Explore the vast range of titles available.

Purpose In our study, we examined the alignment of the G8 Geriatric Screening Tool with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnostic criteria, as well as its effectiveness in identifying malnutrition among geriatric patients with malignancies. Methods In a cross-sectional study, geriatric patients newly diagnosed with malignancy, who had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) score of ≤ 1 and consented to participate, were included. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnostic criteria were employed to diagnose malnutrition. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the G8 tool, the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire in identifying malnutrition. Results According to the GLIM diagnostic criteria, 79 (57%) of 138 patients had malnutrition. Muscle strength and muscle mass were significantly lower in patients with malnutrition ( p  = 0.022, p  < 0.001, respectively). Scores of the MNA-SF, the MNA and the G8 tool area under the curve (AUC) in ROC curve analysis for malnutrition were 0.859, 0.804 and 0.829, respectively. Conclusion This study illustrates that the G8 tool is efficacious in screening for malnutrition prior to the application of the GLIM diagnostic criteria in geriatric oncology patients.

Background Although commonly observed, malnutrition is poorly characterized and frequently underdiagnosed in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The ability of nutritional screening tools to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with RCC has not been adequately validated. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of nutritional screening tools and their additional prognostic value in patients with metastatic RCC treated with targeted therapies. Methods Patients were prospectively recruited from three tertiary hospitals between 2009 and 2013. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment–Short Form (MNA–SF). Their OS and early grade 3/4 adverse events were recorded as outcomes of interest, and their associations with nutritional status were assessed using Cox regression and logistic regression, respectively. The incremental value in prognostication was evaluated using concordance index and decision curve analyses. Results Of the 300 enrolled patients, 95 (31.7%) and 64 (21.3%) were classified as being at risk of malnutrition according to the GNRI and MNA–SF, respectively. Both GNRI and MNA–SF were independent predictors of OS in multivariate analyses and provided significant added benefit to Heng risk classification. Compared with the MNA–SF, the GNRI contributed a higher increment to the concordance index (0.041 vs. 0.016). Nutritional screening, however, was not associated with early grade 3/4 adverse events in multivariate analyses. Further investigations are needed using more comprehensive and accurate assessment tools. Conclusions This prospective study confirmed the importance of nutritional screening tools in survival prognostication in patients with metastatic RCC. The standardized and objective measurements would allow clinicians to identify metastatic RCC patients at risk of poor survival outcomes. Individualized nutritional assessment and intervention strategies may be included in the multidisciplinary treatment.

Background: Older adults are vulnerable to malnutrition due to physical, psychological, and social factors. Malnutrition, a prevalent and modifiable issue in this population, is associated with an elevated risk of adverse clinical outcomes. The purpose of the study is to assess the nutritional status of older adult individuals admitted to a general hospital and examine its correlation with socio-health and demographic variables. Methods: The study included 239 individuals aged 70 and above, employing a cross-sectional descriptive observational approach with a convenience sampling method. Sociodemographic information was gathered, and variables such as cognitive impairment, functional capacity, comorbidities, medication consumption, and nutritional status were evaluated. Statistical analysis involved descriptive calculations, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis, utilizing binary logistic regression. Results: Approximately half of the sample were at risk of malnutrition, with a more notable prevalence among women. Factors such as age (OR = 1.04), cognitive impairment (OR = 1.06), functional dependence (OR = 0.96), and comorbidities (OR = 1.08) were linked to an elevated risk of malnutrition. In our regression model, age, cognitive impairment, and drug consumption emerged as significant predictors of malnutrition risk. Conclusions: Individuals aged 70 and above have a notably high prevalence of malnutrition risk, particularly among those experiencing functional dependence and cognitive impairment. In our sample, cognitive impairment in older adults, coupled with above-median drug consumption, emerges as the primary predictor for malnutrition risk.

