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"Liquids Storage."
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Dynamic Responses of Sliding Isolation Concrete Liquid Storage Tank under Far-Field Long-Period Earthquake
Under far-field long-period earthquake, liquid storage tanks are easy to be failure because of large amplitude liquid sloshing. In this paper, nonlinear contact is used to simulate behavior of sliding isolation bearing, nonlinear dynamic equation is used to solve fluid-structure interaction, bilinear material model is used to simulate limiting-device, and 3-D calculation model of sliding isolation concrete rectangular liquid storage tank (CRLST) with limiting-devices is established. Firstly, artificial far-field long-period earthquake waves are synthesized based on the existing seismic records. Secondly, dynamic responses of sliding isolation CRLST under the action of short-period and far-field long-period earthquakes are studied. Thirdly, effects of bi-directional earthquake and structure size on dynamic responses are investigated. Lastly, displacement control measures are discussed. Results show that far-field long-period earthquakes mainly affect horizontal displacement of structure and liquid sloshing wave height, and sliding isolation has obvious control effect on liquid sloshing wave height. Besides, horizontal displacement of structure and liquid sloshing wave height are increased with increase of seismic dimension and structure size. The reasonable designs of sliding isolation bearing and limiting-device can solve the problem that the maximum horizontal displacement of sliding isolation CRLST may exceed the limit under far-field long-period earthquake.
Journal Article
Effect of the essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) on rooster sperm motility during 4°C short-term storage
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of
(L.) essential oil on rooster sperm motility during 4°C short-term storage.
essential oil was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to identify the active components. 10 of 45-week-old Hubbard commercial broilers were subjected to biweekly semen collections during 3 weeks. At each collection, sperm was pooled and divided into four aliquots and then diluted with Tris extender supplemented with 870, 87, or 8.7 µg/ml of
essential oil, identified as treatments R, R5, and R10, respectively. Tris-based extender without any supplementation was considered as a control group. Diluted sperm was then stored at 4°C in the refrigerator and analyzed at 0, 6, 24, and 48 h using a computer-assisted sperm analyzer. Different semen parameters were measured including total motility, progressive motility, gametes velocities (straight line velocity [VSL], curvilinear velocity [VCL], and average path velocity [VAP]), amplitude of the lateral head displacement [ALH], and beat-cross frequency [BCF].
The phytochemical analysis of
essential oil revealed the presence of 25 active components including seven major molecules: Camphor (18.88%), camphene (5.17%), 1,8-cineole (7.85%), β-thujene (13.66%), α-thujene (4.87%), chrysanthenone (12.05%), and β-cubenene (7.97%). The results showed a beneficial effect of
essential oil on sperm cells motility, particularly when using the lowest concentrations, 8.7 and 87 µg/ml. Progressive motility and gametes velocities (VCL, VSL, and VAP), materializing the quality of gametes motility, showed highly statistically significant values (p<0.01) in 8.7 and 87 µg/ml treatments, especially from 6 h of storage at 4°C. Conversely, the highest concentration (870 µg/ml) showed harmful effects with a total spermicidal activity after 24 h of storage.
The current results revealed the positive impact of
essential oil on rooster sperm at 4°C short-term storage probably through fighting against oxidative stress and cold shock damages.
Journal Article
Effect of Sperm Concentration and Storage Temperature on Goat Spermatozoa during Liquid Storage
One of the problems with the refrigerated storage of spermatozoa in goats is the short shelf life. The study of the effect of the different storage conditions on the di erent sperm parameters could help to increase sperm survival. In this work, we studied the effect of temperature and sperm concentration during refrigerated storage on sperm motility, mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA fragmentation. We observed that refrigerated storage of semen doses reduced the majority of sperm quality parameters, however, sperm DNA fragmentation was not a ected. Storage at 5ºC preserved higher sperm motility than at 17ºC. Moreover, the reduction of sperm concentration below 500x10(6) sperm/mL did not seem to improve the quality of spermatozoa.
