Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
21,422
result(s) for
"Local loop"
Sort by:
Panic in the Loop : Chicago's banking crisis of 1932
\"Relying on a broad array of records used together for the first time, Panic in the Loop reveals widespread fraud and insider abuse by bankers--and the complicity of corrupt politicians--that caused the Chicago banking debacle of 1932. It provides a fresh interpretation of the role played by bankers who turned the nation's financial crisis of the early 1930s into the decade-long Great Depression. It also calls for the abolition of secrecy that still permeates the bank regulatory system, which would have prevented the Enron fiasco and the financial meltdown of 2008.\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Graph-based models for real-time workload: a survey
This paper provides a survey on task models to characterize real-time workloads at different levels of abstraction for the design and analysis of real-time systems. It covers the classic periodic and sporadic models by Liu and Layland et al., their extensions to describe recurring and branching structures as well as general graph- and automata-based models to allow modeling of complex structures such as mode switches, local loops and also global timing constraints. The focus is on the precise semantics of the various models and on the solutions and complexity results of the respective feasibilty and schedulability analysis problems for preemptable uniprocessors.
Journal Article
Dynamic Entry and Investment in New Infrastructures: Empirical Evidence from the Fixed Broadband Industry
In the telecommunications industry, the ladder-of-investment approach claims that service-based competition (when entrants lease access to incumbents' facilities) can serve as a \"stepping stone\" for facility-based entry (when entrants build their own infrastructures to provide services). In this paper, we build an empirical model that encompasses a complete ladder-of-investment, composed of three rungs: bitstream access, local loop unbundling and new access facilities. Using data from the European Commission's \"Broadband access in the EU\" reports covering 15 European member states for 17 semesters, we test the ladder-of-investment hypothesis. We find no empirical support for this hypothesis, that is, for the transition from local loop unbundling to new access infrastructures, and weak empirical support for the transition from bitstream access lines to local loop unbundling. These results are robust when we take into account the migration effect, the number of access rungs, the development of broadband cable, the regulatory performance, and the evolution of local loop unbundling prices.
Journal Article
Co-opted transposons help perpetuate conserved higher-order chromosomal structures
Background
Transposable elements (TEs) make up half of mammalian genomes and shape genome regulation by harboring binding sites for regulatory factors. These include binding sites for architectural proteins, such as CTCF, RAD21, and SMC3, that are involved in tethering chromatin loops and marking domain boundaries. The 3D organization of the mammalian genome is intimately linked to its function and is remarkably conserved. However, the mechanisms by which these structural intricacies emerge and evolve have not been thoroughly probed.
Results
Here, we show that TEs contribute extensively to both the formation of species-specific loops in humans and mice through deposition of novel anchoring motifs, as well as to the maintenance of conserved loops across both species through CTCF binding site turnover. The latter function demonstrates the ability of TEs to contribute to genome plasticity and reinforce conserved genome architecture as redundant loop anchors. Deleting such candidate TEs in human cells leads to the collapse of conserved loop and domain structures. These TEs are also marked by reduced DNA methylation and bear mutational signatures of hypomethylation through evolutionary time.
Conclusions
TEs have long been considered a source of genetic innovation. By examining their contribution to genome topology, we show that TEs can contribute to regulatory plasticity by inducing redundancy and potentiating genetic drift locally while conserving genome architecture globally, revealing a paradigm for defining regulatory conservation in the noncoding genome beyond classic sequence-level conservation.
Journal Article
DeepLoop robustly maps chromatin interactions from sparse allele-resolved or single-cell Hi-C data at kilobase resolution
Mapping chromatin loops from noisy Hi-C heatmaps remains a major challenge. Here we present
DeepLoop
, which performs rigorous bias correction followed by deep-learning-based signal enhancement for robust chromatin interaction mapping from low-depth Hi-C data.
DeepLoop
enables loop-resolution, single-cell Hi-C analysis. It also achieves a cross-platform convergence between different Hi-C protocols and micrococcal nuclease (micro-C).
DeepLoop
allowed us to map the genetic and epigenetic determinants of allele-specific chromatin interactions in the human genome. We nominate new loci with allele-specific interactions governed by imprinting or allelic DNA methylation. We also discovered that, in the inactivated X chromosome (X
i
), local loops at the
DXZ4
‘megadomain’ boundary escape X-inactivation but the
FIRRE
‘superloop’ locus does not. Importantly,
DeepLoop
can pinpoint heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms and large structure variants that cause allelic chromatin loops, many of which rewire enhancers with transcription consequences. Taken together,
DeepLoop
expands the use of Hi-C to provide loop-resolution insights into the genetics of the three-dimensional genome.
