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The present study is an effort to gather research aspects for religious education in Pakistan. Religious education, most commonly known as madrasa education, has a profound history titled as Nizamiyah. Historical changes in the Muslim regions have influenced this mode of education as well. It has been argued by some researchers that positivity of faith based education has diminished due to the changes in international political and economical scenario. Terrorism was found to be a strongly associated variable with madrasa education and researchers have reasoned it with poverty, strong mentoring system and misconceptualizations of some religious beliefs. This study has found that while madrasas are perceived very negatively, research shows that there are positive influences regarding availability of education and women empowerment. The negativity is attributed largely to media misrepresentation and political interests.

In this study, the effect of sulfation due to air pollution in the portals of the Ince Minareli Madrasa built of pyroclastic rocks and the Karatay Madrasas (Konya, Turkey) built of marble was investigated. Since the sulfur element in sulfate salts is represented as sulfate, the sulfur contour maps (SCM), obtained by transferring the portable X-ray fluorescence measurements onto the orthophotographs, also show the sulfated crust formation, distribution and anomaly regions on the portal surfaces. Additionally, the anomaly regions originating from the difference in thermal conduction between the sulfated crusts and portal surfaces on thermal camera images were determined, and they were observed to be compatible with the anomaly regions on SCM. However, the size of this correlation depends on the chemistry of the building stone and the thickness of the sulfated crusts. Then, it was determined that the anomaly regions on SCM were distributed in relation to the washing out of sulfated crusts by rainfall and capillary moisture content. Accordingly, portal surfaces were divided into three as the sheltered, washing and capillary regions. Consequently, it was demonstrated that the sulfation effect due to air pollution on historical building surfaces which have appropriate rock chemistry can be determined by non-destructive testing methods like using the SCM supported by infrared thermography. The fact that the method is simple and repeatable and is easily applicable to other buildings was considered as the most important success of the method.

Konya, a city that has hosted various civilizations throughout history, has a rich architectural culture. Konya became an important center in the fields of culture, art and education after it became the capital during the Anatolian Seljuk Period. In this period, it was equipped with very magnificent architectural structures and this situation continued in the Principalities and Ottoman Period. In line with the importance given to education and cultural activities, the tradition of opening madrasahs that started with the Seljuks continued with the Karamanids and Ottomans, and many madrasahs were built during the process. These madrasahs were both an important focal point in the city and contributed to the shaping of the city. This research focuses on the impact of madrasahs on the shaping of Konya city center with the awareness that the traces of madrasahs appear in different forms in the urban fabric not only during their period but also centuries later. In this direction, first, the madrasahs in the Konya city center were identified, and then the traces of 86 madrasahs that could be identified in today's city center were questioned. Because of the investigation, it was determined that madrasahs had both physical and spiritual effects on the shaping of the Konya city center. It has been determined that the themes of the madrasahs and the type of construction in the relevant region today are similar, that the madrasahs play a role in the naming of the neighborhood where they are located, and that they contribute to the preservation of urban memory.

Moosa takes you into the world of madrasa classrooms, scholars and texts, recounting the daily life and discipline of the inhabitants. He shows that madrasa are a living, changing entity, and the site of contestation between groups with varying agendas, goals and notions of modernity.

Objective: This study aims  to describe the efforts of madrasa supervisors in improving the quality of education at MTs Negeri 1 Baubau and MTs Al-Syaikh Abdul Wahid Kota Baubau, to reveal the supporting and inhibiting factors for improving the quality of education at MTs Negeri 1 Baubau and MTs Al-Syaikh Abdul Wahid Baubau City.   Method: The methodology used is the technique of observation, interviews, and documentation. Then the collected data is analyzed based on data reduction, presenting the data, then drawing conclusions using religious, pedagogical, and sociological approaches.   Result and conclusion: The results of this study were supervisors (1) coaching and supervising teachers, (2) improving madrasa management, (3) creating collaboration with madrasa heads, and (4) examining learning tools The findings of this study are (1) the supervisors of MTs Negeri 1 Baubau conduct training in an effort to improve the quality of education by training teachers to use digital, which researchers term learning using a digital approach, (2) Inspectors at Al-Syaikh Abdul Wahid Private MTs Baubau City conduct training activities outside or outside study hours, based on a group agreement, which is a staggered supervisor activity, and other supervisors have never done so.   Research implications: The supporting factors are (1) there is openness from the teacher, (2) there is a willingness (curiosity/curiosity) from the teacher to teach properly and correctly, (3) the teacher obeys and obeys his superiors, (4) establishing cooperation between the teacher and the head of the madrasah.   Originality/value: With the completion of this paper, even though it is in a simple form, the researcher suggests to the readers that: To improve the development of teachers and educational staff, the madrasa supervisor tries to maximize the implementation of his duties and functions as a madrasa supervisor in Baubau City.

