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This paper discusses the potential of an international agreement to ensure equitable vaccine distribution, addressing the failures witnessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. COVAX was unable to prevent vaccine monopolization and unequal distribution, which led to significant disparities in vaccination rates and avoidable deaths. Any future agreement on equitable vaccine distribution must address ethical and practical issues to ensure global health equity and access. The proposed agreement should recognize healthcare as a human right and consider vaccines beyond mere commodities, emphasizing the social responsibility of pharmaceutical companies to prioritize affordability, availability, and accessibility, particularly for low-income countries (LICs). Voluntary licensing agreements are suggested as a means to enhance access to essential medicines. The paper also outlines the necessity of international cooperation, with robust compliance mechanisms, to effectively enforce such an agreement and mitigate future health crises. Keywords: COVAX, Vaccine Agreement, Equitable Vaccine Distribution, Pharmaceutical Companies, Voluntary Licensing Agreements, Pandemic Preparedness

A new edition of the trusted book on intellectual property Intellectual Property simplifies the process of attaching a dollar amount to intellectual property and intangible assets, be it for licensing, mergers and acquisitions, loan collateral, investment purposes, and determining infringement damages. Written by Russell L. Parr, an expert in the valuation/intellectual property field, this book comprehensively addresses IP Valuation, the Exploitation Strategies of Licensing and Joint Ventures, and determination of Infringement Damages. The author explains commonly used strategies for determining the value of intellectual property, as well as methods used to set royalty rates based on investment rates of returns. This book examines the business economics of strategies involving intellectual property licensing and joint ventures, provides analytical models that can be used to determine reasonable royalty rates for licensing and for determining fair equity splits in joint venture arrangements. Key concepts in this book are brought to life by presenting real-world examples of exploitation strategies being used by major corporations. * Provides practical tools for and examines the business economics for determining the value intellectual property in licensing and joint venture decisions * Presents analytical models for determining reasonable royalty rates for licensing and for determining fair equity splits in joint venture arrangements * Provides a detailed discussion about determining intellectual property infringement damages focusing on lost profits and reasonable royalties.

The evolution of online media delivery methods and the ubiquity of mobile devices has led to a shift in user preferences away from physical formats to freely accessible streaming content via sites like YouTube and Spotify and downloads from sites like iTunes. This progression has also resulted in content that libraries are precluded from owning due to prohibitive end-user license agreements. As a result, academic libraries must reexamine the role and objectives of their media collections as well as barriers to their use. This article presents the findings of a survey of North American music media selectors and provides a baseline context for the current and changing state of their collections and collecting habits. It finds that librarians are still actively collecting physical formats even though collection use is shrinking. In addition, they feel local pressures related to budgets, space, and preservation. Librarians have reservations about the costs and stability of commercial streaming products and what that means for creating unique collections. Respondents articulated numerous questions that the library profession should be asking itself and library patrons about the future of academic music media collections. Several possible approaches to these issues are put forth.