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Various high-k dielectrics have been proposed for AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMTs for gate leakage and drain-current collapse suppression. Hafnium oxide (HfO[sub.2]) is particularly interesting because of its large bandgap, high dielectric constant, and ferroelectricity under specific phase and doping conditions. However, defects and surface scattering caused by HfO[sub.2] dissimilarity and degraded HfO[sub.2]/GaN interface quality still leave the challenge of reducing the SS and R [sub.on]. In this study, we investigated the effects of the first spike-annealed HfO[sub.2] (6 nm) layer, compared with the conventional ALD-HfO[sub.2] (6 nm) layer in the HfO[sub.2] bilayer gate dielectric structure on AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Both devices exhibit negligible hysteresis and near-ideal (~60 mV/dec) subthreshold slopes of more than three orders of magnitude. The device with the first annealed HfO[sub.2] layer exhibited a reduced R [sub.on] with notably less gate bias dependency and enhanced output current. On the other hand, the capacitance–voltage and conductance methods revealed that the border and interface trap densities of the device were inferior to those of the conventional HfO[sub.2] layer. The trade-off between enhanced electrical performance and oxide traps is discussed based on these results.

This study presents broadband ultraviolet photodetectors (BUV PDs) based on Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3]/GaN core-shell micro-nanorod arrays with excellent performance. Micro-Nanoarchitectonics of Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3]/GaN core-shell rod arrays were fabricated with high-temperature oxidization of GaN micro-nanorod arrays. The PD based on the microrod arrays exhibited an ultrahigh responsivity of 2300 A/W for 280 nm at 7 V, the peak responsivity was approximately 400 times larger than those of the PD based on the planar Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3]/GaN film. The responsivity was over 1500 A/W for the 270–360 nm band at 7 V. The external quantum efficiency was up to 1.02 × 10[sup.6]% for 280 nm. Moreover, the responsivity was further increased to 2.65 × 10[sup.4] A/W for 365 nm and over 1.5 × 10[sup.4] A/W for 270–360 nm using the nanorod arrays. The physical mechanism may have been attributed to the large surface area of the micro-nanorods coupled with the Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3]/GaN heterostructure, which excited more photogenerated holes to be blocked at the Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] surface and Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3]/GaN interface, resulting in a larger internal gain. The overall high performance coupled with large-scale production makes it a promising candidate for practical BUV PD.

This is a story of 14 years in American history, the story of prohibition.

Abstract This article looks at the contribution made by the town of Paredes de Nava to the military campaigns of the Infante Fernando -known as «de Antequera»- lord of the town and regent of Castile, against the Nasrid kingdom of Granada in 1407 and 1410. In this regard, we will analyse the election of the combatants, the main contribution of the town in 1410, their permanence in the campaign or their behaviour, in addition to the theoretical time of departure and the itinerary followed. Furthermore, we will briefly examine news concerning the progress of the war that arrived to Paredes, as well as the council's expenses on festivities to celebrate the Castilian victory. Otros ámbitos de la Corona de Castilla también cuentan con alguna escasa aportación bibliográfica, como la que hace Menjot para Murcia con «El peso de la guerra en la economía murciana: el ejemplo de la campaña de 1407-1408 contra Granada»13.

Driving under the influence is starting at now a certified general clinical issue, which is presumably going to rise as one of the most noteworthy issues now. The framework targets decreasing the traffic mishap in the near future due to inebriated and drive. The advancement in utilizing the liquor detector ,a gadget that detects an adjustment in the alcoholic pollen gas substance of the encompassing air these gadget is all the more ordinarily alluded to as a breath investigation, as it examination the liquor content from individual's breath. The framework recognizes the nearness of liquor in the rider and promptly bolts the motor of the vehicle.

