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Background: Since 2019, National Medical Commission (NMC) has implemented CBME in medical colleges across India. We wanted to see the impact of this on our first-year medical students at Goa Medical College (GMC). GMC is the only medical college in Goa, leading to competition and stress among students for admissions. This tension then builds due to the MBBS curriculum. The NMC reform of the old guidelines created a lot of confusion among students and faculty about whether this change is beneficial or not. This led to the current study. A cross-sectional study design and a convenience sampling method were used to collect data. Aim: To study the impact of the teaching-learning method that is early clinical exposure (ECE), self-directed learning (SDL), small group discussion (SGD), attitude, ethics and communication (AETCOM), and log books on students. To analyze the changes in the curriculum of preclinical subjects on 1st year MBBS students and the implementation of their suggestions to improve the current curriculum, if any. Methods: In our study, a self-made questionnaire scrutinized by the Ethics Committee was used with a 5-point Likert scale, and written viewpoints were considered. Results: In this study, 111 students (42 males and 69 females) voluntarily participated. We noticed that in anatomy, biochemistry, and physiology (n = 91), (n = 87), and (n = 66) in ECE, (n = 88), (n = 81), and (n = 84) in AETCOM students, it was beneficial. In anatomy 41 and physiology 50, students agreed that SDL was helpful. In the anatomy (n= 42) and physiology (n = 64) sections, the participants agreed that SGD was helpful. In the DOAP (demonstration, observation, assist, and perform) in anatomy (n = 92), participants agreed that it was beneficial. However, participants agreed that the logbook was an extra chore in anatomy (n = 70), biochemistry (n = 61), and physiology (n = 73). Conclusion: The reformed CBME curriculum has a positive impact on students and agrees with the results of other authors.

Climate change is driving the tropicalization of temperate ecosystems by shifting the range edges of numerous species poleward. Over the past few decades, mangroves have rapidly displaced salt marshes near multiple poleward mangrove range limits, including in northeast Florida. It is uncertain whether such mangrove expansions are due to anthropogenic climate change or natural climate variability. We combined historical accounts from books, personal journals, scientific articles, logbooks, photographs, and maps with climate data to show that the current ecotone between mangroves and salt marshes in northeast Florida has shifted between mangrove and salt marsh dominance at least 6 times between the late 1700s and 2017 due to decadal-scale fluctuations in the frequency and intensity of extreme cold events. Model projections of daily minimum temperature from 2000 through 2100 indicate an increase in annual minimum temperature by 0.5 °C/decade. Thus, although recent mangrove range expansion should indeed be placed into a broader historical context of an oscillating system, climate projections suggest that the recent trend may represent a more permanent regime shift due to the effects of climate change.

The construction industry faces multiple challenges, where transition to circular production is key. Digitalisation is a strategy to increase the sector’s productivity, competitiveness, and efficiency. However, digitalisation also impacts environmental goals, such as those concerning more eco-friendly solutions, energy efficiency, products recycling, and sustainability certifications. These strategies rely on data, understood as digital, interoperable, incremental and traceable. Data related concepts, such as digital data templates (DDT) and digital building logbooks (DBL), contribute to “good data”. Despite some research focused on each one, little importance has yet been given to their combination. Relevant relationships and overlaps exist, as they partially share the exact same data through the built environment life cycle. This research aims to provide improved understanding on the role of these concepts and their contribution to a more circular industry. The review develops conceptualisations where DDT and DBL are complementary and framed within an incremental digital twin construction (DTC). Misconceptions or confrontations between these three solutions can therefore stand down, for the benefit of a data-driven priority. To increase understanding and reduce misconceptions, our study developed the “Digital data-driven concept” (D3c). This concept contribution is the ability to structure, store, and trace data, opening way to streamlined digital transformation impacting circular built environment concerns.

