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1. Below-ground resource partitioning is among the most prominent hypotheses for driving the positive biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship. However, experimental tests of this hypothesis in biodiversity experiments are scarce, and the available evidence is not consistent. 2. We tested the hypothesis that resource partitioning in space, in time or in both space and time combined drives the positive effect of diversity on both plant productivity and total community resource uptake. At the community level, we predicted that total community resource uptake and biomass production above- and below-ground will increase with increased species richness or functional group richness. We predicted that, at the species level, resource partition breadth will become narrower, and that overlap between the resource partitions of different species will become smaller with increasing species richness or functional group richness. 3. We applied multiple resource tracers (Li and Rb as potassium analogues, the water isotopologues—H₂¹⁸O and ²H₂O, and ¹⁵N) in three seasons at two depths across a species and functional group richness gradient at a grassland biodiversity experiment. We used this multidimensional resource tracer study to test if plant species partition resources with increasing plant diversity across space, time or both simultaneously. 4. At the community level, total community resource uptake of nitrogen and potassium and above- and below-ground biomass increased significantly with increasing species richness but not with increasing functional group richness. However, we found no evidence that resource partition breadth or resource partition overlap decreased with increasing species richness for any resource in space, time or both space and time combined. 5. Synthesis. These findings indicate that below-ground resource partitioning may not drive the enhanced resource uptake or biomass production found here. Instead, other mechanisms such as facilitation, species-specific biotic feedback or above-ground resource partitioning are likely necessary for enhanced overall ecosystem function.

Let I k k ∈ Z , I k = [ a k , b k ], b k < a k +1 , a k → −∞ ( k → −∞), a k → +∞ ( k → +∞) be a set of disjoint segments of the real axis R . J k = [ b k , a k +1 ], E = ⋃ k ∈ Z J k . We assume that a 0 = −1, b 0 = 1, a 1 = 2 n 0 = def C , b −1 = - 2 n 0 , | I k | = 2 − mα , α > 0 in case I k ⊂ [2 m , 2 m +1 ] or I k ⊂ [−2 m +1 ,−2 m ], m ≥ n 0 . We assume further that there exist k and l such that a k = 2 n and b l = −2 n , for any n ≥ n 0 . The B. Ya. Levin function f E , σ ( z ), σ > 0, is defined to be a function satisfying the following conditions: 1) f E,σ ( z ) is subharmonic on the complex plane C and harmonic on C \\ E ; 2) f E , σ ( z ) = 0, x ∈ E ; f E , σ ( z ) > 0, z ∈ C \\ E ; 3) lim ¯ z → ∞ f E , σ z z = σ , f E , σ z ¯ = f E , σ z ; 4) if g is subharmonic on C , g ( x ) ≤ 0, x ∈ E , and lim ¯ z → ∞ g z z ≤ σ , then g z ≤ f E , σ z , z ∈ C . The B. Ya. Levin function f E , σ ( z ) exists if C 1 | I l | ≥ | J k | ≥ C | I l |, J k , I l ⊂ [2 n , 2 n +1 ] or J k , I l ⊂ [−2 n +1 ,−2 n ], n ≥ n 0 . We prove that if C ≥ c 0 ( α ), then max x ∈ I k f E , σ x ≤ 6 σ I k and describe the behavior of f E, 1 ( z ) in a neighborhood of J k , k ∈ Z .

Many citizens do not realize that policing is inherently, inevitably and desirably a political activity. Frequently it becomes difficult to surmount the politics and egos in order to accomplish law enforcement tasks - and task forces. Nonetheless, it can be done, and must be done. Dr. B. H. Levin heads the Psychology Department at Blue Ridge Community College in Weyers Cave, Va. He also is a reserve major at the Waynesboro, Va., Police Department and is vice chairman of the FBI Futures Working Group. He has had articles on policing organization, leadership and futures published in Police Research & Management, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, Crime and Justice International, The Police Chief, and the Proceedings of the Futures Working Group, among others. Policing is inherently, inevitably and desirably a political activity. Frequently it becomes difficult to surmount the politics and egos in order to accomplish law enforcement tasks - and task forces. Nonetheless, it can be done, and must be done.

A tip arrived this week from the suburban Valley Park retirement enclave of former Post-Dispatch jack-of-all-trades (and master of most) Harry B. Levins.

\"We're a niche port and we sought out someone who wanted to continue that niche,\" [Alan B. Levin] said in a recent interview with the Daily Press. \"Although (Kinder Morgan) doesn't do this kind of work today, they very much want to maintain this operation and grow it because they think it would create opportunities for them elsewhere in the country.\" \"Not unlike what Virginia's attempting to do, we're trying to grow the port and secure it, even though the longshoremen think I have five heads.\" Julius Cephas, president of the International Longshoremen's Association Local No. 1694 in Wilmington, said he's concerned about the job security and benefits of thousands of dockworkers, and he's concerned about the environmental impact that would come if Kinder Morgan converted the Port of Wilmington to primarily an energy products terminal.

Irwin B. Levin, 94, of Pompano Beach, formerly of Pittsburgh, PA, on Friday, February 21.

Mr. [William E. Curry Jr.] said he had planned to seek the nomination for the post of secretary of the state, now held by Julia H. Tashjian of Windsor. But he said he had ''explored the underticket and settled on'' comptroller's race. While the comptroller's office ''has not been highly visible in recent years, I believe that it has more untapped potential than any other office in state government,'' Mr. Curry said at a news conference at the Capitol on Tuesday. ''The fiscal and institutional crises we now face are of the utmost seriousness. This office is thus of the utmost importance.'' ''This may well be a contest in which a primary would add strength to the Democratic ticket by producing the best-qualified candidate and focusing positive attention on the entire Democratic team,'' he added. Mr. [Richard Blumenthal] said 60 percent was a ''totally artificial standard.'' Mr. [Jay B. Levin] said it was important to ''avoid a costly and unnecessary primary at a time when all our resources and attention must be focused on electing a Democratic governor, state officers and General Assembly this November.''