Journal Article
Effect of L-carnitine on sperm quality during liquid storage of boar semen
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of L-carnitine on the pig semen characteristics during storage.
Methods: Spermatozoa samples were examined for spermatozoa quality and then randomly divided into 5 groups: 0 (control), 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mM L-carnitine. Sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and antioxidant parameters (total reactive oxygen species, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde) were evaluated after 0, 3, 5, and 10 day cooled-storage at 17°C. Moreover, ATP content, mitochondria activity as well as sperm-binding and in vitro fertilizing ability of preserved boar sperm were also investigated.
Results: Supplementation with 50 mM L-carnitine could effectively maintain boar sperm quality parameters such as sperm motility and membrane integrity. Besides, we found that L-carnitine had positive effects on boar sperm quality mainly through improving antioxidant capacities and enhancing ATP content and mitochondria activity. Interestingly, by assessing the effect of L-carnitine on sperm fertility and developmental potential, we discovered that the extender containing L-carnitine could improve sperm quality and increase the number of sperms bounding to zona pellucida, without improving in vitro fertility and development potential.
Conclusion: These findings suggested that the proper addition of L-carnitine to the semen extender improved boar sperm quality during liquid storage at 17°C. KCI Citation Count: 15
Journal Article
GPX5-Enriched Exosomes Improve Sperm Quality and Fertilization Ability
Semen preservation quality affects the artificial insemination success rate, and seminal exosomes are rich in various proteins that are transferable to sperm and conducive to sperm-function preservation during storage. However, the specific effects of these proteins remain unclear. In this study, the specific effects of these proteins on semen preservation quality and fertilization capacity were investigated through a proteomic analysis of seminal exosomes from boars with high conception rates (HCRs) and low conception rates (LCRs). The results revealed significant differences in the expression of 161 proteins between the two groups, with the GPX5 level being significantly higher in the HCR group (p < 0.05). The role of GPX5 was further investigated by constructing engineered exosomes enriched with GPX5 (Exo-GPX5), which could successfully transfer GPX5 to sperm. Compared to the control group, Exo-GPX5 could significantly improve sperm motility on storage days 4 and 5 and enhance the acrosome integrity on day 5 (p < 0.05). Additionally, Exo-GPX5 increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of sperm, reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and decreased the expression of antioxidant proteins SOD1 and CAT (p < 0.05). In simulated fertilization experiments, Exo-GPX5-treated sperm exhibited higher capacitation ability and a significant increase in the acrosome reaction rate (p < 0.05). Overall, Exo-GPX5 can improve boar semen quality under 17 °C storage conditions and enhance sperm fertilization capacity.
Journal Article
Seismic Responses of Large Height-Width Ratio Liquid Storage Structure with Base Isolation and Baffles
With the shortage of land resources, the engineering application of large height-width ratio liquid storage structure is of great significance. 3-D numerical calculation models of large height-width ratio liquid storage structure are established by ANSYS. The elements Solid 65 and Solid 185 are used to simulate the concrete and the bearing, while the element Fluid 80 is used to simulate the liquid. The dynamic responses of four types of structure are comparatively investigated, which are non-isolated structure with double baffles, isolated structure with double baffles, non-isolated structure with triple baffles and isolated structure with triple baffles. The results show that under the Tianjin waves, the wall tensile stress of the non-isolated structure with triple baffles is decreased by 50% compared to the non-isolated structure with double baffles, while the wall tensile stresses of the isolated structures with double and triple baffles are increased by 10% and 122%, respectively, compared to those of the non-isolated structures. It is shown that conventional rubber isolation is not suitable for the large height-width ratio liquid storage structures with baffles, where the load-bearing capacity and safety of the structure can be improved by increasing the number of horizontal baffles. Keywords: Liquid storage structure, Base isolation, Shock absorption, Fluid-structure interaction, Dynamic response.