The process of digitizing the construction sector and the need for effective building stock management call for transformations in the traditional approach to technical documentation. This study proposes a concept for a digital building logbook, integrated with a cadastral map based on publicly available data from the Sofia City Cadastre. This integration enables the extraction of key building attributes such as identifier, purpose, built-up area, year of construction, and more. The connection between the logbook and the cadastral map is established through a unique building identifier. To ensure data validity, the system incorporates logical validation rules that compare the entered information with cadastral data and current regulatory requirements. These rules are implemented in a machine-readable format. With each edit, the platform stores metadata, including author information and a timestamp, ensuring full traceability of changes. The system automatically generates alerts when discrepancies arise between user-entered data and cadastral or regulatory information. This comprehensive traceability significantly reduces the risk of human error. A functional prototype of the platform has been developed and is undergoing active refinement. The integrated framework combines static cadastral data with dynamic engineering content to support administrative workflows, design processes, and building stock oversight. The adoption of machine-readable rules, metadata tracking, and cadastral integration within a unified digital environment presents an innovative solution, not yet systematically applied in the Bulgarian context, aimed at improving the transparency, accuracy, and standardization of building documentation.

Phase-3 testing of the pHB650 cryomodule at the PIP-II Injector Test Facility was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of heat load mitigations performed after earlier phases of testing and to continue pinpointing any sources of unexpectedly high heat loads.. The programme measured HTTS, LTTS, and 2 K isothermal/non-isothermal loads under “standard”, “linac”, and “simulated dynamic” operating modes, recording data both inside the cryomodule and across the bayonet can circuits. Thermal-acoustic oscillations were eliminated by replacing the original G10 cooldown-valve stem with a stainless-steel stem fitted with wipers. A newly developed Python script automated acquisition of ACNET data, performed real-time heat-load calculations, and generated plots and tables that were posted to the electronic logbook within minutes, vastly reducing manual effort and accelerating feedback between SRF and cryogenics teams. Analysis showed that JT heat-exchanger effectiveness and temperature stratification in the two-phase and relief piping strongly influence the observed loads and helped isolate sources of excess heat. The campaign demonstrates that rigorous pre-test planning, real-time diagnostics, and automated reporting can improve both accuracy and efficiency, providing a template for future PIP-II cryomodule tests and for implementing targeted heat-load mitigations.

Wind direction kept in ships’ logbooks is a consolidated but underexploited observational source of relevant climatic information. In this paper, we present four indices of the monthly frequency of wind direction, one for each cardinal direction: Northerly (NI), Easterly (EI), Southerly (SI) and Westerly (WI), based on daily wind direction observations taken aboard ships over the English Channel. These Directional Indices (DIs) are the longest observational record of atmospheric circulation to date at the daily scale, covering the 1685–2014 period. DIs anomalies are associated with near-surface climatic signals over large areas of Europe in all seasons, with zonal indices (WI and EI) and meridional indices (NI and SI) often affecting different regions. Statistical models including all DIs are able to explain a considerable amount of European climate variability, in most cases higher than that accounted for by the North Atlantic Oscillation. As such, the DIs are able to reproduce the known European climatic history and provide new insights of certain episodes from monthly to multi-decadal time scales such as the warm winter decade of 1730–1739 or the extremely cold 1902 summer. The DIs show the potential to better constrain the atmospheric circulation response to external forcings and its associated anomalies. In particular, we provide first observational evidences of all year-round atmospheric circulation signals following the strongest tropical volcanic eruptions of the last three centuries. These signatures are more complex than previously thought and suggest that the well-reported winter warming and summer cooling cannot be simply interpreted in terms of changes in zonality.

