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"MIGRATION DATA"
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Closing disparities between European sending and receiving international migration flow data
Evidence-based policies to monitor and manage migration flows require accurate data. Data collection on international migration flow statistics is based on a range of data sources and measures. Discrepancies in reported migration flow data are apparent when comparing flow statistics from receiving countries on the number of arriving migrants by their country of origin with statistics from sending countries on the number of departing migrants by their country of destination. In recent decades the relative incompleteness and non-comparability in reported migration statistics have motivated a number of initiatives to improve data in European countries. In this paper we illustrate graphically the discrepancies between sending and receiving migration flow statistics provided to Eurostat by European countries. We find a reduction of the discrepancies between receiving and sending migration flow data after the implementation of regulations to improve the availability and comparability of migration data.
Journal Article
Systematic Approaches to Data Placement, Replication and Migration in Heterogeneous Edge-Cloud Computing Systems: A Comprehensive Literature Review
The advent of Online Social Networks (OSNs) and the Internet-of-Things (IoT) has catalyzed an unprecedented surge in data generation at smart device endpoints. This phenomenon necessitates robust strategies for efficient data distribution and processing on data servers. Furthermore, the burgeoning volume of data intensifies challenges associated with data placement, replication, and migration in edge-cloud computing paradigms. Considerations such as access delay, cost implications, workload balance, and data security become critical parameters in the storage and processing of data from OSNs and IoT devices. Researchers have proposed various strategies to optimize data placement costs, access latency, migration costs, and load balancing constraints. This paper presents an extensive survey on the existing strategies for data placement, data replication, and data migration. The future research directions in edge-cloud computing informed by this survey are also delineated herein.
Journal Article
Do not perish outdated CDS/ISIS data: ABCD ILS from the same family is there to make it alive
Purpose
This paper aims to outline the migration of outdated computerized documentation system/integrated set for information systems (CDS/ISIS) database in to fully functional Web-based Automatización de Bibliotecas y Centros de Documentación (ABCD) integrated library system (ILS), which is derived from the the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) CDS/ISIS software technology.
Design/methodology/approach
The existing integrated set for information systems (ISIS) tags were needed to be remapped as per the tag of MARC-like or structured bibliographic format database by editing integrated set for information systems print formats. Moreover, a sequence of tasks was required to complete the whole process. The major procedures were accomplished as exporting ISIS data into .iso format, creating ABCD database and uploading .iso file into the new database. The next part was configuration and connection with the Web interface after editing PFT.
Findings
CDS/ISIS users who have data in the international organization for standardization format on old versions of CDS/ISIS software applications now have the opportunity to migrate their data into the new application. The detailed process had been outlined not an only successful method of migrating outdated valuable records, also creation of ABCD database.
Originality/value
This paper may help the users of CDS/ISIS or WinISIS to migrate for ABCD and not to expire or give up their valuable data. This is one of the best ways to migrate ISIS data to ABCD with proven functionality. A specific aim of Automatización de Bibliotecas y Centros de Documentación Integrated Library System is to offer a tool for librarians, rather than information communications technology technicians, which is achieved by taking library and information science principles.
Journal Article
Anatomy of a Misfit: International Migration Statistics
Migration is one of the key aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To understand global migration patterns, develop scenarios, design effective policies, focus on the population’s needs, and identify how these needs change over time, we need accurate, reliable and timely data. The gaps in international migration data have persisted since international organizations collect data. To improve the data gaps, there is a need to conceptualize the types of gaps and pinpoint the gaps within the international data systems. To that end, the ultimate objective of this paper is twofold, (i) to review and categorize the gaps in the literature and (ii) assess the statistical data sources, i.e., United Nations Department of Social and Economic Affairs (UN DESA), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), International Organization for Migration (IOM), Eurostat, and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Our results demonstrate that the gaps could be categorized under (1) definitions and measures, (2) drivers or reasons behind migration, (3) geographic coverage, (4) gaps in demographic characteristics and (5) the time lag in the availability of data. The reviewed sources suffer from the gaps, which are not mutually exclusive (they are interlinked): the quality and availability of both migration flows and stocks data vary across regions and countries, and migration statistics highly rely on immigrants’ arrival.
Journal Article
User Beware
The U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) makes publicly and freely available period migration data at the state and county levels. Among their uses, these data inform estimates of net-migration as part of the U.S. Census Bureau’s Population Estimates Program, which, in turn, are used for producing other annual statistics, survey design, business and community planning, and federal funding allocations. Building on and extending prior research, we devote this Research Brief to documenting from multiple new angles a highly concerning and apparently systemic problem with the IRS migration data since the IRS took over responsibilities for preparing these data from the U.S. Census Bureau in 2011. As we then discuss, despite the fact that the IRS provides documentation detailing changes that it made to how it prepares these data relative to how the U.S. Census Bureau prepared them, it is not clear why or how these changes would result in the problem detailed in our analysis. Given that this problem appears to be an internal one within the IRS, we conclude by suggesting that the post 2011–2012 IRS migration data not be used until this problem is resolved, and we encourage the IRS to do so quickly, transparently, and collaboratively.
