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"Llamas."
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Llamas
\"Learn all about the fascinating lives of llamas--including what they eat, where they live, how they help people, and their behavior in this new National Geographic Kids Reader. The level 1 text provides accessible, yet wide-ranging, information for beginning readers\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Llamas
\"Simple text and photographs present llamas, how they look, where they live, and what they do\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Multi-proxy analysis of El Olivar camelids in the Semiarid North of Chile before the arrival of the Inca
To evaluate the presence of domesticated camelids in the Semiarid North of Chile (29°S) before the arrival of the Inca, we utilized a multidisciplinary approach to analyze 57 South American camelids that were part of the funerary contexts of the El Olivar site, dated between 1,155 and 1,538 cal AD and associated with the Diaguita Culture. The analyses included osteometric data, age profiles, sex estimation, genetic analysis, identification of pathologies, isotopic analysis and dental calculus analysis. The results indicate a higher frequency of juvenile-adult and adult animals, together with a relatively similar proportion of males and females. Osteometric analysis allowed us to identify the individuals as belonging to the \"large group\" which consists of both llama (Lama glama) and guanaco (Lama guanicoe), while genetic analysis indicates that the camelids from El Olivar are most closely related to Lama glama and the wild subspecies Lama guanicoe cacsilensis. Isotopic analyses suggest the consumption of a mixed diet of C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 plants, following the pattern seen in domestic camelids from the central-southern Andes. Dental calculus analyses indicate anthropic management through the provision of previously cooked food to two camelids with polydactyly. Taken together, we provide the first solid evidence of domesticated camelids (Lama glama) in the Semiarid region of Chile, prior to the influence of the Inca.
Journal Article
Llama Llama happy birthday!
\"It's Llama Llama's birthday, and he can't wait to celebrate with his friends! But they all seem to be busy. Or are they avoiding him? Llama Llama doesn't understand what's going on, and feels left out. Llama Llama might be in for his biggest surprise yet when he finds out what his friends are really up to!\"--Page [4] of cover.
Book
Multi-proxy analysis of El Olivar camelids
To evaluate the presence of domesticated camelids in the Semiarid North of Chile (29°S) before the arrival of the Inca, we utilized a multidisciplinary approach to analyze 57 South American camelids that were part of the funerary contexts of the El Olivar site, dated between 1,155 and 1,538 cal AD and associated with the Diaguita Culture. The analyses included osteometric data, age profiles, sex estimation, genetic analysis, identification of pathologies, isotopic analysis and dental calculus analysis. The results indicate a higher frequency of juvenile-adult and adult animals, together with a relatively similar proportion of males and females. Osteometric analysis allowed us to identify the individuals as belonging to the \"large group\" which consists of both llama (Lama glama) and guanaco (Lama guanicoe), while genetic analysis indicates that the camelids from El Olivar are most closely related to Lama glama and the wild subspecies Lama guanicoe cacsilensis. Isotopic analyses suggest the consumption of a mixed diet of C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 plants, following the pattern seen in domestic camelids from the central-southern Andes. Dental calculus analyses indicate anthropic management through the provision of previously cooked food to two camelids with polydactyly. Taken together, we provide the first solid evidence of domesticated camelids (Lama glama) in the Semiarid region of Chile, prior to the influence of the Inca.
Journal Article
Llama Llama trick or treat
Llama Llama picks out the perfect Halloween costume and goes trick-or-treating with Mama and his friends.
Book
Llama Llama gram and grandpa
\"It's an exciting day for Llama Llama; he's going to visit Gram and Grandpa Llama and spend the night his first night away from home and from Mama. But he makes sure to pack everything he needs. And there are so many fun things to do with Gram and Grandpa. It's not until he gets ready for bed that he realizes that he's forgotten something important. Fuzzy Llama. Fortunately, Grandpa Llama has a wonderful solution and soon Llama Llama is having sweet dreams\" -- Provided by publisher.
Book
Evaluation of the Potential Impact of In Silico Humanization on Vsub.HH Dynamics
Camelids have the peculiarity of having classical antibodies composed of heavy and light chains as well as single-chain antibodies. They have lost their light chains and one heavy-chain domain. This evolutionary feature means that their terminal heavy-chain domain, VH, called V[sub.H]H here, has no partner and forms an independent domain. The V[sub.H]H is small and easy to express alone; it retains thermodynamic and interaction properties. Consequently, V[sub.H]Hs have garnered significant interest from both biotechnological and pharmaceutical perspectives. However, due to their origin in camelids, they cannot be used directly on humans. A humanization step is needed before a possible use. However, changes, even in the constant parts of the antibodies, can lead to a loss of quality. A dedicated tool, Llamanade, has recently been made available to the scientific community. In a previous paper, we already showed the different types of V[sub.H]H dynamics. Here, we have selected a representative V[sub.H]H and tested two humanization hypotheses to accurately assess the potential impact of these changes. This example shows that despite the non-negligible change (1/10th of residues) brought about by humanization, the effect is not drastic, and the humanized V[sub.H]H retains conformational properties quite similar to those of the camelid V[sub.H]H.
Journal Article