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"Liquidity (Finance)"
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Financial stability, liquidity risk and income diversification: evidence from European banks using the CAMELS–DEA approach
Liquidity risk was at the heart of 2007–2008 global financial crisis, which has led to a series of financial institutions failure. We test whether and how liquidity risk impacts European banks’ stability (i.e., a bank risk-return profile) under different levels of engagement in non-traditional banking activities after the global financial crisis and during the implementation of the Basel III liquidity rules. To calculate financial stability, we adopt an efficiency perspective based on the combination of the CAMELS rating system with the data envelopment analysis technique. We implement a nonlinear panel smooth transition regression approach, where transitional factors of income diversification are endogenously captured from the data. We find that, liquidity risk stemming from liquidity creation has a positive impact on bank stability, implying that income diversification can serve as a “buffer” through which banks can ensure their liquidity creation and offset for the compression of intermediation margin in lending and deposit activities. This suggests that diversification does not impede the ability of banks to operate with lower liquidity holdings but allows them to make greater use of their balance sheets to fulfill their primary roles of credit provision and liquidity creation. The results offer interesting implications for regulators and bank managers in managing liquidity risk.
Journal Article
Analyzing the factors influencing adoption intention of internet banking: Applying DEMATEL-ANP-SEM approach
The main purpose of this study is to propose a research model to explore the key factors affecting consumers' willingness to use online banking. There are two stages in this research. Firstly, the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and analytic network process (ANP) were used to explore the key factors of companies in operation of online banking. Secondly, the structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore the key factors of consumers' actual use of online banking. The results showed differences in the factors that companies and consumers adopted. Based on the findings, companies can adjust their business strategies and improve the consumers' willingness of online banking usage. The primary factor valued by both companies and consumers is trust. Hence, in the business of internet banking, the companies must strengthen areas such as liquidity monitoring, information security, and compliance with financial regulations, in order to reduce risks and gain customers' trust.
Journal Article
Financial Integration and Liquidity Crises
This paper analyzes the effects of financial integration on the stability of the banking system. Financial integration allows banks in different regions to smooth local liquidity shocks by borrowing and lending on a world interbank market. We show under which conditions financial integration induces banks to reduce their liquidity holdings and to shift their portfolios toward more profitable but less liquid investments. Integration helps reallocate liquidity when different banks are hit by uncorrelated shocks. However, when a correlated (systemic) shock hits, the total liquid resources in the banking system are lower than in autarky. Therefore, financial integration leads to more stable interbank interest rates in normal times but to larger interest rate spikes in crises. These results hold in a setup in which financial integration is welfare improving from an ex ante point of view. We also look at the model's implications for financial regulation and show that, in a second-best world, financial integration can increase the welfare benefits of liquidity requirements.
Journal Article
Price anchors and short-term reversals
We find that price anchors have a role in understanding short-run reversals in 1-month (1 M) stock returns in conjunction with the well-known liquidity provision channel. Specifically, we determine that 1 M reversal strategies perform much better for stocks that have (a) a low price relative to their 52-week high (George and Hwang) and (b) a low capital gains overhang (Grinblatt and Han). Further, we uncover striking asymmetries in the reversal behavior between past winners and past losers depending upon the stock's price relative to the price reference points. These reversal asymmetries fit with the hypothesized price anchoring biases.
Journal Article
Regulation and Market Liquidity
We examine the effects of postcrisis financial regulation, encompassing the Dodd–Frank Act and Basel III, on market liquidity of the U.S. fixed-income market. We estimate structural breaks in a large panel of liquidity measures of corporate and Treasury bonds. Our methodology does not require a priori knowledge of the timing of breaks, can capture not only sudden jumps but also breaks in slow-moving trends, and displays excellent power properties. Against the popular claim that postcrisis regulation hurt liquidity, we find no evidence of liquidity deterioration during periods of regulatory intervention. Instead, breaks toward higher liquidity are often detected.
The online appendix is available at
https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2876.
This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.
Journal Article
Financial Integration and Liquidity Crises
This paper analyzes the effects of financial integration on the stability of the banking system. Financial integration allows banks in different regions to smooth local liquidity shocks by borrowing and lending on a world interbank market. We show under which conditions financial integration induces banks to reduce their liquidity holdings and to shift their portfolios toward more profitable but less liquid investments. Integration helps reallocate liquidity when different banks are hit by uncorrelated shocks. However, when a correlated (systemic) shock hits, the total liquid resources in the banking system are lower than in autarky. Therefore, financial integration leads to more stable interbank interest rates in normal times but to larger interest rate spikes in crises. These results hold in a setup in which financial integration is welfare improving from an ex ante point of view. We also look at the model’s implications for financial regulation and show that, in a second-best world, financial integration can increase the welfare benefits of liquidity requirements.
The online appendix is available at
https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2841
.
This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Journal Article
Financial Resilience of Cooperative Banks: The Polish Experience
Originality/Value: A characteristic feature of cooperative banks is the possibility of becoming an Associated Bank member. This allows them to rely on additional funding from the Associated Bank where they need financial resources. Besides, Poznanski Bank Spoidzielczy is a member of the SGB Protection System, which was created by a group of cooperative banks in Poland. This institution legally ensures the liquidity and solvency of the banks in the system and can take effective measures to limit risk and ensure the resilience of the cooperative bank. Such an internal structure of supervision over the operations of cooperative banks is a guarantee of stability and resilience of their operation and allows for faster prevention of the impact of negative factors.
Journal Article
Liquidity Provision and the Cross Section of Hedge Fund Returns
I investigate whether hedge funds that supply liquidity earn superior returns. Using transaction data, I find that hedge funds following short-term contrarian strategies (i.e., liquidity suppliers) earn significantly higher returns on their equity trades and holdings. Similarly, using commercial databases, I find that hedge funds with greater exposure to a liquidity provision factor earn significantly higher excess returns and Sharpe ratios. The superior performance of liquidity-supplying hedge funds arises from strategies that are more complex than mechanical short-term reversal strategies. For example, among stocks with similar past returns, liquidity-supplying funds are more likely to trade against stocks heavily traded by constrained mutual funds and less likely to trade against stocks heavily traded by unconstrained mutual funds. The outperformance of liquidity-supplying funds is also concentrated in periods of low funding liquidity, suggesting that less-binding financial constraints contribute to their superior returns.
Journal Article
An Empirical Analysis of the Bid-ask Spread in the Continuous Intraday Trading of the German Power Market
Liquidity is decisive for a well-functioning market. As most of the literature on the subject is based on financial markets, the extrapolation of its insights to the power market is fragile. This paper shows the specificities of liquidity of the German power market. Using the bid-ask spread as a proxy, thanks to the detailed order book for the hourly contracts, I first describe the evolution of the liquidity over the trading session. The bid-ask spread has a \"L-shaped\" pattern over it. Second, 1 identify the four main drivers of the bid-ask spread: the volatility, the adjustments' need (forecast errors), the activity and the concentration of the market. 1 find that an increase of the volatility or the market concentration increases the bid-ask spread while an increase of the adjustments' need or the market activity decreases it.
Journal Article