Journal Article
Evaluation of Polycentric Spatial Structure in the Urban Agglomeration of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) Based on Multi-Source Big Data Fusion
The rapid development of the urban city has led to great changes in the urban spatial structure. Thus, analyses of polycentric urban spatial structures are important for understanding these kinds of structures. In order to accurately evaluate the polycentric spatial structure of urban agglomerations and judge the differences between the actual development situation and overall planning of urban agglomerations, this study proposes a new method to identify the polycentric spatial structure of urban agglomerations in the Pearl River Delta based on the fusion of nighttime light (NTL) data, point of interest (POI) data, and Tencent migration data (TMG). In the first step, the NTL, POI, and TMG data are fused via wavelet transform; in the second step, Anselin local Moran’s I (LMI) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) were used to identify the main centers and subcenters, respectively. In the third step, the accuracy of the results of this study was further verified and discussed in the context of overall planning. The results show that the accuracy of urban polycenter identification via LMI and GWR after data fusion was 92.84%, and the Kappa value was 0.8971, which was higher than the results of polycenter identification via the traditional relative threshold. After comparing the identification results with the overall planning, firstly, we see that the fusion of multi-source big data can help to accurately evaluate the polycentric spatial structure within the urban agglomeration. Secondly, the fusion of dynamic data and static data can help identify the polycentric spatial structure of urban space more accurately. Therefore, this study can provide a new design for urban polycentric spatial structures, and further provide a reliable reference for the spatial optimization of urban agglomeration and the formulation of regional spatial development policies.
Journal Article
Estimating International Migration Flows for Pacific Island Countries: A Research Brief
International migration is an important source of population change and economic development for Pacific Island countries. Migration from the Pacific Island region contributes to labour recruitment in countries like Australia, New Zealand and the United States. However, there are substantial gaps in the understanding of overall migration patterns in this region, impeding the development of relevant policies. In the absence of good migration statistics, we propose and present an alternative approach to examining the levels of migration in the Pacific Island region using model-based estimates. Three sets of recently produced migration flow estimates are consulted to explore the immigration and emigration levels and key migration corridors in the Pacific Island region between 2000 and 2019. Where reported migration statistics are available, we evaluate the performance of model-based estimates and highlight if there are problems with the reported data. This research brief demonstrates the value of model-based estimates to inform migration in the Pacific Island region.
Journal Article
A hybrid blockchain migration framework for converting traditional databases into blockchain-based EMR systems
Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) are crucial to modern healthcare. However, traditional relational databases fail to fulfill increased expectations for integrity, auditability, and compliance in regulated environments. This paper proposes a Hybrid Blockchain Migration Framework that integrates a conventional MySQL-based EMR system (OpenMRS) with a permissioned blockchain network (Hyperledger Fabric). Sensitive data fields are selectively mirrored to the blockchain, ensuring tamper-evident logging while retaining the high performance of SQL for routine operations. A middleware layer, implemented using Java Spring Boot, monitors changes in the EMR and commits cryptographic hashes and metadata to the blockchain in near real-time. We evaluate the hybrid system against both standalone MySQL and full-blockchain implementations using controlled benchmarks, analyzing latency, throughput, resource utilization, and auditability. Results show that the hybrid architecture sustains near-native responsiveness (median 2.1 ms versus 1.6 ms for pure MySQL and 60.5 ms for Fabric) and delivers 480 Transaction Per Second (TPS), while incurring only modest overhead (47% of i7-9750H CPU, 1.15 GB RAM) and enhancing data integrity and compliance with regulations such as Oman’s Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL). The framework is extensible to multi-institutional deployments and supports regulatory alignment, making it a viable pathway for blockchain adoption in clinical settings.
Journal Article
Social Data Migration Concept: Analyzing Transborder Data Flows in the Post-Industrial Economy
Transborder data flows offer opportunities, such as health data sharing, but they also bring risk. Research has explored the tensions between transnational and regional linkages, striving to understand when transborder flows of data bring benefits or drawbacks. By viewing global data flows as a social change process, this commentary strives to complement existing perspectives. It advocates embedding data studies within the framework of social transformation theory to transcend the distinction between theory and its empirical application across diverse social and cultural contexts. Inspired by Stephen Castles’ approach to human migration, it introduces the concept of “social data migration” as a dynamic social transformation. This approach enhances our understanding of the complex, interconnected, and context-dependent nature of transnational flows of data across platforms amid rapid global changes.
Journal Article