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Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have become the main choice for electric vehicles (EVs). However, the thermal runaway problems of LIBs largely limit the wider promotion of EVs. To provide background and insight for the improvement of battery safety, the general working mechanism of LIBs is described in this review, followed by a discussion of the thermal runaway process, including the trigger conditions and material factors. Moreover, advances made to improve battery safety are examined from the perspective of battery materials and management systems. Thus, this review provides a general picture of the thermal runaway risks of LIBs and corresponding solutions with the aim of facilitating safer battery designs. The general working mechanism of Li‐ion batteries is described in this review. Accordingly, the thermal runaway process, trigger conditions, and material factors are then depicted. Based on these facts, current advances to improve battery safety are proposed from the aspects of material and management system.

Revolutionary changes in energy storage technology have put forward higher requirements on next‐generation anode materials for lithium‐ion battery. Recently, a new class of materials with complex stoichiometric ratios, high‐entropy oxide (HEO), has gradually emerging into sight and embracing the prosperity. The ideal elemental adjustability and attractive synergistic effect make HEO promising to break through the integrated performance bottleneck of conventional anodes and provide new impetus for the design and development of electrochemical energy storage materials. Here, the research progress of HEO anodes is comprehensively reviewed. The driving force behind phase stability, the role of individual cations, potential mechanisms for controlling properties, as well as state‐of‐the‐art synthetic strategies and modification approaches are critically evaluated. Finally, we envision the future prospects and related challenges in this field, which will bring some enlightening guidance and criteria for researchers to further unlock the mysteries of HEO anodes. The ideal elemental adjustability and appealing synergistic effects have led high‐entropy oxide (HEO) to attract growing scientific interest as anode for Li‐ion batteries. This article provides some enlightening guidelines and criteria for further unlocking the mystery of HEO anodes through an overview of their current status and specific descriptions regarding material design and electrochemical behavior.

With its extremely strong capability of data analysis, machine learning has shown versatile potential in the revolution of the materials research paradigm. Here, taking dielectric capacitors and lithium‐ion batteries as two representative examples, we review substantial advances of machine learning in the research and development of energy storage materials. First, a thorough discussion of the machine learning framework in materials science is presented. Then, we summarize the applications of machine learning from three aspects, including discovering and designing novel materials, enriching theoretical simulations, and assisting experimentation and characterization. Finally, a brief outlook is highlighted to spark more insights on the innovative implementation of machine learning in materials science. Machine learning is transforming the research paradigm of materials science in recent years. This review summarizes the recent advances of machine learning in the research and development of energy storage materials and provides some insights on the innovative implementation of machine learning in materials science.

Batteries are a promising technology in the field of electrical energy storage and have made tremendous strides in recent few decades. In particular, lithium‐ion batteries are leading the smart device era as an essential component of portable electronic devices. From the materials aspect, new and creative solutions are required to resolve the current technical issues on advanced lithium (Li) batteries and improve their safety. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as tempting candidates to satisfy the requirements of advanced energy storage technologies. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of MOFs for application in different types of Li batteries. A review of these emerging studies in which MOFs have been applied in lithium storage devices can provide an informative blueprint for future MOF research on next‐generation advanced energy storage devices. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) applied to lithium storage devices containing Li‐ion, Li‐sulfur, Li‐metal, and Li‐O2. We summarize the origin, nomenclature, and synthesis method of MOFs, and report on recent studies in which MOFs and MOF‐derived materials are applied to lithium rechargeable batteries. This provides an informative roadmap for next‐generation advanced energy storage devices.

