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A Bibliometric Analysis of Language Legislation Research From 2005 to 2023
Language legislation, given its importance in language rights, has received increasing attention over the past decades. This study offers a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on language legislation from 2005 to 2023. By utilizing VOSViewer and CiteSpace, we have visualized and analyzed the scientific outputs, intellectual structure, and evolving research trends in this field. The main findings are summarized as follows. First, there has been a notable increase in the number of publications on language legislation over the past two decades, with “The Language Situation in Luxembourg” emerging as the most influential publication. Eva Pons Parera stands out as the most prolific author, while the Journal of Language and Law is identified as the most impactful journal. The University of Barcelona and Spain are recognized as the leading institution and country in terms of productivity. Second, the central areas in language legislation research include language and law, and the sociology of language, with the multilingual legislation, the multi-domain application of language legislation, and the advocacy for language rights among minority groups are pinpointed as the hotspots. Third, future research is likely to center on the formulation, implementation and evaluation of language laws, especially concerning minority and disabled groups; the protection of language rights; and the management of linguistic pluralism on an international scale. Overall, these findings provide a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders, offering insights into the current state and future directions of language legislation research.
Plain language summary
Global Research Pattern of Language Legislation (2005–2023)
The study examines academic publications on language legislation from 2005 to 2023, revealing the scientific outputs, intellectual structure, and evolving research trends in this field. It finds that interest in language legislation has surged, with “The Language Situation in Luxembourg” being the most impactful publication. Eva Pons Parera is the most productive author, and the Journal of Language and Law is the most influential journal. The University of Barcelona and Spain are the leading institution and country in this area of research respectively. Besides, key areas of focus in language legislation research include the relationship between language and law and the sociology of language. The study highlights multilingual legislation, the broad application of language legislation, and the advocacy for minority language rights as key areas of interest. Finally, the study suggests that research will focus on the development, implementation, and evaluation of language laws; the protection of language rights; the management of linguistic diversity; and the examination of language legislation within international organizations.
Journal Article
Detached implementation: Discourse and practice in minority language use in Romania
The paper focuses on minority language policy implementation in Romania. Although the policy framework of minority language use is considered quite satisfying by many authors, a deeper analysis reveals significant problems in the implementation of these policies. Based on implementation research, the paper reveals the hidden mechanism of language policy in Romania. First, it presents evidence that without clear guidelines and tools for accountability, state authorities leave room for negotiation, and municipalities can choose whether they want to implement minority language use provisions or not. Second, rather counterintuitively, in many cases Hungarian settlements do not implement it either. All explanations point toward the fact that Hungarian political elites fail to create public pressure to force implementation, thus they choose to keep claims regarding minority language use in the symbolic and political realm. Moreover, it argues that policy implementation is not always a necessary condition for successful claim making, as the two domains are not always linked by the public. Also, it underlines the importance of micro-level analysis in the case of minority language policies, which can be achieved by putting more focus on implementation research, instead of legal and policy-based macro-analysis.
Journal Article
Normative language policy and minority language rights: rethinking the case of regional languages in France
Building on the emerging notion of ‘normative language policy’, this article seeks to contribute to the further development of an integrated framework for researching the ethics of language policy and planning. Using the case of minority language rights in France as an example, it demonstrates the benefit of combining context-sensitive or empirical approaches as traditionally used in language policy and planning research with a nuanced normative ethical analysis as employed in political philosophy and political theory. After outlining the foundational work on minority rights that has emerged within contemporary liberal theory in particular, it considers some limitations of this work in the French context specifically. It then examines ways that recent theoretical advances in liberal theory can nonetheless shed new light on the minority languages debate in France. It concludes with a critical overview of a new model for the management of the country’s regional languages recently proposed within republican theory, as a further example of the benefits of a normative language policy approach.
Journal Article
Language rights and the Council of Europe
Debates on language rights as integral elements of human rights have gathered momentum since the early 1990s. International organisations such as the Council of Europe (CoE) and the United Nations (UN) have advocated linguistic rights through various charters and conventions, albeit with wavering levels of success. This article focuses specifically on the European context and the manner in which the CoE has dealt with language rights in the continent. The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), the European Charter for Regional and Minority languages (ECRML) and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (FCPNM) are discussed in light of the region’s contemporary linguistic makeup. Current inequalities in the application of language recognition provide an area of special concern. For example, while speakers of ‘indigenous’ (or autochthonous) minority languages have apparently enjoyed an improving status in recent decades, the position of immigrant (or allochthonous) languages is less clear and current approaches largely ignore linguistic diversity which has been brought by recent mass migration patterns, leading to a somewhat exclusionary system. Through the discussion possible pathways for better inclusion of immigrant languages within current international frameworks, especially those of the CoE, are explored.
Journal Article
Literature and Human Rights
The idea of human rights is not new. But the importance of taking rights seriously has never been more urgent. The eighteen essays which comprise Literature and Human Rights are written as a contribution to this vital debate. Each moreover is written in the spirit of interdisciplinarity, reaching across the myriad constitutive disciplines of law, literature and the humanities in order to present an array of alternative perspectives on the nature and meaning of human rights in the modern world. The taking of human rights seriously, it will be suggested, depends just as much on taking seriously the idea of the human as it does the idea of rights.
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