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Cruising the Library
Cruising the Library examines the ways in which library classifications have organized sexuality and sexual perversion. The author studies the Library of Congress Subject Headings and Classification, as well as the Library of Congress's Delta Collection, a restricted collection of obscenity until 1964.
eBook
Regional disparities in Web of Science and Scopus journal coverage
The two most important citation indexes used by the global science community contain marked regional disparities in their representation of academic journals. Existing work on the geographical coverage of Web of Science and Scopus citation indexes compared their coverage of journals in a small sample of ‘top’ countries. This paper offers the first regional analysis of journal representation in these two indexes across all eight UNESCO world regions, compared to the total number of active Ulrich’s directory academic journals in these regions. Journal lists from 239 countries/territories were collected from Ulrich’s periodical directory and analyzed by region. This enables a comparison of the regional distribution of journals within Web of Science (20,255 matched journals) and Scopus (23,348 matched journals) with those in Ulrich’s directory (83,429 journals). Journals published in Europe, Oceania and North America were more likely to be indexed in Scopus and Web of Science compared to other world regions. Journals published in sub-Saharan Africa were the most underrepresented and were four times less likely to be indexed than those published in Europe. The analysis also offers a quantitative breakdown of journal publication languages, highlighting how Scopus and Web of Science disproportionately index English language publications in all world regions. Finally, the analysis shows how field coverage by Web of Science and Scopus differs between the regions, with the Social Sciences and Humanities still under-represented, in comparison to Natural Sciences and Medical & Health Science.
Journal Article
Identifying interdisciplinary topics and their evolution based on BERTopic
Interdisciplinary topic reflects the knowledge exchange and integration between different disciplines. Analyzing its evolutionary path is beneficial for interdisciplinary research in identifying potential cooperative research direction and promoting the cross-integration of different disciplines. However, current studies on the evolution of interdisciplinary topics mainly focus on identifying interdisciplinary topics at the macro level. More analysis of the evolution process of interdisciplinary topics at the micro level is still needed. This paper proposes a framework for interdisciplinary topic identification and evolutionary analysis based on BERTopic to bridge the gap. The framework consists of four steps: (1) Extract the topics from the dataset using the BERTopic model. (2) Filter out the invalid global topics and stage topics based on lexical distribution and further filter out the invalid stage topics based on topic correlation. (3) Identify interdisciplinary topics based on disciplinary diversity and disciplinary cohesion. (4) Analyze the interdisciplinary topic evolution by inspecting the intensity and content in the evolution, and visualize the evolution using Sankey diagrams. Finally, We conduct an empirical study on a dataset collected from the Web of Science (WoS) in Library & Information Science (LIS) to evaluate the validity of the framework. From the dataset, we have identified two distinct types of interdisciplinary topics in LIS. Our findings suggest that the growth points of LIS mainly exist in the interdisciplinary research topics. Additionally, our analysis reveals that more and more interdisciplinary knowledge needs to be integrated to solve more complex problems. Mature interdisciplinary topics mainly formed from the internal core knowledge in LIS stimulated by external disciplinary knowledge, while promising interdisciplinary topics are still at the stage of internalizing and absorbing the knowledge of other disciplines. The dataset, the code for implementing the algorithms, and the complete experiment results will be released on GitHub at:
https://github.com/haihua0913/IITE-BERT
.
Journal Article
I'll be a librarian
\"Readers follow along on a day in the life of a librarian as a young girl pretends that the family den is a public library. Includes a glossary of library terms and a library scavenger hunt activity\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
ChatGPT is bullshit
Recently, there has been considerable interest in large language models: machine learning systems which produce human-like text and dialogue. Applications of these systems have been plagued by persistent inaccuracies in their output; these are often called “AI hallucinations”. We argue that these falsehoods, and the overall activity of large language models, is better understood as bullshit in the sense explored by Frankfurt (On Bullshit, Princeton, 2005): the models are in an important way indifferent to the truth of their outputs. We distinguish two ways in which the models can be said to be bullshitters, and argue that they clearly meet at least one of these definitions. We further argue that describing AI misrepresentations as bullshit is both a more useful and more accurate way of predicting and discussing the behaviour of these systems.
Journal Article
Educating librarians in the contemporary university : an essay on iSchools and emancipatory resilience in library and information science
Library education is changing. At a time when librarianship is increasingly seen as part of the information industry, Library and Information Science is also searching for its place in a new and rapidly developing university landscape.
This book analyzes the development of the contemporary university in light of present critical social theory, focusing on such aspects as academic acceleration, organizational accretion and the rise of an ”entrepreneurial spirit,” all of which have both epistemological and organizational consequences. Library and Information Science has proven well-suited to meet this development. One way has been through the rapid international growth of the iSchool movement, now counting close to a hundred member schools all across the world. iSchools not only meet the requirements of contemporary university development, but also contribute to a recontextualization of librarianship and library education. As the iSchool movement relates to a view of information as a commodity and the ”iField” to increased economic growth, it recontextualizes the library sector, traditionally connected to democratic development based on the ideas of the Enlightenment.
Educating librarians in the Contemporary University is written from a European perspective, and examples such as the EU research platform, Horizon 2020, Government Research Proposals, and policy documents from European iSchools are used in an attempt to understand the current development in Library and Information Science and its relevance for librarianship. As the European Research and Development Sector increasingly connects universities to the solution of various ”social challenges” with emphasis on commercial collaborations, the view on knowledge and use of university resources are affected in a way which seemingly make critical analyses difficult.
Questions are asked about the relation between iSchools, late capitalism and the development of Critical Librarianship. Is there a way of fulfilling the ambitions of the critical theory classics and achieve research and an education environment which encourage emancipatory goals within the iSchool movement?
eBook