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[Purpose/Significance] Citation analysis is an important research field of biblio-metrics, which aims to investigate the citation behavior and academic influence of literature by analyzing the citation relationship of literature. Specifically, full-text citation analysis can help researchers understand the citation relationship and academic impact of the literature more accurately and comprehensively. This paper aims to clarify the development of full-text citation analysis, review the different progress of full-text citation research, and on this basis, attempt to analyze the challenges of full-text citation analysis and the possible development direction in the future in order to better promote the development of citation analysis of the full text. [Method/Process] Key words and search formulas were determined on the CNKI database and the Web of Science database, and then the retrieved results were screened and filtered according to the summary. This paper reviews the research results of full-text citation analysis at home and abroad, and summarizes the research contents of full-text citation analysis into citation location analysis, citation intensity analysis and citation context analysis. Citation context analysis can be divided into word selection, emotion analysis, motivation and behavior analysis. At the same time, the application of citation analysis in interdisciplinary and scientific evaluation is analyzed. A summary of the differences in research content and application of full-text citation analysis at home and abroad was provided. [Results/Conclusions] The current research on citation analysis of the full text has an important connection with the chapter structure. The reference strength analysis is closely combined with the reference position analysis, and the focus is to develop new calculation methods. In the context of citation, the emphasis of citation analysis is emotional analysis. The application mainly focuses on the construction of interdisciplinary measurement and scientific evaluation system. This paper also predicts the challenges and future directions of citation analysis. The specific factors to be considered include data volume and data quality, method accuracy and efficiency, cross language reference analysis, and the improvement of visualization and interactivity. In spite of many challenges, the full text citation analysis still has great development potential. In the future, it is possible to make progress in citation semantic analysis, expansion of application field, big data analysis, data privacy protection and real-time analysis. This paper reviews the current situation, application and challenges of citation analysis, hoping to provide reference and insights for future research. At the same time, this study still has some shortcomings, based on the development of computer technology, it has some limitations in its discussion on the future development trend.

Increasingly, greening in cities across the Global North is enmeshed in strategies for attracting capital investment, raising the question: for whom is the future green city? Through exploring the relationship between cities’ green boosterist rhetoric, affordability and social equity considerations within greening programmes, this paper examines the extent to which, and why, the degree of green branding – that is, urban green boosterism – predicts the variation in city affordability. We present the results of a mixed methods, macroscale analysis of the greening trajectories of 99 cities in Western Europe, the USA and Canada. Our regression analysis of green rhetoric shows a trend toward higher cost of living among cities with the longest duration and highest intensity green rhetoric. We then use qualitative findings from Nantes, France, and Austin, USA, as two cases to unpack why green boosterism correlates with lower affordability. Key factors determining the relation between urban greening and affordability include the extent of active municipal intervention, redistributional considerations and the historic importance of inclusion and equity in urban development. We conclude by considering what our results mean for the urban greening agenda in the context of an ongoing green growth imperative going forward. 全球北方城市的绿化越来越多地融入吸引资本投资的战略中，这引发了一个问题：未来的绿色城市是为谁而建设的？通过探讨城市绿色倡导者的言论、可负担性和绿化方案中的社会公平考虑之间的关系，本文研究了绿色品牌化程度（即城市绿色倡导）决定城市可负担性变化的程度和原因。我们呈现了采用混合方法，对西欧、美国和加拿大99个城市的绿化轨迹进行宏观分析的研究结果。我们对绿色言论的回归分析表明，在绿色修辞持续时间最长、强度最高的城市中，生活成本呈上升趋势。然后，我们用法国南特和美国奥斯汀的定性研究结果作为两个案例来解释为什么绿色倡导与较低的可负担性相关联。决定城市绿化和可负担性之间关系的关键因素包括积极市政干预的程度、再分配考虑以及包容和公平在城市发展中的历史重要性。最后，我们探讨在当前绿色增长势在必行的背景下，我们的成果对城市绿化议程的意义。

The 2008 global financial meltdown has redirected attention to the entwinement of financial markets and the urban built environment. Against that background, recent works in urban political economy have focused on how city governments support the rent-maximisation strategies of landowners, thereby reinforcing 'the increasing tendency to treat land as a financial asset' (Harvey, [1982]2006). However, this perspective paradoxically understates the importance of market finance actors, neglecting to demonstrate how, in practice, such financial investors, who have been shown to adopt selective investment practices, shape urban redevelopment projects. In this article, the role of financial investors is analysed through a case study of a large-scale redevelopment project on the outskirts of the Paris city-region (city of Saint-Ouen). The analysis of negotiations over urban design and economic development issues – raised by property developers seeking to fashion commercial properties as investment assets – reveals the unevenness of a local authority's ability to implement an agenda that potentially diverges from the expectations of financial investors. Accordingly, given the growing importance of investors in the ownership of the built environment, the article considers urban redevelopment as the outcome of power relations that originate in the circulation of investors' expectations. These expectations are met through translating market finance categories (risk, return and liquidity) into elements of the urban fabric. This bears substantial consequences for policy-making, given the current context of austerity, as municipal authorities are increasingly constrained to rely on property markets. Urban redevelopment projects are thereby increasingly shaped to provide investment assets for financial investors.

In rapidly growing urban areas, it is deemed vital to expand (or contract) an existing network of public facilities to meet anticipated changes in the level of demand. We present a multi-period capacitated median model for school network facility location planning that minimizes transportation costs, while functional costs are subject to a budget constraint. The proposed Vintage Flexible Capacitated Location Problem (ViFCLP) has the flexibility to account for a minimum school-age closing requirement, while the maximum capacity of each school can be adjusted by the addition of modular units. Non-closest assignments are controlled by the introduction of a parameter penalizing excess travel. The applicability of the ViFCLP is illustrated on a large US school system (Charlotte-Mecklenburg, North Carolina) where high school demand is expected to grow faster with distance to the city center. Higher school capacities and greater penalty on travel impedance parameter reduce the number of non-closest assignments. The proposed model is beneficial to policy makers seeking to improve the provision and efficiency of public services over a multi-period planning horizon.

