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Theodore Boone : the accomplice
\"When his best friend Woody is arrested--an unwitting accomplice to a robbery--Theodore Boone must work to prove his innocence\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Learning to Be Illegal: Undocumented Youth and Shifting Legal Contexts in the Transition to Adulthood
This article examines the transition to adulthood among 1.5-generation undocumented Latino young adults. For them, the transition to adulthood involves exiting the legally protected status of K to 12 students and entering into adult roles that require legal status as the basis for participation. This collision among contexts makes for a turbulent transition and has profound implications for identity formation, friendship patterns, aspirations and expectations, and social and economic mobility. Undocumented children move from protected to unprotected, from inclusion to exclusion, from de facto legal to illegal. In the process, they must learn to be illegal, a transformation that involves the almost complete retooling of daily routines, survival skills, aspirations, and social patterns. These findings have important implications for studies of the 1.5- and second-generations and the specific and complex ways in which legal status intervenes in their coming of age. The article draws on 150 interviews with undocumented 1.5-generation young adult Latinos in Southern California.
Journal Article
Repressive Legalism: How Postsecondary Administrators' Responses to On-Campus Hate Speech Undermine a Focus on Inclusion
Guided by legal, sociolegal, and higher education concepts, we use an embedded case study of university administrators at a public institution to examine how they negotiate and institutionalize principles of freedom of expression and inclusion in responses to the proliferation of on-campus hate speech following the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Our findings reveal that an institution's legal context and administrators' interpretations of law and lawrelated pressures shape their understanding of hate speech-related incidents, and the permissible responses, in ways that make it nearly impossible to consider and implement inclusion-focused practices. We advance the concept of \"repressive legalism\" to explain these dynamics and discuss implications for policies and practices that support both open, robust expression and inclusion for students of color.
Journal Article
709 ‘What can go wrong?’ Analysis of slips and errors in documentation of drugs in a tertiary paediatric unit, Sri Lanka
Drug prescription by a medical officer till delivery of medications by a nursing officer possesses many avenues for mistakes. Medications are copied to the drug chart by nursing officers. The fact that paediatric medications are dispensed in specific dosages for different children according to the body weight increases the error margin further.Our audit aimed to analyze the degree of adherence of documentation of medications in the drug chart to the standard protocols.MethodsA retrospective study was done over one month at the Professorial Paediatric Unit, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Srilanka. A data collection form based on WHO standards (Guide to good prescribing) was used. The following components were assessed in 200 drug charts: Patient (name, age, bed head ticket number, weight), General (date, legibility, documentation of allergies, signature of the prescriber) and Drug (generic name, route, dose, frequency, abbreviations).Results923 drugs were prescribed in 200 Bed Head Tickets(BHT) with the mean number of approximately 5 drugs per BHT. 88.5% of prescriptions contained at least one error. Patients’ details were mentioned virtually in all BHTs, except the weight of the patient – 17% of prescriptions did not contain. Date was not mentioned only in 4 (2%) drug charts and legible hand writing reached the high standards(98.5%). Allergies were documented in 3.5% of drug charts, yet questioning the certainty of non-allergies as they were not documented.Out of 923 drugs, paracetamol and antibiotics were prescribed mostly, accounting 17% each, followed by bronchodilators (14%). Spelling mistakes were noted in 15.6% of the total prescribed drugs with antibiotics (40.2%) and antihistamines (20.8%) having the highest errors. Usage of abbreviations was noted in 15% of total drugs prescribed and bronchodilators (61.9%) contributed to the highest. Trade names were used in 8.3% of prescriptions, especially in prescribing vitamins and probiotics. Route, dose and frequency were documented and contributed to 56.5%, 72% and 89.5% respectively. Incorrect dose (2.9%) and frequency (1%) were minimally noted. None contained the prescriber’s signature.ConclusionDeficiencies were identified in adhering to the standards of documentation in all areas which could lead to disastrous as well as legal issues. Documentation standards to be incorporated into medical and nursing curricula. It is vital to disseminate the results among doctors as well as nurses and to carry out regular
Journal Article
Judicial Behavior under Political Constraints: Evidence from the European Court of Justice
The actual impact of judicial decisions often depends on the behavior of executive and legislative bodies that implement the rulings. Consequently, when a court hears a case involving the interests of those controlling the executive and legislative institutions, those interests can threaten to obstruct the court's intended outcome. In this paper, we evaluate whether and to what extent such constraints shape judicial rulings. Specifically, we examine how threats of noncompliance and legislative override influence decisions by the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Based on a statistical analysis of a novel dataset of ECJ rulings, we find that the preferences of member-state governments—whose interests are central to threats of noncompliance and override—have a systematic and substantively important impact on ECJ decisions.
Journal Article
Educational Applications of the ChatGPT AI System: A Systematic Review Research
Background/purpose – ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence program released in November 2022, but even now, many studies have expressed excitement or concern about its introduction into academia and education. While there are many questions to be asked, the current study reviews the literature in order to reveal the potential effects of ChatGPT on education as a whole. The potential implications, possibilities, and concerns about the use of ChatGPT in education are disclosed as mentioned in the literature.Materials/methods – The data of the study were collected and then subjected to a systematic review. Research findings were analyzed according to the themes and categories identified.Results – The results of this research were examined under themes according to the positive and negative aspects of ChatGPT. The positive categories and sub-categories of ChatGPT’s integration into education were determined, and the relationship between education and artificial intelligence determined. Similarly, the negative category highlighted the potential negative impact of artificial intelligence on educational processes.Conclusion – The reviewed research evaluated and discussed the impact of AI on education and training processes. In conclusion, this review revealed the critical applications of ChatGPT for educational settings and the potential negative impact of its application. The findings established how ChatGPT and its derivatives would create a new paradigm in education as a whole.