DeepLoop
is a modular Hi-C processing workflow that enables kilobase-resolution analysis of sparse data. Reanalysis of published data demonstrates that
DeepLoop
can identify allele-specific chromatin loops and large heterozygous structural variants.
Journal Article
A Method for Reconstructing Background from RGB-D SLAM in Indoor Dynamic Environments
Dynamic environments are challenging for visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, as dynamic elements can disrupt the camera pose estimation and thus reduce the reconstructed map accuracy. To solve this problem, this study proposes an approach for eliminating dynamic elements and reconstructing static background in indoor dynamic environments. To check out dynamic elements, the geometric residual is exploited, and the static background is obtained after removing the dynamic elements and repairing images. The camera pose is estimated based on the static background. Keyframes are then selected using randomized ferns, and loop closure detection and relocalization are performed according to the keyframes set. Finally, the 3D scene is reconstructed. The proposed method is tested on the TUM and BONN datasets, and the map reconstruction accuracy is experimentally demonstrated.
Journal Article
A method for non-destructive microwave focusing for deep brain and tissue stimulation
Non-invasive stimulation of biological tissue is highly desirable for several biomedical applications. Of specific interest are methods for tumor treatment, endometrial ablation, and neuro-modulation. In traditional neuro-modulation, single- and multi-coil transcranial stimulation techniques in low oscillation frequencies are utilized to non-invasively penetrate the skull and elicit action potentials in cortical neurons. Although these methods have been proven effective, tightly focusing these signals to localized regions is difficult. In recent years, microwave (MW) methods have seen an increase usage as a minimally invasive treatment modality for ablation and neuro-stimulation. Unlike low frequency signals, MW signals can be focused to localized sub-centimeter regions. In this work we demonstrate that a three-dimensional array of MW antennas can be used to tightly focus signals to a localized region in space within the human body with MW frequencies. Assuming an array of small MW loop antennas are placed around the body, the optimal amplitude and phase of each array element can be accurately determined to match an arbitrary desired field profile. The major innovation of the presented method is that the fields that penetrate the biological region are determined via computing numerical Green’s functions (NGF) that are then used to drive an optimization algorithm. Using simplified models of regions in the human body, it is shown that the MW fields at 1 GHz can be focused to sub-centimeter sized “hot spots” at depths of several centimeters. The algorithm can be easily extended to more realistic models of the human body or for non-biological applications.
Journal Article
Leading singularities and chambers of Correlahedron
A
bstract
In this paper, we explore the chamber dissection of the loop-geometry of Correlahedron, which encodes the loop integrand of four-point stress-energy correlators in planar
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills. We demonstrate that at four loops, continuing the pattern of lower loops, the integrand of the four-point correlation function can be written as a sum over products of chamber-forms and local loop integrands. The chambers and their associated forms are identical to those at three-loops, indicating that the dissection may be complete to all loop orders. Furthermore, this suggests that the leading singularities to all loops are simply linear combinations of these chamber forms. This is especially intriguing at four loops since it contains elliptic functions. Interestingly, each elliptic function appears in a subset of chambers. Our geometric approach motivates us to “diagonalize” the representation, where the local integrals only possess a single leading singularity or elliptic cut. In such a representation, all integrands must evaluate to pure functions, including a single pure elliptic integrand. Inspired by this picture, we also present a simplified form of the three-loop correlator in terms of two independent pure functions (weight-6 single-valued multiple polylogarithms), which are directly computed from local integrands with unit leading singularities, multiplied by the leading singularities from chamber forms.
Journal Article
Advances in the study of cholinergic circuits in the central nervous system
Objective Further understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of cholinergic neural circuits and related neurodegenerative diseases. Methods This review summarized the research progress of the central cholinergic nervous system, especially for the cholinergic circuit of the medial septal nucleus‐hippocampus, vertical branch of diagonal band‐hippocampus, basal nucleus of Meynert‐cerebral cortex cholinergic loop, amygdala, pedunculopontine nucleus, and striatum‐related cholinergic loops. Results The extensive and complex fiber projection of cholinergic neurons form the cholinergic neural circuits, which regulate several nuclei in the brain through neurotransmission and participate in learning and memory, attention, emotion, movement, etc. The loss of cholinergic neurotransmitters, the reduction, loss, and degeneration of cholinergic neurons or abnormal theta oscillations and cholinergic neural circuits can induce cognitive disorders such as AD, PD, PDD, and DLB. Interpretation The projection and function of cholinergic fibers in some nuclei and the precise regulatory mechanisms of cholinergic neural circuits in the brain remain unclear. Further investigation of cholinergic fiber projections in various brain regions and the underlying mechanisms of the neural circuits are expected to open up new avenues for the prevention and treatment of senile neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal Article