A comprehensive guide to the reuse and recycling of lithium-ion power batteries—fundamental concepts, relevant technologies, and business models Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries explores ways in which retired lithium ion batteries (LIBs) can create long-term, stable profits within a well-designed business operation. Based on a large volume of experimental data collected in the author's lab, it demonstrates how LIBs reuse can effectively cut the cost of Electric Vehicles (EVs) by extending the service lifetime of the batteries. In addition to the cost benefits, Dr. Guangjin Zhao discusses how recycling and reuse can significantly reduce environmental and safety hazards, thus complying with the core principles of environment protection: recycle, reuse and reduce. Offering coverage of both the fundamental theory and applied technologies involved in LIB reuse and recycling, the book's contents are based on the simulated and experimental results of a hybrid micro-grid demonstration project and recycling system. In the opening section on battery reuse, Dr. Zhao introduces key concepts, including battery dismantling, sorting, second life prediction, re-packing, system integration and relevant technologies. He then builds on that foundation to explore advanced topics, such as resource recovery, harmless treatment, secondary pollution control, and zero emissions technologies. Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries: • Provides timely, in-depth coverage of both the reuse and recycling aspects of lithium-ion batteries • Is based on extensive simulation and experimental research performed by the author, as well as an extensive review of the current literature on the subject • Discusses the full range of critical issues, from battery dismantling and sorting to secondary pollution control and zero emissions technologies • Includes business models and strategies for secondary use and recycling of power lithium-ion batteries Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries is an indispensable resource for researchers, engineers, and business professionals who work in industries involved in energy storage systems and battery recycling, especially with the manufacture and use (and reuse) of lithium-ion batteries. It is also a valuable supplementary text for advanced undergraduates and postgraduate students studying energy storage, battery recycling, and battery management.

Electrochemical energy storage is one of the critical technologies for energy storage, which is important for high‐efficiency utilization of renewable energy and reducing carbon emissions. In addition to the higher energy density requirements, safety is also an essential factor for developing electrochemical energy storage technologies. Lithium‐ion batteries (Li‐ion batteries) are commercialized as power batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) because of their advantages (such as high energy density, long life span, etc.), while for future electrochemical energy storage markets, lithium–sulfur (Li–S) and lithium–air (Li–air) batteries can be promising candidates for high energy density requirements. Therefore, this paper summarizes the present or potential thermal hazard issues of lithium batteries (Li‐ion, Li–S, and Li–air batteries). Moreover, the corresponding solutions are proposed to further improve the thermal safety performance of electrochemical energy storage technologies. Lithium‐ion batteries are used as the current main electrochemical energy storage devices, and lithium–sulfur and lithium–air batteries could be promising candidates for future electrochemical energy storage. For all kinds of batteries, thermal safety is the primary aspect to be considered before utilization. Thermal safety of electrochemical energy storage system is a series of work (from materials to system prospectives). Safety materials is the primary factor, and battery‐ and system‐level designs are critical for better electrochemical and thermal performance. Thermal management strategies, daily operation, early warning, and fire control are all vital parts for the safe operation and running of an electrochemical energy storage system.

Cross‐linked gel polymer electrolytes for lithium‐ion batteries were prepared using a unique photocrosslinking technology. Hydroxyethyl cellulose was dissolved in N‐vinylpyrrolidone and combined with polyethylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetrakis(3‐mercaptopropionate), then subjected to UV irradiation to form a semi‐interpenetrating network. This cross‐linked structure enhanced stability and compatibility with liquid electrolytes and significantly improved ionic conductivity (2.14 × 10−3 S cm−¹) compared to hydroxyethyl cellulose‐based GPEs. The hydrophilic hydroxyethyl cellulose blend and flexible pentaerythritol tetrakis(3‐mercaptopropionate) contributed to improved mechanical and thermal stability, increased liquid retention, and reduced electrolyte leakage. The GHPT‐3 electrolyte exhibited electrochemical stability up to 4.5 V and delivered excellent cycling performance in a lithium metal cell with a LiFePO₄ cathode, providing a high reversible capacity of 155.8 mAh g−¹ at 0.1 C with near‐perfect coulombic efficiency. Remarkably, it retained 90.3% of its initial discharge capacity after 100 cycles. GHPT‐3 effectively suppressed lithium dendrite formation for over 1000 h, outperforming a commercial liquid electrolyte, which failed within 895 h. These advancements highlighted GHPT‐3's potential as a safer, high‐performance electrolyte for lithium‐ion batteries. This study reports the fabrication of UV‐crosslinked gel polymer electrolytes based on hydroxyethyl cellulose, acrylate monomers, and thiol compounds via thiol–ene click chemistry. A semi‐interpenetrating polymer network structure was developed and comprehensively characterized through spectroscopic, thermal, morphological, and electrochemical analyses to evaluate its suitability for lithium‐ion battery applications.