Journal Article
Don’t Be Evil: Should We Use Google in Schools?
Google is a multinational technology company whose massive advertising profits have allowed them to expand into many areas, including education. While the company has increasingly faced public scrutiny, the use of Google software and hardware in schools has often resulted in little debate. In this paper, we conduct a technoethical audit of Google to address ethical, legal, democratic, economic, technological, and pedagogical concerns educators, students, and community members might consider. We describe how Google extracts personal data from students, skirts laws intended to protect them, targets them for profits, obfuscates the company's intent in their Terms of Service, recommends harmful information, and distorts students’ knowledge. We propose that educators and scholars more closely interrogate the tools of Google and other technology companies to move toward more democratic and just uses of technology in schools.
Journal Article
Variables determinantes que predicen el rendimiento de los clubes de fútbol profesional en la Primera División de Etiopía
Introduction: Managing soccer clubs is a challenging and rewarding experience, requiring a combination of leadership skills and strategic decision-making. Objective: This study investigated professional soccer club performance determinants in the Ethiopian Premier League. Methodology: This study investigated professional soccer club performance determinants in the Ethiopian Premier League. A correlational analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the variables and the performance of soccer clubs. Thirty-nine seven-point Likert scale questionnaires, deemed reliable (α = .91), were used to collect data from a sample of 214 participants selected through a simple random sampling method. Frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, correlations, and multiple linear regression analyses (with a significance level of P < 0.05) were performed using SPSS version 26 software. Results: There was a negative correlation between the performance of soccer clubs and fan influence (r = (214) -.170, p < .05); financing (r = (214) -.394, p < .01); club history (r = (214) -.106, p > .05); game situations (r = (214) -.480, p < .01); human capital (r = (214) -.024, p > .05); media (r = (214) -.365, p < .01); legal issues (r = (214) -.406, p < .01); and leadership and governance (r = (214) -.139, p < .05), respectively. Furthermore, eight predictors collectively explained 44.7% of the variance (F (8, 214) = 22.537, p < .001). Discussion: The study reveals that factors like financing, game situations, media, and legal issues significantly influence soccer club performance, accounting for nearly half of its variability. Conclusions: The study found that game situation, financial capability, and legal issues significantly impact football club performance, whereas human capital, fan influence, and club history exhibit greater variability.
Journal Article
Impact of teaching, learning, and assessment of medical law on cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills of medical students: a systematic review
Background
It is necessary to improve medical students’ legal cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills to prevent further legal issues in the medical profession. Choosing the proper teaching and assessment methods is crucial in this matter. This study aimed to investigate the impact of teaching, learning, and assessment of medical law on the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills of medical students.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Embass, and Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar search engine using MECIR and PRISMA, AMEE Guide 94 for 1980 to 2022.12.30. Nineteen articles met the inclusion criteria. MERSQI checklist was used to assess the quality of the articles, and URSEC (theoretical underpinning of the development, resources required, setting, educational methods employed, and content) used to assess the risk of educational bias.
Results
Internship courses called Medical Education Humanities and Society (MESH), clinical scenario design, seminars and small group discussions, web-based interactive training, legal training courses, PBL, and mind maps have been used to improve the medico-legal knowledge of medical students. MESH clerkship, simulation of a legal event, medico-legal advocacy program based on interdisciplinary education, group discussion, integration, and court-based learning used to improve student attitudes. Multidisciplinary training, small group discussions after the seminar, mock trial competition, and interdisciplinary education are used to teach psychomotor skills. All studies, except one on knowledge, reported positive effects of legal education on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and legal performance. Written assessments were used for cognitive and affective domains, while performance was assessed by OSCE, simulated court, and evaluation of patient referrals.
Conclusion
There are few studies to examine the cognitive, affective, and legal psychomotor skills of medical students. The texts have not yet fully explored the high level of affective and psychomotor domains, which is evidence of a gap in this sector. Recognizing that medico-legal problems are prevented through proper education and assessment, it is recommended that this area be considered a research priority and that effective educational policies are adopted.
Journal Article
Judicial Specialization and Deference in Asylum Cases on the U.S. Courts of Appeals
Many look to the federal courts as an avenue of control of the growing administrative state. Some advocate the creation of specialized federal courts of appeals in areas such as immigration and social security. Yet, little is known about whether repeat exposure to specific types of cases enables federal judges to overcome doctrines of deference and whether such an effect would be policy-neutral. Gathering a sample of over 4000 cases decided by the U.S. Courts of Appeals between 2002 and 2017, we demonstrate that exposure to asylum cases over time emboldens federal judges to challenge administrative asylum decisions, asserting their personal policy preferences. The effect is particularly strong when the legal issue should prompt deference based on bureaucratic expertise. These findings not only address important questions raised by bureaucracy and court scholars but also inform a salient public debate concerning the proper treatment of those seeking refuge within our borders.
Journal Article