Aims The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the nutritional indicators, the mini nutritional assessment‐short form (MNA‐SF), the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), and the controlling nutritional status (CONUT), in heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and results Nutritional status was prospectively assessed by the aforementioned three nutritional indicators in 150 outpatients with HF who were then followed for 1 year. The prevalence of patients with the nutritional risk as assessed by the MNA‐SF, GNRI, and CONUT scores was 50.0%, 13.3%, and 54.0%, respectively. There was slight agreement of nutritional risk assessment between the MNA‐SF and GNRI scores (κ coefficient = 0.16), as well as the GNRI and CONUT scores (κ = 0.11), but poor agreement between the MNA‐SF and CONUT scores (κ = −0.09). The CONUT score had the lowest area under the curve (AUC) for the identification of low body weight, low muscle mass, and low physical function among the three indicators (all P < 0.05). Compared with the MNA‐SF score, both the GNRI and CONUT scores had lower AUCs for the identification of reduced dietary intake and weight loss (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in predicting all‐cause mortality or HF rehospitalization among the three indicators. The prescription of statins reduced the diagnostic performance of the CONUT score, as the CONUT score includes cholesterol level assessment. Conclusions Of the three indicators, the diagnostic ability of the MNA‐SF score was the highest, and that of the CONUT score was the lowest, for the assessment of HF patient nutritional status. The CONUT score may misrepresent nutritional status, particularly in patients receiving statins.

This study aims to identify a new barrier to the use of the Mini-Nutrition Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF), which is a malnutrition assessment tool for the risk assessment of sarcopenia in a nourished population. The MNA-SF was completed, and individuals with a score of > 11 were considered nourished in this cross-sectional feasibility study of a registry. Sarcopenia was assessed in 766 healthy, nourished adults (33.4% men, 64.9 ± 7.1 years) based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). The MNA-SF scores for non-sarcopenia, pre-, confirmed, and severe sarcopenia were 13.59 ± 0.69, 13.73 ± 0.60, 12.64 ± 0.74, and 12.5 ± 0.71, respectively. The higher MNA-SF score association with pre-sarcopenia [odds ratio (OR): 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.86,  = 0.02], confirmed sarcopenia (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13-0.49,  < 0.001), and severe sarcopenia (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.09-0.46,  < 0.001) was as significant as in the MNA-SF categories. Individuals with a score = 13 (compared with 14), had a higher risk of confirmed sarcopenia (OR = 10.07, 95% CI: 1.92-52.71,  = 006) and severe sarcopenia (OR = 12.09, 95% CI: 1.24-117.50,  = 0.032). Individuals with a score of 12 had a higher risk of confirmed sarcopenia (OR = 30.94, 95% CI: 4.25-103.02,  < 0.001) and severe sarcopenia (OR = 35.90, 95% CI: 4.25-303.07,  = 0.001) compared with subjects with a score of 14. The models also showed that MNA-SF < 13 could predict sarcopenia. There was a significant association between MNA-SF and confirmed and severe sarcopenia in nourished people. Sarcopenia assessment in people with MNA-SF < 13 can be beneficial. Developing a tool to identify the risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia at the same time based on MNA-SF can be considered.

Malnutrition is common in stroke patients, as it is associated with neurological and cognitive impairment as well as clinical outcomes. Nutritional screening is a process with which to categorize the risk of malnutrition (i.e., nutritional risk) based on validated tools/procedures, which need to be rapid, simple, cost-effective, and reliable in the clinical setting. This review focuses on the tools/procedures used in stroke patients to assess nutritional risk, with a particular focus on their relationships with patients’ clinical characteristics and outcomes. Different screening tools/procedures have been used in stroke patients, which have shown varying prevalence in terms of nutritional risk (higher in rehabilitation units) and significant relationships with clinical outcomes in the short- and long term, such as infection, disability, and mortality. Indeed, there have been few attempts to compare the usefulness and reliability of the different tools/procedures. More evidence is needed to identify appropriate approaches to assessing nutritional risk among stroke patients in the acute and sub-acute phase of disease or during rehabilitation; to evaluate the impact of nutritional treatment on the risk of malnutrition during hospital stay or rehabilitation unit; and to include nutritional screening in well-defined nutritional care protocols.

