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Kostbare Manschettenknöpfe : von Pablo Picasso bis James Bond = Precious cufflinks : from Pablo Picasso to James Bond
PRECIOUS METAL, PRECIOUS STONES & JEWELLERY: ARTWORKS & DESIGN. They are one of the highlights of the world of jewellery. From the rectangular to the round and rounded: Cufflinks are timeless eye catchers. Those who adorn their shirt sleeves with such works of art can be sure to attract attention. This knowledgeable publication introduces readers to the world of cufflinks, tracing their story and showing rare designs. Cufflinks are among the few pieces of jewellery worn by men and, like wristwatches, are an essential part of mens fashion. The first cufflinks appeared as early as the seventeenth century, but they did not come into common usage until the late eighteenth century as their development was closely connected to that of mens shirts. Nowadays cufflinks are little artworks that allow men to express their own personality in an understated way. Their design and the materials from which they are made can speak volumes about the wearers preferences, hobbies and profession.
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Optical fiber communication system links performance enhancement for high-speed data transmission through short-reach applications
This paper clarified the optical fiber communication system links the performance signature for short-indoor applications. The electrical propagation delay time is investigated for copper links. The polystyrene optical link propagation delay time is also analyzed. The optical pulse broadening and the data transmission bit rates in the optical links are analyzed. The electrical/optical links performance is discussed with the variations of electrical/optical link variations and ambient temperature variations. The optical link performance efficiency has presented better performance than the electrical links, especially for short-indoor applications.
Journal Article
Wireless Power Transfer Approaches for Medical Implants: A Review
Wireless power transmission (WPT) is a critical technology that provides an alternative for wireless power and communication with implantable medical devices (IMDs). This article provides a study concentrating on popular WPT techniques for IMDs including inductive coupling, microwave, ultrasound, and hybrid wireless power transmission (HWPT) systems. Moreover, an overview of the major works is analyzed with a comparison of the symmetric and asymmetric design elements, operating frequency, distance, efficiency, and harvested power. In general, with respect to the operating frequency, it is concluded that the ultrasound-based and inductive-based WPTs have a low operating frequency of less than 50 MHz, whereas the microwave-based WPT works at a higher frequency. Moreover, it can be seen that most of the implanted receiver’s dimension is less than 30 mm for all the WPT-based methods. Furthermore, the HWPT system has a larger receiver size compared to the other methods used. In terms of efficiency, the maximum power transfer efficiency is conducted via inductive-based WPT at 95%, compared to the achievable frequencies of 78%, 50%, and 17% for microwave-based, ultrasound-based, and hybrid WPT, respectively. In general, the inductive coupling tactic is mostly employed for transmission of energy to neuro-stimulators, and the ultrasonic method is used for deep-seated implants.
Journal Article
Quantum repeaters in space
Long-distance entanglement is a very precious resource, but its distribution is very difficult due to the exponential losses of light in optical fibres. A possible solution consists in the use of quantum repeaters, based on entanglement swapping (ES) or quantum error correction. Alternatively, satellite-based free-space optical links can be exploited, achieving better loss-distance scaling. We propose to combine these two ingredients, quantum repeaters and satellite-based links, into a scheme that allows to achieve entanglement distribution over global distances with a small number of intermediate untrusted nodes. The entanglement sources, placed on satellites, send quantum states encoded in photons towards orbiting quantum repeater stations, where ES is performed. The performance of this repeater chain is assessed in terms of the secret key rate achievable by the BBM92 cryptographic protocol. We perform a comparison with other repeater chain architectures and show that our scheme, even though more technically demanding, is superior in many situations of interest. Finally, we analyse strengths and weaknesses of the proposed scheme and discuss exemplary orbital configurations. The integration of satellite-based links with ground repeater networks can be envisaged to represent the backbone of the future quantum internet.
Journal Article
Orderability of link quandles
The paper develops a general theory of orderability of quandles with a focus on link quandles of tame links and gives some general constructions of orderable quandles. We prove that knot quandles of many fibred prime knots are right-orderable, whereas link quandles of most non-trivial torus links are not right-orderable. As a consequence, we deduce that the knot quandle of the trefoil is neither left nor right-orderable. Further, it is proved that link quandles of certain non-trivial positive (or negative) links are not bi-orderable, which includes some alternating knots of prime determinant and alternating Montesinos links. The paper also explores interconnections between orderability of quandles and that of their enveloping groups. The results establish that orderability of link quandles behaves quite differently than that of corresponding link groups.
Journal Article
Energy-Efficient Emerging Optical Wireless Links
In recent years, the tremendous increase in data traffic carried by wireless communication networks has generated the urgent need for establishing more energy-efficient wireless communication systems. Recent advances in semiconductor and light devices have triggered remarkable research interest to the development of these optical wireless communication (OWC) links. Among them, free-space optical (FSO) links and, more recently, ultraviolet links which operate within the (UV-C) spectral band, have been considered as prime candidates to create both high speed and power effective line-of-sight (LOS) and non-light-of-sight (NLOS) free-air communication links, respectively. Moreover, transdermal optical wireless (TOW) links for telemetry with medical implants minimize the expense of power for the implant. In the current review, a background on the energy efficiency challenges in wireless communication is presented. Each of these OWC technologies is mainly discussed in terms of key energy consumption requirements and major limiting factors that affect their power performance. Energy-efficient modulation formats as well as other powerful techniques for performance enhancement such as diversity and relaying are assessed. The survey is concluded with a discussion regarding their future energy consumption requirements and trends.
Journal Article
Asymptotical Tracking Control of Complex Dynamical Network Based on Links State Observer
This paper studies how to design a control scheme for a complex dynamical network (CDN) such that the state of nodes and links can track on any given reference signals respectively, under the view that the CDN is coupled by the nodes and links. Since the dynamic behavior of the links reflects the changes in network topology(NT), the weights of the links are regarded as state variables of the NT. In addition, since the state of the links is not always avaluable in practical engineering applications, in order to address this problem, this paper provides an asymptotical state observer that uses its observation values to estimate the links state. Based on this, this paper proposes a new control scheme which designs controllers in the nodes and links respectively, to realize the asymptotical tracking control of the nodes and links. In order to understand the NT tracking target, an illustrative example is that the star topology can be chosen as the NT tracking target of communication transmission network for the centralized management. Finally, the validity of the theoretical results is verified by a numerical experiment that applies the control scheme to a helicopter model.
Journal Article
Thin links and Conway spheres
When restricted to alternating links, both Heegaard Floer and Khovanov homology concentrate along a single diagonal $\\delta$-grading. This leads to the broader class of thin links that one would like to characterize without reference to the invariant in question. We provide a relative version of thinness for tangles and use this to characterize thinness via tangle decompositions along Conway spheres. These results bear a strong resemblance to the L-space gluing theorem for three-manifolds with torus boundary. Our results are based on certain immersed curve invariants for Conway tangles, namely the Heegaard Floer invariant $\\operatorname {HFT}$ and the Khovanov invariant $\\widetilde {\\operatorname {Kh}}$ that were developed by the authors in previous works.
Journal Article