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A dictionary of literary terms and literary theory
With new entries and sensitive edits, this fifth edition places J.A. Cuddon's indispensable dictionary firmly in the 21st Century.
* Written in a clear and highly readable style
* Comprehensive historical coverage extending from ancient times to the present day
* Broad intellectual and cultural range
* Expands on the previous edition to incorporate the most recent literary terminology
* New material is particularly focused in areas such as gender studies and queer theory, post-colonial theory, post-structuralism, post-modernism, narrative theory, and cultural studies.
* Existing entries have been edited to ensure that topics receive balanced treatment
eBook
The Book of Literary Terms
Chapters covering fiction, drama, nonfiction, and literary criticism and scholarship offer readers a comprehensive guide to all forms of prose and their many sub-genres.
eBook
A sociolinguistic analysis of terms of address in Xitsonga literary texts
Terms of address are typically used by interlocutors in spoken and written discourse. These terms serve a variety of functions across languages and cultures, reflecting social hierarchies, politeness, familiarity, and interpersonal relations. Despite the prominence of terms of address in Xitsonga, they have received limited scholarly attention in literary texts. This study examines the use of terms of address in Xitsonga literature from a sociolinguistic perspective, employing a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were drawn from three Xitsonga literary works: Ndlandlalati ya Malenga, Byi le Tintihweni, and Xivoni xa Vutomi and were subjected to content analysis. The study is underpinned by politeness theory, which provides a framework for understanding how terms of address function in negotiating social relationships and regulating interpersonal dynamics. The findings indicate a diverse array of terms of address, encompassing kinship terms, personal names, hypocoristic names, nicknames, personal titles, pronouns, teknonyms, and terms of endearment. Their usage varies according to social relationships, degrees of formality, and specific contextual factors within the literary texts. These results provide insight into the functional role of terms of address in Xitsonga written discourse, highlighting how they reflect and negotiate broader sociolinguistic dynamics and socio-cultural norms. Contribution: This study provides insight into the pragmatic uses of address forms in Xitsonga literature. It reveals that these forms are used to fulfil socio-cultural functions and maintain social relations in the written discourse. The study also highlights that Xitsonga address forms are shaped by the social environment in which they are employed.
Journal Article
“Strange Collisions”: Keywords Toward an Intermedial Periodical Studies
Test case: the Listener The Listener, the weekly journal founded by the bbc in 1929, represents a particularly useful site for yielding insights into both the competing media (and media institutions) of its historical moment and the formal traces of that competition. Because the journal, launched to legitimize, promote, and reproduce radio content in the form of an upmarket weekly like the Spectator,2 both thematizes and enacts the \"strange collision\" of media forms, it can serve as a revealing limit case for the kinds of interactions that are less overt in other periodicals. [...]while one can claim, and many have, that all early twentieth-century periodicals in fact present a degree of instability and generic inbetweenness,7 the Listener goes further, offering competing cues deriving from the postures of listener and reader and mediating the positioning of each. [...]the more homely elements of bbc programing generally disappeared from the Listener's pages until wartime instituted a more inclusive mode of sociability. Aarseth's model of an ergodic text, one with multicursality and either-or choices, stresses the singularity and unrepeatability of decision, of the one-time opportunity of navigating a particular path; in such texts, he says, one is \"constantly reminded of inaccessible strategies and paths not taken, voices not heard ... you may never know the exact results of your choices; that is, exactly what you missed\" (3). Because a pathway through does not wall off other possibilities of recursive revisitation, this description is less evocative of the action of a periodical than it is of the processes I have just described- the intermedial creation, invitation, and decision surrounding a series of sociable occasions, each surrounding a broadcast event never to be repeated.
Journal Article
‘Say Thank You Uncle’: Innovative Use of English Relational Terms of Address and Reference in Urban Shona Society
This article describes how Shona urban speakers innovatively use or socialise their children to manoeuvre English relational terms of address and reference to express respect and politeness towards nonrelative acquaintances and strangers in urban personal and public interactions. More recent research has focused on kinship terms used in relation to power, solidarity and politeness, from a Sociolinguistic point of view. There has been a paucity of research linking culture, urbanisation and the informal use of fictive terms of address and reference for nonrelatives in Africa. We argue that respect and politeness remain critical and indelible aspects of the Shona-speaking urban dwellers’ intangible heritage. Parents, generally within African contexts socialise their children to express respect and be polite to older people. The urban environment creates opportunities for individuals to develop temporary or permanent dynamic relations with nonrelatives they interact with in diverse social contexts where they need to project their unhu/ubuntu (humanness). Urban dwellers interact with non-kin individuals whom they consider kin replacements or supplements in family circles, in school, at church, at the workplace, the market and on public transport, for example, and select appropriate specific English relational terms to manage their relationships with them. The data discussed in this article clearly reveal the range of semantic innovations and social meanings arising from the use of these terms as well as the pragmatic impact of their use. We conclude that while the urban environment poses non-kin relational complexities for both male and female Shona speakers of different ages and social statuses, the speakers’ English repertoire offers a pragmatic solution to these complexities.
Journal Article
Deconstructing the Master's House with His Own Tools: Code-Switching and Double-Voiced Discourse as Agency in Gerald Vizenor's Heirs of Columbus
[...]the only character other than Felipa Flowers who employs lexical subversion through the use of grammatical terms as referents for persons, places, or things, as well as code-switching between high register and low register, is the narrator.Initially defined by the Russian philosopher and semiotician Mikhail Bakhtin in his text The Dialogic Imagination, double-voiced discourse \"serves two speakers at the same time and expresses simultaneously two different intentions: the direct intention of the character who is speaking and the refracted intention of the author\" (324).[...]by changing registers and code-switching in the dialogue of his characters, Vizenor articulates the message contained in the words of the character and, at another level, the refracted message of the author through the character's pronouncement.In this excerpt, Vizenor's understanding of the uses of parts of speech in both Anishinaabemowin and English is briefly revealed.[...]assertions that Vizenor subverts the syntax, grammar, and linguistic terminology of English to mimic Anishinaabemowin are reasonable and supported.[...]the manner of agglutination and word relationships in the Anishinaabe language \"complicates meaning in a way that reflects the origin stories\" (11).[...]in analyzing the refracted meaning of the other voice in Vizenor's double-voiced discursive appropriation and code-switching, it is necessary to be aware of aspects of the Anishinaabe language.
Journal Article
Genre labels on the title pages of English fiction, 1660-1800
Using the bibliographies of early fiction compiled by Charles C. Mish, William Harlin McBurney, Jerry C. Beasley, James Raven, and Peter Garside et al. to establish a broadly defined fiction canon, I have examined the title pages of nearly three thousand new works of fiction printed in the period 1660-1800, including abridgments and new translations of foreign fiction.5 This systematic investigation demonstrates that the term \"novel\" did not become significantly more popular on title pages than other labels until the mid 1780s - much later than many critics have assumed. [...] the terms used - and, to a certain extent, the types of fiction they denote - appear to depend far more on changing vogues than on the authors' individual artistic decisions. Since title pages were used to advertise works for sale, the use of genre labels to connect to current fashions indicates that booksellers (and perhaps authors) were attempting to be savvy about the desires of potential readers for the fiction they were selling, and that the demands of purchasers strongly influenced the types of fiction being written and the way they were presented.
Journal Article
