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"Language and ethics."
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Major versus Minor?
Do the notions of \"World Lingua Franca\" and \"World Literature\" now need to be firmly relegated to an imperialist-cum-colonialist past? Or can they be rehabilitated in a practical and equitable way that fully endorses a politics of recognition? For scholars in the field of languages and literatures, this is the central dilemma to be faced in a world that is increasingly globalized. In this book, the possible banes and benefits of globalization are illuminated from many different viewpoints by scholars based in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania. Among their more particular topics of discussion are: language spread, language hegemony, and language conservation; literary canons, literature and identity, and literary anthologies; and the bearing of the new communication technologies on languages and literatures alike. Throughout the book, however, the most frequently explored opposition is between languages or literatures perceived as \"major\" and others perceived as \"minor\", two terms which are sometimes qualitative in connotation, sometimes quantitative, and sometimes both at once, depending on who is using them and with reference to what.
eBook
Sign Studies and Semioethics
This book examines the issues surrounding the problematic perpetuation of dominant sign systems through the framework of 'semioethics'.Semioethics is concerned with using semiotics as a powerful tool to critique the status quo and move beyond the reproduction of the dominant order of communication.
eBook
Lying and Insincerity
This book is a comprehensive study of lying and insincere language use. Part I is dedicated to developing an account of insincerity qua linguistic phenomenon. It provides a detailed theory of the distinction between lying and ways of speaking insincerely without lying, as well as accounting for the relation between lying and deceiving. A novel theory of assertion in terms of a notion of what is said defined relative to questions under discussion is used to underpin the analysis of lying and insincerity throughout the book. The framework is applied to various kinds of insincere speech, including false implicature, bullshitting, and forms of misleading with presuppositions, prosodic focus, and different types of semantic incompleteness. Part II discusses the relation between what is communicated and the speaker’s attitudes involved in insincere language use. It develops a view on which insincerity is a shallow phenomenon in the sense that whether or not a speaker is being insincere depends on the speaker’s conscious attitudes, rather than on deeper, unconscious attitudes or motivations. An account of a range of ways of speaking while being indifferent toward what one communicates is developed, and the phenomenon of bullshitting is distinguished from lying and other forms of insincerity. This includes insincere uses of language beyond the realm of declarative sentences. The book gives an account of insincere uses of interrogative, imperative, and exclamative utterances.
eBook
Radical media ethics : a global approach
\"Provides guiding principles and values for practising responsible global media ethics\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Les fidelites du poete
« La façon dont on parle, c’est cela l’éthique » (Giorgio Agamben) « Buter contre les limites du langage, c’est l’éthique » (Ludwig Wittgenstein). Depuis le milieu du XIX e siècle, la poésie française n’a cessé d’en rabattre dans ses espérances et de réviser à la baisse ses prétentions, telles qu’avait pu les exalter le romantisme : ouvrir un accès à l’idéalité, réinventer la vie, chasser les tyrans, éradiquer le mal, conduire les peuples vers la lumière, et conférer un semblant d’immortalité aux objets de son chant… De moins en moins capable de célébration, moins harmonieuse, moins élevée, parlant …
Journal Article
In Conversation with Artificial Intelligence: Aligning language Models with Human Values
Large-scale language technologies are increasingly used in various forms of communication with humans across different contexts. One particular use case for these technologies is conversational agents, which output natural language text in response to prompts and queries. This mode of engagement raises a number of social and ethical questions. For example, what does it mean to align conversational agents with human norms or values? Which norms or values should they be aligned with? And how can this be accomplished? In this paper, we propose a number of steps that help answer these questions. We start by developing a philosophical analysis of the building blocks of linguistic communication between conversational agents and human interlocutors. We then use this analysis to identify and formulate ideal norms of conversation that can govern successful linguistic communication between humans and conversational agents. Furthermore, we explore how these norms can be used to align conversational agents with human values across a range of different discursive domains. We conclude by discussing the practical implications of our proposal for the design of conversational agents that are aligned with these norms and values.
Journal Article