There is growing production for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) to satisfy the booming development renewable energy storage systems. Meanwhile, amounts of spent LIBs have been generated and will become more soon. Therefore, the proper disposal of these spent LIBs is of significant importance. Graphite is the dominant anode in most commercial LIBs. This review specifically focuses on the recent advances in the recycling of graphite anode (GA) from spent LIBs. It covers the significance of GA recycling from spent LIBs, the introduction of the GA aging mechanisms in LIBs, the summary of the developed GA recovery strategies, and the highlight of reclaimed GA for potential applications. In addition, the prospect related to the future challenges of GA recycling is given at the end. It is expected that this review will provide practical guidance for researchers engaged in the field of spent LIBs recycling. This review covers the importance of graphite anode (GA) recycling from spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), the introduction of the aging mechanisms of GA in LIBs, the summary of the developed recovery strategies of GA from spent LIBs, and the highlights of applications potentials of the reclaimed GA as well as the prospects related to the challenges of future GA recycling.

Crosslinked polymer films, formed via sol–gel and UV photocrosslinking, serve as gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) in lithium‐ion batteries. Combining polyurethane acrylate (PUA), polyurethane methacrylate (PUMA), pentaerythritol tetrakis (3‐mercaptopropionate) (PETMP), and 3‐mercaptopropyl trimetoxysilane (MPTMS) yields flexible membranes, enhancing stability and liquid electrolyte compatibility. The resulting GPE displays higher ionic conductivity (1.46 × 10 −3 S cm −1 ) than Celgrad2500, with PUA‐PUMA's hydrophilicity and PETMP's SH groups preventing leakage. GPPF1, the developed GPE, offers improved ionic conductivity, a stable electrochemical window up to 3.8 V, and heightened safety for versatile energy storage systems.

Graphite is the state‐of‐the‐art anode material for most commercial lithium‐ion batteries. Currently, graphite in the spent batteries is generally directly burned, which caused not only CO2 emission but also a waste of precious carbon resources. In this study, we regenerate graphite in lithium‐ion batteries at the end of life with excellent electrochemical properties using the fast, efficient, and green Flash Joule Heating method (FJH). Through our own developed equipment, under constant pressure and air atmosphere, graphite is rapidly regenerated in 0.1 s without pollutants emission. We perform a detailed analysis of graphite material before and after recovery by multiple means of characterization and find that the regenerated graphite displays electrochemical properties nearly the same as new graphite. FJH provides a large current for defect repair and crystal structure reconstruction in graphite, as well as allowing the SEI coating to be removed during ultra‐fast annealing. The electric field guide the conductive agent and binder pyrolysis products to form conductive sheet graphene and curly graphene covering the graphite surface, making the recycled graphite even better than new commercial graphite in terms of electrical conductivity. Regenerated graphite has excellent multiplier performance and cycle performance (350 mAh g−1 at 1 C with a capacity retention of 99% after 500 cycles). At cost, we get recycled graphite that displays the same performance as new graphite, costing just 77 CNY per ton. This FJH method is not only universal for the regeneration of spent graphite generated by various devices but also enables multiple use‐failure‐regeneration steps of graphite, showing great potential for commercial applications. The regeneration of the spent graphite can be realized by FJH treatment, and the performance of the regenerate graphite can be comparable to the new commercial graphite, which realizes the rapid and environmental recycling of the spent anode, and greatly reduces the material cost.