Journal Article
The Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) is present in pig sperm and modulates their physiology over liquid preservation
Liquid storage is the primary preservation method in the swine breeding industry because of its advantages over cryopreservation. Calcium (Ca
2+
), a key regulator of cell physiology, plays a crucial role during liquid preservation. Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca
2+
ATPases (SERCA) belong to a family of P-type ATPases that regulate Ca
2+
homeostasis within cells and have been previously described to play a function in the sperm of various mammalian species. Herein, we hypothesized that SERCA2 is present in pig sperm and is involved in the resilience of this cell to liquid preservation at 17 °C. For this purpose, sperm were incubated with different concentrations of thapsigargin (Thg; 0, 5, 25, and 50 µM) and stored at 17 °C for ten days. The presence and localization of SERCA2 were evaluated using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. On days 0, 4, and 10, sperm motility was assessed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, and sperm viability, membrane lipid disorder, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular levels of Ca
2+
, superoxides and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated by flow cytometry. We localized SERCA2 in the acrosome and midpiece of pig sperm. Furthermore, inhibition of SERCA with Thg resulted in reduced sperm viability and membrane stability, and increased MMP, and Ca
2+
and ROS levels. In conclusion, the activity of SERCA prevents the accumulation of intracellular Ca
2+
in sperm, which is detrimental to sperm quality and function during liquid storage at 17 °C. We thus suggest that the function of SERCA is crucial for the preservation of pig semen.
Journal Article
Liquid CO2 and Liquid Air Energy Storage Systems: A Thermodynamic Analysis
Energy storage is a key factor to confer a technological foundation to the concept of energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables. Their solar dependency (direct radiation, wind, biomass, hydro, etc. …) makes storage a requirement to match the supply and demand, with fulfillment being another key factor. Recently, the most attention is directed toward the direct electrical storage inside batteries, probably driven by interest in the transportation sector, which today is the main focus in the transition path. On the contrary, for the generation of electrical energy and, more generally, for industrial sectors whose CO2 emissions are defined as hard-to-abate, electrical storage is not a feasible answer to many political and non-technological concerns. Therefore, other storage methods must be considered to address excess electricity, the most characteristics of which being both the capacity and rate of charging/delivering. Among the efforts under consideration, the liquid storage of gases at ambient conditions is certainly an interesting option. This is the case with air and CO2. The paper focused on the storage of CO2 in liquid form, comparing its performance with those of air liquefaction, which well-studied in the literature. The paper proposed a novel plant layout design for a liquid CO2 energy storage system that can improve the round-trip efficiency by up to 57%. The system was also compared to a liquid air energy storage unit considering a state-of-the-art level of technology for components, showing better efficiency but lower energy density. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was used to discuss the most relevant variables for a plant design. Particular focus was devoted to the discharging time of the plant, one of the most relevant variables that matches the energy demand.
Journal Article
Heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) is involved in the maintenance of pig sperm function throughout liquid storage at 17 °C
At present, liquid storage is the most efficient method for pig semen preservation. This approach relies upon reducing sperm metabolism, allowing for the maintenance of cell lifespan. In this context, the study of proteins that could protect sperm during liquid storage is of high relevance. The 70 kDa Heat Shock Protein (HSP70) is an anti-apoptotic protein that has been reported to be relevant to sperm survival. Thus, we explored the role of HSP70 during prolonged storage of pig semen at 17 °C. Six semen pools were incubated with YM-1 (0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 μM), an HSP70 inhibitor, and stored at 17 °C for 21 days. On days 0, 4, 10, 14 and 21, sperm quality and function were evaluated through flow cytometry and Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA), and HSP70 activity and chromatin condensation were also determined. While inhibition of HSP70 increased progressive motility, Ca
2+
and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, and mitochondrial activity during the first 10 days of storage, it had a detrimental effect on sperm motility after 14 and 21 days. In spite of this, sperm viability was not altered. We can conclude that HSP70 contributes to the liquid storage of pig semen because it keeps mitochondrial activity low, which is needed for the maintenance of sperm function.
Journal Article