The evidence clearly shows that education greatly impacts people’s well-being. Bangladesh has two main education systems—general and traditional religious schooling. The current study aimed to measure the quality of life of madrasa students and find out the factors influencing it. This was a cross-sectional study on a group of madrasa students in the Mirpur area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected using two-stage stratified random sampling between April and May 2022. The final sample size was 373. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was calculated using the KIDSCREEN-10 index, and the median split was used to categorize the score into ‘good’ and ‘poor’ categories. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all statistical tests. Among the participants, most (56%) reported having a good HRQoL. The median age (IQR) of the participants was 10.0 (8.0–12.0) years. Most of the participants were male (91%) and were not orphans (95%). The current study also found that a higher feeling of safety (AOR 3.7; 95% CI 1.3–10.4; p = 0.016) increased the odds of having good HRQoL. However, having a present illness decreased the odds (AOR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4–0.9; p = 0.10) of having a good HRQoL. The key results show that the majority reported a good HRQoL. Promoting students’ physical, mental, and social well-being through health education, anti-bullying initiatives, regular school health screening, and institutional & community involvement can help to improve the overall HRQoL of madrasa students.

The dichotomy of education still exists in the last decade in Indonesia; meanwhile, education must prepare ideal human beings for the nation's future. This study aims to explore and examine the improvement of Madrasas by integrating traditionalism-modernism in Indonesia to produce competitive graduates. Through document reviews, interviews, observations in data collection, and descriptive-interpretive methods in data analysis, this qualitative study found that the quality of Madrasa can be achieved by integrating traditionalism-modernism in Madrasa, especially in the aspects of the curriculum and teaching-learning process. In a curriculum aspect, madrasas implement the integrated madrasah-pesantren curriculum intensively; in a teaching-learning part, madrasas apply a discovery learning approach. The competitiveness and excellence of madrasa graduates are formed by the integration of traditionalism-modernism education through an integrated curriculum and discovery learning approach in the teaching-learning process. Through these aspects, madrasas can promote graduates' quality. This study was limited to a small sample, limited cases involving only a few informants, and determined to five sites. Further studies to accommodate samples, cases, groups of informants, and broader educational institutions need to be carried out. It also needs a comparative approach among sites to gain an in-depth understanding of the topic.

Education is an important instrument of change; though the process is usually very slow - very different from revolution - and its broad impact cannot easily and clearly observed. Good and balanced education will expectedly have a good impact on society, economy and politics; while, bad policy and culture of education will accordingly have the opposite effect. This article analyses the change in religious education in the Abbasid realm in the 11th and 12th centuries and its relation with the socio-political change in the region. This study finds that those changes were approximately concurrent and suggests mutual influence between them. For deeper analysis, this study uses the concept of education proposed by Syed Muhammad Naquib (SMN) al-Attas.

Since the Taliban seized Kabul in 1996, the public has grappled with the relationship between Islamic education and radical Islam. Media reports tend to paint madrasas--religious schools dedicated to Islamic learning--as medieval institutions opposed to all that is Western and as breeding grounds for terrorists. Others have claimed that without reforms, Islam and the West are doomed to a clash of civilizations. Robert Hefner and Muhammad Qasim Zaman bring together eleven internationally renowned scholars to examine the varieties of modern Muslim education and their implications for national and global politics. The contributors provide new insights into Muslim culture and politics in countries as different as Morocco, Egypt, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. They demonstrate that Islamic education is neither timelessly traditional nor medieval, but rather complex, evolving, and diverse in its institutions and practices. They reveal that a struggle for hearts and minds in Muslim lands started long before the Western media discovered madrasas, and that Islamic schools remain on its front line. Schooling Islamis the most comprehensive work available in any language on madrasas and Islamic education.

The mashrabiya is a key element that characterizes Islamic architecture, and in recent years it has been reintroduced into public building designs, partially due to its strong symbolic significance. Focusing on the application of mashrabiyas in historical public buildings, this work aims to contribute by examining the use of this architectural element in traditional Islamic public architecture. This area has received comparatively less attention in the existing literature, which predominantly focuses on residential applications. While the functions and applications of mashrabiyas in the residential context are well documented, their role within public structures remains less explored. This study investigates their functions in eight case studies from Egypt, Syria, Morocco, and India, spanning four public building types: mosques, Quranic schools, bimaristans, and caravanserais. The methodology considers the mashrabiya within four categories of public buildings in Islamic architecture across diverse geographical contexts, trying to understand possible unique characteristics in its form, material, and function. The choice of this method is based on the need to identify possible analogies or specific differences among the various examples of mashrabiya analyzed within their respective typologies. The results show that the mashrabiya in Islamic public buildings has transcended its functional aspects to hold a symbolic meaning in Islamic culture. Over the centuries, it has been a significant and constant presence in Islamic public buildings. The choice of materials—wood and stone—reflects geographical and technological influences; however, despite design variations, all refer to abstract geometric motifs central to Islamic decorative tradition.