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result(s) for
"Life support systems (Space environment)"
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Spacewalks
What's a spacewalk? Step outside your space vehicle, and you're spacewalking! Whether you're collecting samples, fixing equipment, or sightseeing, spacewalking is an out-of-this-world experience!
Book
Far Beyond the Moon
From the beginning of the space age, scientists and engineers have
worked on systems to help humans survive for the astounding 28,500
days (78 years) needed to reach another planet. They've imagined
and tried to create a little piece of Earth in a bubble travelling
through space, inside of which people could live for decades,
centuries, or even millennia. Far Beyond the Moon tells
the dramatic story of engineering efforts by astronauts and
scientists to create artificial habitats for humans in orbiting
space stations, as well as on journeys to Mars and beyond. Along
the way, David P. D. Munns and Kärin Nickelsen explore the often
unglamorous but very real problem posed by long-term life support:
How can we recycle biological wastes to create air, water, and even
food in meticulously controlled artificial environments? Together,
they draw attention to the unsung participants of the space
program-the sanitary engineers, nutritionists, plant physiologists,
bacteriologists, and algologists who created and tested artificial
environments for space based on chemical technologies of life
support-as well as the bioregenerative algae systems developed to
reuse waste, water, and nutrients, so that we might cope with a
space journey of not just a few days, but months, or more likely,
years.
eBook
Living in space
\"What's it like to live in space? How long can you stay in space? Discover how astronauts eat, sleep, work, and even exercise in a weightless world\"--Publisher marketing.
Book
Cyanobacteria and Algal-Based Biological Life Support System (BLSS) and Planetary Surface Atmospheric Revitalizing Bioreactor Brief Concept Review
Exploring austere environments required a reimagining of resource acquisition and utilization. Cyanobacterial in situ resources utilization (ISRU) and biological life support system (BLSS) bioreactors have been proposed to allow crewed space missions to extend beyond the temporal boundaries that current vehicle mass capacities allow. Many cyanobacteria and other microscopic organisms evolved during a period of Earth’s history that was marked by very harsh conditions, requiring robust biochemical systems to ensure survival. Some species work wonderfully in a bioweathering capacity (siderophilic), and others are widely used for their nutritional power (non-siderophilic). Playing to each of their strengths and having them grow and feed off of each other is the basis for the proposed idea for a series of three bioreactors, starting from regolith processing and proceeding to nutritional products, gaseous liberation, and biofuel production. In this paper, we discuss what that three reactor system will look like, with the main emphasis on the nutritional stage.
Journal Article
The International Space Station
\"Did you know that the International Space Station is the largest human-made space object? Something that big might seem like it can't move fast-but the ISS cruises through space at about 5 miles (8 km) per second! Spend some time on this massive, speedy space station to learn about how ISS crew members work on incredible science experiments and stop their food from floating away in low gravity. Discover extreme facts about the International Space Station in this fun and kooky book\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Cultivating Sporeless Pleurotus ostreatus (Pearl Oyster) Mushrooms on Alternative Space-Based Substrates under Elevated Carbon Dioxide
Fungi are natural decomposers that degrade organic substrates for growth. On Earth, fungi grow and produce mushrooms on various natural substrates, often with little to no added nutrient supplements. Existing waste substrates found on board the International Space Station (ISS) such as inedible biomass from plants, clothing, and plastic wastes from prepackaged foods could be repurposed for food production and advance the capacity for more sustainable long-duration space missions. The sporeless oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) strain SPX was grown on seven substrates in varied combination recipes to investigate how ISS waste streams could be used to cultivate mushrooms. In addition, food safety analyses were performed to assess the feasibility of mushroom cultivation as a low-risk food option. Results show that waste streams of cotton t-shirts and inedible biomass from plants are potential substrates that could support mushroom cultivation on board the ISS. By using materials that are already available on the station, the upmass needed to support such efforts is reduced and waste products can be recycled to potentially yield more food. This investigation was intended to identify the feasibility of incorporating mushrooms as a potential space crop without the requirement of a large upmass of substrates being brought to the ISS.
Journal Article
What's it like in space? : stories from astronauts who've been there
\"Everyone wonders what it's really like in space, but very few of us every have the chance to experience it firsthand. This captivating illustrated collection brings together stories from dozens of international astronauts who've actually been there, bringing back accounts of the fascinating, weird, often funny and awe inspiring sensations and realities of space travel in and beyond the Earth's orbit.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Bios-3: Siberian Experiments in Bioregenerative Life Support
The Russian experience with the bioregenerative life support system Bios-3 at Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, is reviewed. A brief review of other bioregenerative systems examines Biosphere 2 in Oracle, Arizona, and the Bios-1 and Bios-2 systems that preceded Bios-3. Physical details of the Bios-3 facility are provided. The use of Chlorella and higher plants for gas exchange is examined. Long-term studies of human habitation are discussed. Other topics include microflora in Bios-3, the theory of closed systems, and problems for the future.
Journal Article
Non-destructive real-time analysis of plant metabolite accumulation in radish microgreens under different LED light recipes
The future of human space missions relies on the ability to provide adequate food resources for astronauts and also to reduce stress due to the environment (microgravity and cosmic radiation). In this context, microgreens have been proposed for the astronaut diet because of their fast-growing time and their high levels of bioactive compounds and nutrients (vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, etc.), which are even higher than mature plants, and are usually consumed as ready-to-eat vegetables.
Our study aimed to identify the best light recipe for the soilless cultivation of two cultivars of radish microgreens (Raphanus sativus, green daikon, and rioja improved) harvested eight days after sowing that could be used for space farming. The effects on plant metabolism of three different light emitting diodes (LED) light recipes (L1-20% red, 20% green, 60% blue; L2-40% red, 20% green, 40% blue; L3-60% red, 20% green, 20% blue) were tested on radish microgreens hydroponically grown. A fluorimetric-based technique was used for a real-time non-destructive screening to characterize plant methabolism. The adopted sensors allowed us to quantitatively estimate the fluorescence of flavonols, anthocyanins, and chlorophyll via specific indices verified by standardized spectrophotometric methods. To assess plant growth, morphometric parameters (fresh and dry weight, cotyledon area and weight, hypocotyl length) were analyzed.
We observed a statistically significant positive effect on biomass accumulation and productivity for both cultivars grown under the same light recipe (40% blue, 20% green, 40% red). We further investigated how the addition of UV and/or far-red LED lights could have a positive effect on plant metabolite accumulation (anthocyanins and flavonols).
These results can help design plant-based bioregenerative life-support systems for long-duration human space exploration, by integrating fluorescence-based non-destructive techniques to monitor the accumulation of metabolites with nutraceutical properties in soilless cultivated microgreens.
Journal Article