Urbanization is an inherent part of economic development, yet its success in delivering jobs, productivity, and liveability varies widely. This issue of the Oxford Review of Economic Policy compares the experience of different countries and analyses the causes of their different performance. Cities are policy intensive, requiring public provision of infrastructure, regulation, and coordination. This in turn requires authorizing environments with a sufficiently broad span of control, and correspondingly powerful checks and balances to prevent abuse.

Spurred by the classic work of Dunning, MNE location has become the focus of a growing body of research in the field. In this paper we argue that international business (IB) research examining the spatial dimension has serious weaknesses, stemming from its traditional assumption of the country as the location unit of analysis. While border-crossing remains the key research context of IB, placing it within a general spatial framework that recognizes both international and subnational spatial heterogeneity opens up vast new vistas for research. Analyzing MNEs as border-crossing multi-location enterprises allows the researcher to distinguish between (discrete) border effects and (continuous) distance effects and undertake a more fine-grained analysis of location. Within such analysis national borders may appear as qualitative discontinuities in space, that is, points at which spatial heterogeneity changes abruptly. However, subnational spatial heterogeneity is often the characteristic that drives firm strategy as MNEs decide to locate in particular agglomerations and not at random locations within a country. The complex firms that IB scholars study typically include multiple units within the same country, so that a complete analysis requires considering both subnational distance effects as well as international border effects.

Flow-interception location problems identify good facility locations on a network with flow-based demand. Since the early 1990s, over 30 different flow-interception location models have appeared. In these publications, location researchers have developed new models by introducing changes in the objectives functions, constraints, and/or assumptions. These changes have led to many disparate models, each requiring a somewhat different solution method, and they have challenged the development of standardized software that would encourage widespread use in real-world, strategic decision-making processes. In this article, we formulate a generalized flow-interception location–allocation model (GFIM) which, with few exceptions, requires only simple modifications to its input data to effectively solve all current deterministic flow-interception problems. Additional flow-interception problems can be solved by simple model manipulation or the addition of constraints. Moreover, several critical considerations in flow-interception models—such as deviation from predetermined journeys, locational and proximity preferences, and capacity issues—can be handled within the proposed single framework. Two real-world examples reported in the literature (1989 morning and 2001 afternoon peak traffic for the city of Edmonton in Canada) show that a standard optimization engine such as ILOG-CPLEX optimally solves GFIM much more efficiently than it does the classic flow-interception location model.

How do large companies buy infrastructure (e.g. electricity, gas or rail)? Mainstream economics literature proposes that in the absence of an intermediating government, the bargaining power of large customers in procuring infrastructure will be weak. Drawing on a spatial, temporal and relational framework, this article critiques this proposition through a case study of a large manufacturing firm, ThyssenKrupp (TK) AG, which recently invested €7 billion in steel processing facilities in Brazil and USA. I find that prior to making durable and immobile investments large firms—like TK—can exert symmetric bargaining power against sellers of infrastructure, provided the firm has competitive alternatives available in making a location decision. TK exerted strong bargaining power by doing extensive analysis; keeping its commitment to any given location alternative low; inducing a ‘relational auction’ among alternatives it found desirable and by demanding tailored infrastructure services, rather than off-the-shelf commodities. Public sector infrastructure megaprojects, built without active co-development with lead users, are likely to be wasteful investments.

This research uses data from a survey to explore the factors that affect organizations' manufacturing location decisions. Manufacturing location, more specifically the possibility of firms' nearshoring or reshoring, has received a great deal of recent attention, especially in the United States. This paper applies the location aspect of internalization theory to provide an understanding of what factors affect organizations' perceptions of the attractiveness of various regions as locations for owned manufacturing facilities. An exploratory factor analysis is used to develop factors that drive manufacturing location decisions. Multiple regression analysis is used to test the relationship between the drivers of manufacturing location decisions and movement of manufacturing into or out of a region, and overall perceived risk of a region. Findings indicate that various drivers have differential effects across regions. For example, while North America is viewed favorably for its trade policies over the next 3 years, the trade policies are also viewed as an increasing source of risk, possibly reflecting bipartisan conflicts. Three theoretical propositions are developed to advance the understanding of the current state of manufacturing location decisions from an internalization perspective. It appears that organizations are beginning to look at their manufacturing location decisions through a broader lens, giving more weight to supply chain issues as well as strategic factors.

Little research is devoted to evaluating the spatial patterns of affordable housing in Beijing. For filling this gap by developing a workable assessment framework, this paper addresses the importance of assessing the spatial patterns of affordable housing, not only for the wellbeing of lowand middle-income households but also for urban sustainable development, and presents Beijing as a case study. Using GIS-based spatial analysis, this study assesses the spatiotemporal dynamics of location and affordable housing in Beijing from 1999 to 2012. We posit that spatial agglomeration is gradually decreasing, and the spatial patterns demonstrate an equilibrium distribution in this urban area. The hypotheses were tested using three indexes, Lorenz curves and data on 294 affordable housing projects within the Sixth Ring Roads in Beijing. Our analysis demonstrates that affordability patterns are obviously spatially clustered, and affordable housing is mainly located at the urban fringe. The direct cause is that low- and middle-income households have little impact on determining the location of affordable housing. Therefore, clustering pattern should be reconsidered and improved when constructing future affordable housing projects in Beijing.