stage, it may be considered a cost-efficient approach . With an AOR of 14, we can significantly improve our present predicament.

The phase lag and its first derivative can all vanish when utilising a phase-fitting strategy. Since the new method employs the highest possible algebraic order ( AOR ) while simultaneously requiring the fewest possible function evaluations ( FEvs ), it has been termed the economical method . A formula of PF 1 DPFN 142 SPS represents this novel approach. The P-Stable method is the one that is being proposed (i.e. infinitely periodic). Numerous issues with periodic and/or oscillating solutions can be addressed with the proposed method. We took this novel strategy to solve the difficult problem of Schrödinger—type coupled differential equations in quantum chemistry. The new tactic is known as a economic algorithm since it requires just 5 FEvs at each stage to reach a 14 AOR .

This paper concerns the study of heat distribution in skin tissue with constant and sinusoidal heat flux at the skin surface. Three types of heat transfer models, i.e., Pennes bioheat model, single-phase lag model, and dual-phase lag model based on Fourier and non-Fourier heat conduction, are taken into consideration. Also, Fourier, as well as non-Fourier boundary conditions, are considered at both the end of skin tissue for the single and dual-phase lag model of heat conduction. The resulting models are solved using finite difference and radial basis function (RBF) approximations for the temporal and spatial variables, respectively. The effects of these three models and other parameters involved in models on heat transfer in skin tissue are studied. The effects of Fourier and non-Fourier boundary conditions on heat transfer for single and dual-phase lag models are also studied. •Parabolic, single-phase lag, and dual-phase lag model of heat conduction are considered.•Constant and sinusoidal heating on the skin surface are considered.•Fourier and non-Fourier boundary conditions are considered.•The numerical solution of the model is obtained using FDM and Gaussian RBF.•The effects of phase lags, BCs, and three heat conduction models are studied.

A phase-fitting approach allows vanishing for not only the phase lag but also its first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth derivatives to be considered. The new technique is dubbed economical method because it uses the maximum possible algebraic order ( AOR ) while simultaneously performing the fewest possible function evaluations ( FEvs ). The formula for this innovative method is PF 6 DPFN 2 SPS . The proposed technique is P-Stable (i.e. infinitely periodic). The proposed approach can be used to solve a variety of problems with periodic and/or oscillating solutions. To address the intractable nature of Schrödinger-type coupled differential equations in quantum chemistry, we adopted this unique approach. The new strategy is classified as a economic algorithm since it uses 5 FEvs at each step to achieve a 12 AOR .

The phase-lag and all of its derivatives (first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth) might be eliminated using a phase-fitting technique. The new approach, which is referred to as the economical method , targets maximizing algebraic order ( AOR ) and reducing function evaluations ( FEvs ). The one-of-a-kind approach is demonstrated by Equation PF 6 DPFN 142 SPS .The proposed method is infinitely periodic i.e. P-Stable . To many periodic and/or oscillatory problems, the suggested strategy can be applied. Using this innovative method, the difficult issue of Schrödinger-type coupled differential equations was tackled in quantum chemistry. Every step of the new approach only requires 5 FEvs to execute, making it a economic algorithm . By accomplishing a AOR of 14, this allows us to greatly enhance our current situation.

399 I. 400 II. 401 III. 402 IV. 402 V. 404 VI. 405 VII. 406 VIII. 406 IX. 407 X. 409 XI. 409 410 References 410 SUMMARY: Phenology refers to the study of seasonal schedules of organisms. Molecular phenology is defined here as the study of the seasonal patterns of organisms captured by molecular biology techniques. The history of molecular phenology is reviewed briefly in relation to advances in the quantification technology of gene expression. High‐resolution molecular phenology (HMP) data have enabled us to study phenology with an approach of in natura systems biology. I review recent analyses of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a temperature‐responsive repressor of flowering, along the six steps in the typical flow of in natura systems biology. The extensive studies of the regulation of FLC have made this example a successful case in which a comprehensive understanding of gene functions has been progressing. The FLC‐mediated long‐term memory of past temperatures creates time lags with other seasonal signals, such as photoperiod and short‐term temperature. Major signals that control flowering time have a phase lag between them under natural conditions, and hypothetical phase lag calendars are proposed as mechanisms of season detection in plants. Transcriptomic HMP brings a novel strategy to the study of molecular phenology, because it provides a comprehensive representation of plant functions. I discuss future perspectives of molecular phenology from the standpoints of molecular biology, evolutionary biology and ecology.