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"Magnetism Experiments"
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Excellent experiments with electricity and magnetism
Ever wonder how astronauts are able to breathe a continuous supply of oxygen in space? This hands-on approach to electricity and magnetism lets readers conduct experiments to answer this and other fascinating questions! Readers will love learning that the scientific principles they re applying at home have real-world applications. For example, they ll rock out on their own electric drums while learning about technological advances in professional instruments. Simple step-by-step instructions accompanied by detailed photographs make each activity accessible, while handy tips ensure readers safety and fun. Budding scientists will enjoy exploring the recommended twists and additions to experiments.
Book
Writing and reading antiferromagnetic Mn2Au by Néel spin-orbit torques and large anisotropic magnetoresistance
Using antiferromagnets as active elements in spintronics requires the ability to manipulate and read-out the Néel vector orientation. Here we demonstrate for Mn
2
Au, a good conductor with a high ordering temperature suitable for applications, reproducible switching using current pulse generated bulk spin-orbit torques and read-out by magnetoresistance measurements. Reversible and consistent changes of the longitudinal resistance and planar Hall voltage of star-patterned epitaxial Mn
2
Au(001) thin films were generated by pulse current densities of ≃10
7
A/cm
2
. The symmetry of the torques agrees with theoretical predictions and a large read-out magnetoresistance effect of more than ≃6% is reproduced by ab initio transport calculations.
The zero net moment of antiferromagnets makes them insensitive to magnetic fields and enables ultrafast dynamics promising for novel spintronics. Here the authors achieved pulse current induced Néel vector switching in Mn
2
Au(001) epitaxial thin films, which is associated with a large magnetoresistive effect allowing simple read-out.
Journal Article
Experiments with electricity and magnetism
Through clear instructions and scientific illustrations, students can conduct easy yet engaging experiments to examine the principles of electricity and magnetism. Using easy-to-obtain household materials, readers will make a battery from electric cells, test objects to see if they are conductors or insulators, and build a simple electric motor. Readers are guided through applying the scientific method to gain a better understanding of the basic concepts demonstrated by each experiment. Safety tips educate students on the code of conduct expected when conducting experiments.
Book
Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in an ultracold SU(N) Hubbard model
Mott insulators are paradigmatic examples of strongly correlated physics from which many phases of quantum matter with hard-to-explain properties emerge. Extending the typical SU(2) spin symmetry of Mott insulators to SU(
N
) is predicted to produce exotic quantum magnetism at low temperatures. In this work, we experimentally observe nearest-neighbour spin correlations in a SU(6) Hubbard model realized by ytterbium atoms in optical lattices. We study one-dimensional, two-dimensional square and three-dimensional cubic lattice geometries. The measured SU(6) spin correlations are enhanced compared with the SU(2) correlations, owing to strong Pomeranchuk cooling. The experimental data for a one-dimensional lattice agree qualitatively with our theoretical calculations, with an error of at most 30%, without any fitting parameters. Detailed comparison between theory and experiment allows us to infer the temperature to be the lowest achieved for a cold-atom Fermi–Hubbard model. For three-dimensional lattices, the experiments reach entropies below the regime where our calculations converge, highlighting the importance of these experiments as quantum simulations.
A cold-atom simulator has realized a popular many-body model of quantum magnetism in regimes that cannot be easily studied theoretically, achieving the record-coldest fermions ever seen.
Journal Article
Junior scientists. Experiment with magnets
Using simple text and pictures, this book present experiments with magnets that can be performed by young students.
Book
Extremely large magnetoresistance and ultrahigh mobility in the topological Weyl semimetal candidate NbP
Weyl semimetals are predicted to exhibit a host of unusual transport properties. NbP, a system predicted to share characteristics of both normal and Weyl semimetals, is now shown to have a very large, non-saturating magnetoresistance.
Recent experiments have revealed spectacular transport properties in semimetals, such as the large, non-saturating magnetoresistance exhibited by WTe
2
(ref.
1
). Topological semimetals with massless relativistic electrons have also been predicted
2
as three-dimensional analogues of graphene
3
. These systems are known as Weyl semimetals, and are predicted to have a range of exotic transport properties and surface states
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
, distinct from those of topological insulators
8
,
9
. Here we examine the magneto-transport properties of NbP, a material the band structure of which has been predicted to combine the hallmarks of a Weyl semimetal
10
,
11
with those of a normal semimetal. We observe an extremely large magnetoresistance of 850,000% at 1.85 K (250% at room temperature) in a magnetic field of up to 9 T, without any signs of saturation, and an ultrahigh carrier mobility of 5 × 10
6
cm
2
V
−1
s
−1
that accompanied by strong Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillations. NbP therefore presents a unique example of a material combining topological and conventional electronic phases, with intriguing physical properties resulting from their interplay.
Journal Article
A project guide to electricity and magnetism
Looks at the history of the study of electricity and magnetism and presents science experiments and projects that demonstrate these principles.
Book
Error mitigation extends the computational reach of a noisy quantum processor
Quantum computation, a paradigm of computing that is completely different from classical methods, benefits from theoretically proved speed-ups for certain problems and can be used to study the properties of quantum systems
1
. Yet, because of the inherently fragile nature of the physical computing elements (qubits), achieving quantum advantages over classical computation requires extremely low error rates for qubit operations, as well as substantial physical qubits, to realize fault tolerance via quantum error correction
2
,
3
. However, recent theoretical work
4
,
5
has shown that the accuracy of computation (based on expectation values of quantum observables) can be enhanced through an extrapolation of results from a collection of experiments of varying noise. Here we demonstrate this error mitigation protocol on a superconducting quantum processor, enhancing its computational capability, with no additional hardware modifications. We apply the protocol to mitigate errors in canonical single- and two-qubit experiments and then extend its application to the variational optimization
6
–
8
of Hamiltonians for quantum chemistry and magnetism
9
. We effectively demonstrate that the suppression of incoherent errors helps to achieve an otherwise inaccessible level of accuracy in the variational solutions using our noisy processor. These results demonstrate that error mitigation techniques will enable substantial improvements in the capabilities of near-term quantum computing hardware.
The accuracy of computations on noisy, near-term quantum systems can be enhanced by extrapolating results from experiments with various noise levels, without requiring additional hardware modifications.
Journal Article