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\"Energy efficiency is critical for running computer vision on battery-powered systems, such as mobile phones or UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones). This book collects the methods that have won the annual IEEE Low-Power Computer Vision Challenges since 2015. The winners share their solutions and provide insight on how to improve the efficiency of machine learning systems\"-- Provided by publisher.

\"This book provides, for the first time, a broad and deep treatment of the fields of both ultra low power electronics and bioelectronics. It discusses fundamental principles and circuits for ultra low power electronic design and their applications in biomedical systems. It also discusses how ultra energy efficient cellular and neural systems in biology can inspire revolutionary low power architectures in mixed-signal and RF electronics. The book presents a unique, unifying view of ultra low power analog and digital electronics and emphasizes the use of the ultra energy efficient subthreshold regime of transistor operation in both. Chapters on batteries, energy harvesting, and the future of energy provide an understanding of fundamental relationships between energy use and energy generation at small scales and at large scales. A wealth of insights and examples from brain implants, cochlear implants, bio-molecular sensing, cardiac devices, and bio-inspired systems make the book useful and engaging for students and practising engineers\"--Provided by publisher.

It is well known that the output power from small wind turbines (SWTs) fluctuates noticeably more when compared to that from other types of dispersed generators, such as residential photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems. Thus, the degradation of voltage quality, such as flicker emissions, when numerous SWTs are installed in a low-voltage distribution system is a particular concern. Nevertheless, practical examples of flicker emissions from small wind power facilities have not been made public. This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of flicker emissions by SWTs and their severity. The measurement results at the two selected sites indicate that the flicker emissions solely caused by variable-speed SWTs with a total power rating of ~20 kW are notably lower than the upper limit, and they are at their highest when the mean total output power is approximately 3/4 of the total power rating of small wind power facilities.

This study shows that a relation can be found between the voltage at the terminals of an inverter-interfaced renewable energy source (RES) and its optimal reactive power support. This relationship, known as volt–Var curve (VVC), enables the decentral operation of RES for active voltage management (AVM). Here the decentralised AVM technique is modified to consider the effects of the realistic operational constraints of RES. The AVM technique capitalises on the reactive power support capabilities of inverters to achieve the desired objective in unbalanced active low-voltage distribution systems (LVDSs). However, as the results show, this AVM technique fails to satisfy the operator's objective when the network structure dynamically changes. By updating the VVCs according to the system configuration and components’ availability, the objective functions will be significantly improved and the AVM method remains resilient against the network changes. To keep the decentralised structure, the impedance identification capability of inverters is used to locally find the system configuration. Adaptive VVCs enable the decentralised control of inverters in an online setting. A real-life suburban residential LVDS in Dublin, Ireland, is used for showcasing the proposed method, and the effectiveness of the proposed resilient ACM technique is demonstrated.

The improvement of energy efficiency in electronics and computing systems is currently central to information and communication technology design; low-cost cooling, autonomous portable systems and functioning on recovered energy all need to be continuously improved to allow modern technology to compute more while consuming less.

Since the concept that inverters can be controlled to behave like a synchronous generator has been proposed, the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) started to become the mainstream control of distributed energy resources connected distributed system. This concept simulates the frequency and voltage regulation of synchronous generator to improve the overall stability of the medium- and low-voltage power system. Although significant research works have considered the application of VSGs in active and reactive power sharing, it seems to be that the issue of the proportional power sharing of VSGs of different capacities has not considered much in the previous works, especially when the distribution lines have increased resistive components. Such resistive disturbs the power flow and causes the power coupling. When focusing eyes on the parallel operation, VSGs need to coordinate parallel operation to increase the microgrid power quality, reliability, and for easy maintenance. Based on an improved droop control and virtual complex impedance, this study adjusts PI controller parameters to implement the proportional power sharing and decoupling for VSGs of different capacities. Simulation results are shown to verify the feasibility and validity of the control method.

This book formulates and consolidates a coherent understanding of how harnessing the dynamics of bistable structures may enhance the technical fields of vibration control, energy harvesting, and sensing.Theoretical rigor and practical experimental insights are provided in numerous case studies.

In many applications, modern current-using equipment utilizes power electronic converters to control the consumed power and to adjust the motor speed. Such equipment is used both in industrial and domestic installations. A characteristic feature of the converters is producing distorted earth fault currents, which contain a wide spectrum of harmonics, including high-order harmonics. Nowadays, protection against electric shock in low-voltage power systems is commonly performed with the use of residual current devices (RCDs). In the presence of harmonics, the RCDs may have a tripping current significantly different from that provided for the nominal sinusoidal waveform. Thus, in some cases, protection against electric shock may not be effective. The aim of this paper is to present the result of a wide-range laboratory test of the sensitivity of A-type RCDs in the presence of harmonics. This test has shown that the behavior of RCDs in the presence of harmonics can be varied, including the cases in which the RCD does not react to the distorted earth fault current, as well as cases in which the sensitivity of the RCD is increased. The properties of the main elements of RCDs, including the current sensor, for high-frequency current components are discussed as well.

<p><b>COMPREHENSIVE HANDBOOK DEMYSTIFIES 5G FOR TECHNICAL AND BUSINESS PROFESSIONALS IN MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION FIELDS</b> <p>Much is being said regarding the possibilities and capabilities of the emerging 5G technology, as the evolution towards 5G promises to transform entire industries and many aspects of our society. <i>5G for the Connected World</i> offers a comprehensive technical overview that telecommunication professionals need to understand and take advantage of these developments. <p>The book offers a wide&#45;ranging coverage of the technical aspects of 5G &#40;with special consideration of the 3GPP Release 15 content&#41;, how it enables new services and how it differs from LTE. This includes information on potential use cases, aspects of radio and core networks, spectrum considerations and the services primarily driving 5G development and deployment. <p>The text also looks at 5G in relation to the Internet of Things, machine to machine communication and technical enablers such as LTE&#45;M, NB&#45;IoT and EC&#45;GSM. Additional chapters discuss new business models for telecommunication service providers and vertical industries as a result of introducing 5G, and strategies for staying ahead of the curve. Other topics include: <ul> <li>Key features of the new 5G radio such as descriptions of new waveforms, massive MIMO and beamforming technologies, as well as spectrum considerations for 5G radio regarding all possible bands</li> <li>Drivers, motivations and an overview of the new 5G system &#150; especially RAN architecture and technology enablers &#40;e.g. service&#45;based architecture, compute&#45;storage split and network exposure&#41; for native cloud deployments</li> <li>Mobile edge computing, Non&#45;3GPP access, Fixed&#45;Mobile Convergence</li> <li>Detailed overview of mobility management, session management and Quality of Service frameworks</li> <li>5G security vision and architecture</li> <li>Ultra&#45;low latency and high reliability use cases and enablers, challenges and requirements &#40;e.g. remote control, industrial automation, public safety and V2X communication&#41;</li> <li>An outline of the requirements and challenges imposed by a massive number of devices connected to cellular networks</li> </ul> <p>While some familiarity with the basics of 3GPP networks is helpful, <i>5G for the Connected World</i> is intended for a variety of readers. It will prove a useful guide for telecommunication professionals, standardization experts, network operators, application developers and business analysts &#40;or students working in these fields&#41; as well as infrastructure and device vendors looking to develop and integrate 5G into their products, and deploy 5G radio and core networks.