Nutrition is an important prevention in old patients with COVID-19. However, in China, there are few studies on the correlation between nutrition and COVID-19. A total of 148 hospitalized COVID-19 (65.7 ± 16.0 [range: from 21 to 101] years old) patients were enrolled in this study. The information of demographic, biochemical results, vaccination doses, types of COVID-19, PCR test negative conversion time, and scores of Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) for evaluating nutritional status were recorded. We first explored the relationships between MNA-SF performance and the severities of COVID-19 in the groups with non-vaccinated, vaccinated, and all the patients using multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Further, we explored the relationships between performance of MNA-SF and the time of negative conversion of PCR in the groups with non-vaccinated, vaccinated, and all the patients using COX proportional hazards survival regression. Group of patients with malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition group was associated with older of the age, those who had not been vaccinated, in fewer people who were asymptomatic type and in more people who showed longer of the negative conversion time of PCR, lower of the BMI, and the lower of the hemoglobin level. Each additional increase of one point of MNA-SF was associated with a 17% decrease in the odds of a worse type of COVID-19 in all patients, and the significant result exists in non-vaccinated patients. One point increase of MNA-SF was associated with increased 11% of hazard ratios of turning negative of PCR and well-nourished group was associated with increased 46% of hazard ratio of turning negative of PCR. Higher nutrition is associated with less severity of COVID-19, especially in the non-vaccinated group. Higher nutrition is also associated with shorter time of turning negative of PCR in non-ICU COVID-19 patients.

A tool to assess nutritional status in older persons was really needed. It took 5 years to design the MNA® (Mini Nutrition Assessment) tool, complete the first validations studies both in Europe and in the U.S. and to publish it. After the full MNA®, the MNA® short form and the self-MNA® have been validated. As well as Chinese and other national MNA® forms. Now more than 2000 clinical research have used the MNA® all over the world from community care to hospital. At least 22 Expert groups included the MNA® in new clinical practice guidelines, national or international registries. The MNA® is presently included in almost all geriatric and nutrition textbook and part of the teaching program for medicine and other health care professional worldwide. The urgent need is to target the frail older adults more likely to have weight loss and poor appetite and to prevent frailty and weight loss in the robust. We present in this paper the review of 30 years of clinical research and practice using the MNA® worldwide.

In this study, magnetite nano-adsorbent (MNA) was extracted from mill scale waste products, synthesized and applied to eliminate Cu2+ from an aqueous solution. Mill scale waste product was ground using conventional milling and impacted using high-energy ball milling (HEBM) for varying 3, 5, and 7 milling hours. In this regard, the prepared MNA was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and zeta potential. The resultant MNA-7 h milling time displayed a crystalline structure with irregular shapes of 11.23 nm, specific surface area of 5.98 m2g−1, saturation magnetization, Ms of 8.35 emug−1, and isoelectric point charge at pH 5.4. The optimum adsorption capacity, qe of 4.42 mg.g−1 for the removal of Cu2+ ions was attained at 120 min of contact time. The experimental data were best fitted to the Temkin isotherm model. A comparison between experimental kinetic studies and the theoretical aspects showed that the pseudo-second-order matched the experimental trends with a correlation coefficient of (R2 > 0.99). Besides, regeneration efficiency of 70.87% was achieved after three cycles of reusability studies. The MNA offers a practical, efficient, low-cost approach to reutilize mill scale waste products and provide ultra-fast separation to remove Cu2+ from water.

The increasing number of elderly people worldwide throughout the years is concerning due to the health problems often faced by this population. This review aims to summarize the nutritional status among hospitalized elderly and the role of the nutritional assessment tools in this issue. A literature search was performed on six databases using the terms \"malnutrition\", \"hospitalised elderly\", \"nutritional assessment\", \"Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)\", \"Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI)\", and \"Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)\". According to the previous studies, the prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized elderly shows an increasing trend not only locally but also across the world. Under-recognition of malnutrition causes the number of malnourished hospitalized elderly to remain high throughout the years. Thus, the development of nutritional screening and assessment tools has been widely studied, and these tools are readily available nowadays. SGA, MNA, and GNRI are the nutritional assessment tools developed specifically for the elderly and are well validated in most countries. However, to date, there is no single tool that can be considered as the universal gold standard for the diagnosis of nutritional status in hospitalized patients. It is important to identify which nutritional assessment tool is suitable to be used in this group to ensure that a structured assessment and documentation of nutritional status can be established. An early and accurate identification of the appropriate treatment of malnutrition can be done as soon as possible, and thus, the malnutrition rate among this group can be minimized in the future.