A este fin se ha conformado un volumen con treinta y un estudios, que constituye un excelente muestrario de las investigaciones desarrolladas por los actuales integrantes del grupo de investigación «El reino de Sevilla en la Baja Edad Media», así como por algunos otros investigadores que formaron parte del grupo en el pasado o que han mantenido una relación estrecha con él o con la profesora Borrero Fernández en particular. Una de ellas es la historia económica, en la que se enmarcarían algunas aportaciones de sumo interés, como la que centra su atención en la comarca del Aljarafe sevillano en el siglo XIII desde una perspectiva arqueológica (Magdalena Valor Piechotta), la que analiza la respuesta que se dio desde la ciudad de Sevilla a la crisis bajomedieval en tiempo de los primeros Trastámara (Isabel Montes Romero-Camacho), la que se ocupa del mercado de trabajo en torno al viñedo en Jerez de la Frontera a fines del siglo XV (Emilio Martín Gutiérrez) o las investigaciones desarrolladas por diversos autores en torno a la fiscalidad real, concejil o nobiliaria, en particular por lo que se refiere al almojarifazgo de Jerez de la Frontera en 1502 (Eduardo Aznar Vallejo y Natalia Palenzuela Domínguez), al encabezamiento del almojarifazgo mayor de Sevilla en 1525 (Antonio Collantes de Terán Sánchez), a la hacienda señorial del I marqués de Tarifa en el primer tercio del siglo XVI (Jesús Manuel García Ayoso) o a los ingresos y rentas del patrimonio rural señorial a fines de la Edad Media en el País Vasco (José Ramón Díaz de Durana Ortiz de Urbina). Otras contribuciones se ocupan de diversas cuestiones relativas al amplio marco temático de la historia social, que van desde el análisis del lugar ocupado por la nobleza en la sociedad leonesa del siglo XI (Pascual Martínez Sopena) o del papel desempeñado por los repobladores en la Córdoba del siglo XIII, principalmente clérigos y nobles (Gloria Lora Serrano), hasta el estudio de la figura y linaje de doña María Coronel a lo largo de la segunda mitad del siglo XIV y primeros años del XV (Paulina Rufo Isern), del patrimonio inmobiliario urbano de la élite de Jerez de la Frontera a fines de la Edad Media (Enrique José Ruiz Pilares) o del fulgurante ascenso social experimentado por el linaje judeoconverso de Alonso de Barrionuevo Montalvo en la Sevilla de mediados del siglo XVI (Fernando Quiles Castro). Otro grupo de colaboraciones focalizan su atención en asuntos diversos relacionadas con el ámbito de la historia política; son el estudio sobre las repercusiones que en la literatura de la época tuvo la derrota en 1357 de Juan de la Cerda, señor de Gibraleón, frente al rey Pedro I, un buen ejemplo del pulso permanente entre el rey y los grandes linajes nobiliarios del reino (Juan Luis Carriazo Rubio), el minucioso análisis acerca del destacado papel desempeñado por el caballero jerezano Diego Fernández de Zurita en las relaciones entre los reinos de Castilla y Granada en la primera mitad del siglo XV (Ma Antonia Carmona Ruiz y José Enrique López de Coca Castañer), el estudio en torno a los aspectos financieros y militares de las campañas guerreras emprendidas entre 1455 y 1458 por Enrique IV frente al reino de Granada (José Manuel Triano Milán), la interesante reflexión acerca de las actividades militares desarrolladas en el reino de Granada durante los años siguientes a su conquista por los Reyes Católicos, que hicieron del reino granadino un auténtico arsenal (Miguel Ángel Ladero Quesada) o el análisis acerca de la proyección de la gastronomía bajomedieval andaluza hacia América y Filipinas a través del estudio de la alimentación en la armada de Fernando de Magallanes (Antonio Sánchez de Mora).

Bacterial communities that enrich in high‐temperature Daqu are important for the Chinese maotai‐flavor liquor brewing process. However, the bacterial communities in three different types of high‐temperature Daqu (white Daqu, black Daqu, and yellow Daqu) are still undercharacterized. In this study, the bacterial diversity of three different types of high‐temperature Daqu was investigated using Illumina MiSeq high‐throughput sequencing. The bacterial community of high‐temperature Daqu is mainly composed of thermophilic bacteria, and seven bacterial phyla along with 262 bacterial genera were identified in all 30 high‐temperature Daqu samples. Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla in high‐temperature Daqu samples, while Thermoactinomyces, Staphylococcus, Lentibacillus, Bacillus, Kroppenstedtia, Saccharopolyspora, Streptomyces, and Brevibacterium were the dominant bacterial genera. The bacterial community structure of three different types of high‐temperature Daqu was significantly different (p < .05). In addition, the results of microbiome phenotype prediction by BugBase and bacterial functional potential prediction using PICRUSt show that bacteria from different types of high‐temperature Daqu have similar functions as well as phenotypes, and bacteria in high‐temperature Daqu have vigorous metabolism in the transport and decomposition of amino acids and carbohydrates. These results offer a reference for the comprehensive understanding of bacterial diversity of high‐temperature Daqu. Thermoactinomyces, Staphylococcus, Lentibacillus, Bacillus, Kroppenstedtia, Saccharopolyspora, Streptomyces, and Brevibacterium were the dominant bacterial genera. Bacterial community structure of white Daqu samples and yellow Daqu samples may be more similar, while that of black Daqu samples differs more from the two. Bacteria from different types of high‐temperature Daqu have similar functions as well as phenotypes, and bacterial metabolism was vigorous in the high‐temperature Daqu.