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"Locomotives"
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Steam, smoke, and steel : back in time with trains
A boy traces the development of railroad engines from coal to steam to diesel as he recounts his family's experience of driving trains over the years.
Book
Study of Supercapacitors Built in the Start-Up System of the Main Diesel Locomotive
A successful guaranteed launch of a mainline diesel locomotive is one of the most important and urgent problems of the rolling stock operation. Improvement of the start-up system of the main diesel locomotive when using a supercapacitor allows multiple restarts of diesel locomotives, meaning that the operation of the diesel locomotive can be stopped several times without wasting fuel in idle operations. In this study, we simulated the electric starting circuit of a diesel locomotive with a block of supercapacitors using the Matlab Simulink program. The simulation results show that using only a supercapacitor in the start-up system is impossible. Even though the supercapacitor produces the required current and voltage, its operating time is extremely insufficient. Using a storage battery along with a supercapacitor in the diesel locomotive start-up system is most effective. This reduces the peak current load on the standard battery. The article suggests an effective principle for starting a mainline diesel locomotive and provides an effective circuit solution involving a supercapacitor. Based on the booster stabilizer scheme, a new scheme was modeled to study the successful launch of a diesel locomotive that has various start-up systems. Applying a supercapacitor in the start-up system of a main diesel locomotive is proposed and the results of its use are presented. In addition, this study defines the basic requirements for using a system based on a battery in conjunction with a supercapacitor. Characteristics such as the temperature range of the system are shown.
Journal Article
Train : the definitive visual history
Featuring amazing images of trains, virtual tours of engines, and profiles of key innovators, designers, and engineers, Train: The Definitive Visual History traces the history of the railroad and the role of trains, from the first steam engines to today's high speed bullet trains.
Book
Method for substantiating the spheres of application of shunting locomotives at sorting stations
Shunting work on sorting wagons is carried out on steeper profiles and requires the operation of shunting diesel locomotives of a higher power. Many sorting operations use double traction of shunting locomotives in conditions of the highly outdated fleet of shunting diesel locomotives. However, the technology of operating two shunting locomotives requires substantiation of its scope of application. In this article, using the example of station “X”, the technology of disbanding trains from the sorting hump is investigated in two ways: the first is the existing technology (work on disbanding trains is carried out using two shunting locomotives of the TEM-2 series), shunting locomotive of TEM-7 series. It has been determined that in the existing technology, the required processing capacity of the hill approaches its maximum value. When using the TEM-7 diesel locomotive, the maximum processing capacity of the hill increases by 27%. The sphere of efficiency of the TEM-7 series locomotive instead of two TEM-2 was substantiated by the method of technical and economic calculations.
Journal Article
Big Train takes a trip
Big Train makes sure that all his cars are lined up before starting a trip.
Book
A single-atom heat engine
Heat engines convert thermal energy into mechanical work and generally involve a large number of particles. We report the experimental realization of a single-atom heat engine. An ion is confined in a linear Paul trap with tapered geometry and driven thermally by coupling it alternately to hot and cold reservoirs. The output power of the engine is used to drive a harmonic oscillation. From direct measurements of the ion dynamics, we were able to determine the thermodynamic cycles for various temperature differences of the reservoirs. We then used these cycles to evaluate the power P and efficiency η of the engine, obtaining values up to P = 3.4 × 10⁻²² joules per second and η = 0.28%, consistent with analytical estimations. Our results demonstrate that thermal machines can be reduced to the limit of single atoms.
Journal Article