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"Malayalam language Texts"
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Study of automatic text summarization approaches in different languages
Nowadays we see huge amount of information is available on both, online and offline sources. For single topic we see hundreds of articles are available, containing vast amount of information about it. It is really a difficult task to manually extract the useful information from them. To solve this problem, automatic text summarization systems are developed. Text summarization is a process of extracting useful information from large documents and compressing them into short summary preserving all important content. This survey paper hand out a broad overview on the work done in the field of automatic text summarization in different languages using various text summarization approaches. The focal centre of this survey paper is to present the research done on text summarization on Indian languages such as, Hindi, Punjabi, Bengali, Malayalam, Kannada, Tamil, Marathi, Assamese, Konkani, Nepali, Odia, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu and Gujarati and foreign languages such as Arabic, Chinese, Greek, Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Czeh, Rome, Urdu, Indonesia Bhasha and many more. This paper provides the knowledge and useful support to the beginner scientists in this research area by giving a concise view on various feature extraction methods and classification techniques required for different types of text summarization approaches applied on both Indian and non-Indian languages.
Journal Article
Scene text recognition: an Indic perspective
Exploring Scene Text Recognition (STR) in Indian languages is an important research domain due to its wide applications. This paper proposes a spatial attention-based model (LaSA-Net) that combines visual features and language knowledge for word recognition from scene image word segments. We augment the classical cross-entropy loss with a novel language-attunement loss that enables the model to learn valid and prevalent character sequences in the word. This enhances the model’s ability to perform zero-shot word recognition. Further, to compensate for the lack of rotational invariance in CNN based feature extraction backbone, we propose a training data augmentation strategy involving the creation of glyphs: images of individual characters of different orientations. This improves LaSA-Net’s ability to recognize words in images with curved/vertically aligned text, alleviating the need for computationally expensive preprocessing modules. Our experiments with Tamil, Malayalam, and Telugu scripts on the IIIT-ILST datasets have achieved new benchmark results and outperformed other state-of-the-art STR models.
Journal Article
CINEMATIC NARRATIVES OF FRACTURED SELVES: IDENTITY FORMATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA, AND DEFENSE MECHANISMS IN ’TAMASHA’, ‘THE GREAT INDIAN KITCHEN’ AND ‘FANDRY
This article examines the intricate interplay of psychological trauma, identity formation, and defense mechanisms in three contemporary Indian films:Tamasha (2015, Hindi), The Great Indian Kitchen (2021, Malayalam), and Fandry (2013, Marathi). Adopting a triangulated, mixed-methods approach that integrates psychoanalytic close reading, sociocultural critique, and visual semiotic analysis, the study investigates how cinematic narratives function as cultural texts that mirror and contest hegemonic structures such as patriarchy, caste hierarchy, and neoliberal individuation. The central research question guiding this inquiry is: How do these films depict psychological defense mechanisms in response to sociocultural trauma, and how do they challenge dominant identity narratives through formal and thematic choices? Grounded in the psychoanalytic frameworks of Sigmund Freud (structural model of the psyche; defense mechanisms such as repression and sublimation), Anna Freud (developmental schema of defenses), and Jacques Lacan (the Symbolic, the Imaginary, the Real; the fragmented subject), the analysis also draws from Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory of identity crisis, Frantz Fanon's theory of racial alienation and \"epidermalization,\" and Homi Bhabha's concepts of mimicry and hybridity. Judith Butler's theory of performativity also lends critical insight into the gendered dimensions of trauma and resistance. In Tamasha, the protagonist's fractured identity is read through Lacan's notion of \"lack\" and Freudian sublimation, illuminating the conflict between societal conformity and authentic creativity. The Great Indian Kitchen employs spatial repetition and silence to depict gendered trauma and domestic oppression, analyzed via feminist psychoanalysis and Butler's performativity. Fandry foregrounds caste-based humiliation and resistance through Fanon's framework of internalized oppression and Erikson's identity-stage conflict. The study contributes to interdisciplinary scholarship in postcolonial film studies, identity politics, and trauma theory by examining how these films aesthetically and psychologically negotiate trauma. It argues that cinema not only narrativizes personal suffering but also performs acts of cultural and political subversion, affirming that the personal is political and that trauma narratives are integral to reimagining selfhood in postcolonial societies.
Journal Article
Polyglossic Malabar: Arabi-Malayalam and the Muhiyuddinmala in the age of transition (1600s–1750s)
This article examines the relations between trade, faith, and textual traditions in early modern Indian Ocean region and the birth of Arabi-Malayalam, a new system of writing which has facilitated the growth of a vernacular Islamic textual tradition in Malabar since the seventeenth century. As a transliterated scriptorial-literary tradition, Arabi-Malayalam emerged out of the polyglossic lingual sphere of the Malabar Coast, and remains as one of the important legacies of social and religious interactions in precolonial south Asia. The first part of this article examines the social, epistemic and normative reasons that led to the scriptorial birth of Arabi-Malayalam, moving beyond a handful of Malayalam writings that locate its origin in the social and economic necessities of Arab traders in the early centuries of Islam. The second part looks at the complex relationship between Muslim scribes and their vernacular audience in the aftermath of Portuguese violence and destruction of Calicut—one of the largest Indian Ocean ports before the sixteenth century. This part focuses on Qadi Muhammed bin Abdul Aziz and his Muhiyuddinmala, the first identifiable text in Arabi-Malayalam, examining how the Muhiyuddinmala represents a transition from classical Arabic theological episteme to the vernacular-popular poetic discourse which changed the pietistic behaviour of the Mappila Muslims of Malabar.
Journal Article
Handwriting-Based Text Line Segmentation from Malayalam Documents
Optical character recognition systems for Malayalam handwritten documents have become an open research area. A major hindrance in this research is the unavailability of a benchmark database. Therefore, a new database of 402 Malayalam handwritten document images and ground truth images of 7535 text lines is developed for the implementation of the proposed technique. This paper proposes a technique for the extraction of text lines from handwritten documents in the Malayalam language, specifically based on the handwriting of the writer. Text lines are extracted based on horizontal and vertical projection values, the size of the handwritten characters, the height of the text lines and the curved nature of the Malayalam alphabet. The proposed technique is able to overcome incorrect segmentation due to the presence of characters written with spaces above or below other characters and the overlapping of lines because of ascenders and descenders. The performance of the proposed method for text line extraction is quantitatively evaluated using the MatchScore value metric and is found to be 85.507%. The recognition accuracy, detection rate and F-measure of the proposed method are found to be 99.39%, 85.5% and 91.92%, respectively. It is experimentally verified that the proposed method outperforms some of the existing language-independent text line extraction algorithms.
Journal Article