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Soil Sealing, Land Take, and Demographics: A Case Study of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
Soil sealing and land take are increasingly recognised as critical environmental and land use planning challenges across Europe. Although these issues have received limited attention in Baltic policymaking and the academic literature to date, available data indicate ongoing land consumption despite population decline. This study aims to analyse soil sealing patterns in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania between 2018 and 2021 using CLC+ Backbone data, linking them to demographic shifts and local planning frameworks. Results reveal that soil sealing increased in nearly all municipalities across the Baltic states, regardless of population trends. The analysis highlights that shrinking municipalities, constrained by limited resources and declining populations, are structurally disadvantaged in terms of land use efficiency, particularly when measured by sealed area per capita. Moreover, this study discusses emerging policy tensions, including the narrowing conceptual gap between land take and soil sealing in the proposed EU Soil Monitoring and Resilience Directive, as well as the risk of overlooking broader land artificialisation. The findings underscore the need for context-sensitive, multi-scalar approaches to land use monitoring and governance, particularly in sparsely populated and demographically imbalanced regions, such as the Baltic states.
Journal Article
The Practice of Youth Inclusion in Community Planning and Resiliency: The Case of Post-Hurricane Harvey
This research emphasizes inclusive civic engagement by including youth participation in creating a comprehensive plan post-Hurricane Harvey in Rockport, Texas. Traditionally, youth are less likely to be included in civic engagement initiatives; however, the community-based disaster resilience model and the public participation process model stress the importance of inclusion in rebuilding, resiliency, and planning processes. Using these theoretical frameworks to guide resiliency workshops with upper-class high school students, this research offers a unique perspective of what youth desire in community development and disaster recovery. Qualitative data was gathered from youth resiliency workshops and summative analysis was conducted to discover themes among youth responses. The findings indicate that young citizens are prepared to engage in local civic affairs, which contributes to a healthier and sustainable community. This study further highlights that youth have valuable and unique perceptions of their community and a concern regarding social equity and justice in community development and resilience.
Journal Article
ARCHITECTURE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT TOOLS: LANDSCAPE ACTION PLANS
In our southern European environment, planning continues to be addressed with 19th-century zoning instruments and defined policies. The growing reaction to the impositions of this territorial policy in local areas proposes a strong bottom-up, non-urbanism of the strategic and the punctual, whose results are beginning to be insufficient due to their limited continuity and difficult coordination. The work in network and with articulated and inter-connectable projects, is revealed, however, as a tool of utility not yet sufficiently tested. To overcome the barrier between what we define as “planning” or macroterritorial policy and “ordination” at a micro level, tools such as Landscape Action Plans (LAP) are proposed. The LAP is structured as a document that, starting from the micro analysis of all facets of the landscape (not only of how it is perceived, but also of its identity generating dimension, and even of its socio-economic aspects), and listening to the demands of the citizens through social dialogue processes, raise a solution to shared problems in local or municipal areas. This solution must be defined not only formally, but applying the determinations emanated from the regional policy of Territorial Planning designed for larger areas. In the last six years, the design of LAP by our Constructed Heritage Research Group (GPAC) has yielded very interesting results in terms of coordinating municipal and regional policies, such as the Landscape Action Plans of Trapagaran (2016) and Ortuella (2018), among others. The planning of small, embraced landscapes, endowed with strong character, through Landscape Action Plans (LAP), could be an option to channel this desire for local planning into a network, which compensates or inspires a broader and more democratic territorial policy.
Journal Article
Disability, Urban Health Equity, and the Coronavirus Pandemic: Promoting Cities for All
Persons with disabilities (PWDs) living in cities during the COVID-19 pandemic response may be four times more likely to be injured or die than non-disabled persons, not because of their “vulnerable” position but because urban health policy, planning and practice has not considered their needs. In this article, the adverse health impacts on PWDs during the COVID-19 pandemic reveals the “everyday emergencies” in cities for PWDs and that these can be avoided through more inclusive community planning, a whole-of-government commitment to equal access, and implementation of universal design strategies. Importantly, COVID-19 can place PWDs at a higher risk of infection since some may already have compromised immune and respiratory systems and policy responses, such as social distancing, can lead to life-threatening disruptions in care for those that rely on home heath or personal assistants. Living in cities may already present health-damaging challenges for PWDs, such as through lack of access to services and employment, physical barriers on streets and transportation, and smart-city technologies that are not made universally accessible. We suggest that the current pandemic be viewed as an opportunity for significant urban health reforms on the scale of the sanitary and governance reforms that followed ninetieth century urban epidemics. This perspective offers insights for ensuring the twenty-first century response to COVID-19 focuses on promoting more inclusive and healthy cities for all.
Journal Article
The Impact of Supply Constraints on House Prices in England
We test the theoretical prediction that house prices respond more strongly to changes in local earnings in places with tight supply constraints using a unique panel dataset of 353 Local Planning Authorities in England between 1974 and 2008. Exploiting exogenous variation from a policy reform, vote shares and historical density to identify the endogenous constraints-measures, we find that: regulatory constraints have a substantive positive impact on the house price-earnings elasticity; the effect of constraints due to scarcity of developable land is largely confined to highly urbanised areas; and uneven topography has a quantitatively less meaningful impact.
Journal Article