Adverse pregnancy outcomes are the main causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and long-term physical and psychological sequels in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Africa and Asia. In Ethiopia, maternal mortality remained high despite the country's maximum effort. This study aimed to assess adverse pregnancy outcomes and associated factors among deliveries at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. A retrospective cross-sectional study was done among deliveries at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018. The data was collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire by reviewing labor and delivery service log books and admission or discharge registration books. The data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Logistic regression analysis was computed to identify independent predictors of pregnancy complications. In this study, the magnitude of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 28.3%, 95% CI (25.7-30.9). The most frequently recorded obstetric complications were obstructed labor (7.4%), retained placenta (5.3%), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (2.4%). Whereas stillbirths (10%), malpresentation (3%), and prematurity (2.3%) frequently occurred fetal/neonatal complications. There were 29 maternal deaths and the possible causes of death were obstructed labor (51.7%), hemorrhage (44.7%), eclampsia (24.1%), and sepsis (6.9%). Home delivery (AOR (CI = 4.12 (2.30-7.15) and low birth weight (AOR (CI = 1.63 (1.36-1.96) were significant associates of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The magnitude of adverse pregnancy outcomes was high. Obstructed labor, retained placenta, hypertension in pregnancy, malpresentation, prematurity, and stillbirth are the commonest adverse pregnancy outcomes. Place of delivery and birth weight were independent predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Institutional delivery, early detection and management of complications, and adequate nutrition and weight gain during pregnancy should be encouraged to minimize the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

According to the European Commission, the Digital Building Logbook (DBL) is a repository of all of the relevant data of a building. It was first introduced at the European scale in the Renovation Wave strategy and was first defined in the proposal for the recast of the energy performance of buildings Directive in December 2021. The European DBL has not been implemented yet, since a common model does not yet exist. Even though great efforts are being made to establish it, some relevant issues need to be addressed first. One of them is the identification of data sources that will feed the DBL. Existing digital data sources have already been explored in some countries and they have been found to be insufficient. In this paper, new digital data sources suitable for the logbook are identified, and their contribution in terms of indicators and interoperability is analysed. The analysis shows that these sources have great potential to contribute to the DBL, because they bring the possibility to collect a great amount of real data on buildings. However, the main barrier for these tools to be incorporated into the DBL is that their linkage still requires further research.

Ship logbooks represent a critical source of historical meteorological data, providing valuable observations of barometric pressure, air temperature, sea surface temperature, wind force and direction, and other variables. Substantial quantities of these records are unavailable to climate science as they have not yet been transcribed. We present ‘Weather Rescue at Sea’, a citizen‐science project which transcribed millions of weather observations contained in 19th Century UK Royal Navy ship logbooks. We describe the logbook structure and weather observation‐taking instructions and discuss significant challenges with the translation of handwritten text into accurate data due to errors arising from ambiguous handwriting, historical terminology, and inconsistent metadata. We present the dataset and explore its spatio‐temporal characteristics. The corrected and quality‐assured datasets will enhance climate reanalyses and other historical reconstructions of the pre‐ and early industrial climate by providing more input meteorological data. Furthermore, we highlight emerging tools, such as AI‐driven transcription correction, and outline remaining challenges in fully leveraging these historical records to advance climate science. We present the Weather Rescue at Sea dataset, generated from a citizen‐science project which transcribed millions of weather observations contained in 19th Century UK Royal Navy ship logbooks. This corrected and quality‐assured dataset will enhance historical reconstructions of the pre‐modern climate by providing more input meteorological data.

Accurate, gear-specific data is essential for fisheries management to quantify fishing pressure and ecosystem impacts, particularly in multi-gear fleets. In this study, we used electronic logbooks and sales notes from 2014 to 2023 to analyze the Portuguese multi-gear coastal fleet, obtaining information at a haul level. The objective was to identify and validate métiers down to level 6 according to the European Commission's definition (a combination of gear specifications, target species, fishing area, and season). This fleet comprises approximately 500 vessels using various types of traps, nets, and longlines to catch around 200 species of fish and invertebrates. We identified 28 métiers across six main gear types. The most representative métier is the octopus (Octopus vulgaris) trap fishery, followed by the European hake (Merluccius merluccius) gillnet and the black scabbardfish (Aphanopus carbo) longline fisheries. A strong association was found between most métiers and variables such as fishing season, fishing area, depth, and sediment type. Traps and nets were mostly used in the northwest area, in mixed sediments or sand, whereas longlines were mostly operated in the central west area, in steeper slopes on sandy and rocky bottoms. The study highlights the complexity of quantifying gear-specific fishing effort in multi-gear fisheries, where technical interactions occur, and competitive relationships exist between different fishing fleets and gears that exploit the same fish stocks.