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The linguistic description of Maltese has experienced an invigorating renaissance in the last ten years.As an Arabic language with a heavily mixed lexicon, Maltese serves as a laboratory for questions of linguistic variation on all linguistics levels, bilingualism, and language contact.

This volume is a collection of up-to-date articles on Maltese on all linguistic levels, demonstrating the variety of topics Maltese has to offer for linguists of all specializations. Two diachronic studies discuss the early contact of Maltese and Sicilian Arabic (Avram) and the possible lexical influence of Occitan-Catalan on Maltese in the 13th-15th century (Biosca & Castellanos).Fabri & Borg shed light on the rules that govern verb sequences in Maltese. Čéplö presents a corpus analysis of the syntactic and semantic properties of focus constructions in Maltese. Stolz & Ahrens analyze the behavior of prepositional phrases with identical heads under coordination. Wilmsen & Al-Sayyed study the use of muš as a negator in Maltese and beyond. Puech presents a detailed phonological analysis of Maltese and Tunisian Arabic based on prosody, syllabic structure, and stress. Azzopardi-Alexander gives a fine-grained analysis of phonological features in Maltese English, placing speakers on a Maltese-English continuum. Sciriha takes a visual approach to multilingualism in Malta with her quantitative study of public and private signs. Finally, Versteegh offers a thought-provoking perspective on the notion \"mixed language\" and its viability.

We propose, and provide corpus-based support for, a usage-based explanation for cross-linguistic trends in the coding of causal–noncausal verb pairs, such as raise/rise, break (tr.)/break (intr.). While English mostly uses the same verb form both for the causal and the noncausal sense (labile coding), most languages have extra coding for the causal verb (causative coding) and/or for the noncausal verb (anticausative coding). Causative and anticausative coding is not randomly distributed (Haspelmath 1993): Some verb meanings, such as 'freeze', 'dry' and 'melt', tend to be coded as causatives, while others, such as 'break', 'open' and 'split', tend to be coded as anticausatives. We propose an explanation of these coding tendencies on the basis of the form–frequency correspondence principle, which is a general efficiency principle that is responsible for many grammatical asymmetries, ultimately grounded in predictability of frequently expressed meanings. In corpus data from seven languages, we find that verb pairs for which the noncausal member is more frequent tend to be coded as anticausatives, while verb pairs for which the causal member is more frequent tend to be coded as causatives. Our approach implies that linguists should not rely on form–meaning parallelism when trying to explain cross-linguistic or language-particular patterns in this domain.

This article discusses the findings of qualitative case-study research that looks at pedagogical contexts of adult education programs for migrants in Cyprus, Scotland, Malta, and Estonia. The goal of this research is to understand how Learner-Centered Education (LCE) is promoted within a human-rights framework and implemented as an approach to emancipatory social change. The findings show significant discrepancies in the implementation of LCE. Differences emerged between educational interventions that influence the language-learning and assimilation-integration processes of adults with migrant backgrounds. Informed by these findings, this article builds a case for Emancipatory Learner-Centered Education (ELCE)—a pedagogical approach that goes beyond course adaptations, to engage migrants in consciousness-raising and confidence-building, while fostering communal action between migrants and adult educators.

The linguistic practices of the semiotic groups engaged in legal education, courtroom litigation or public administration in Malta seem to point to a trajectory where the mixity of Malta's legal system is quickly being renegotiated and reconfigured. This may be difficult to appreciate at first because, on the surface, the linguistic arrangement remains unchanged, just as the morphology of the words remains unaltered. Under the surface, how ever, English is exercising a firm and persistent traction on the meanings of Maltese words with Italianate morphology that has the potential to affect access to the legal sources of Malta's civil law heritage. New (false) friends can thus become useful tools to identify changes in the source languages which ultimately lead to deep, systemic changes, particularly meaningful in mixed jurisdictions as they can enhance or deprive access to the legal sources of a legal tradition.

This paper explores the media discourse surrounding the implementation of the gender corrective mechanism in Malta, focusing on online English-language newspapers from March 26, 2019 to May 2022. The study analyses how women journalists, experts, and politicians perceived and reported on this legislative initiative, which aimed to address the underrepresentation of women in Maltese politics. By conducting a reflexive thematic analysis, the paper identifies recurring themes related to the historical context, barriers to women's political participation, and the effectiveness of the quota system. The findings reveal varied perspectives among women on the mechanism's potential to foster gender equality in parliament, highlighting both support and criticism of the quota's impact on democratic processes. The study underscores the significance of media representation in shaping public understanding of gender-related political reforms.

Since the 1980s, Barcelona's local institutions have been pioneers in creating a close relationship between culture, urban regeneration, and the social and economic development of the city, and subsequently in implementing a new paradigm in cultural policy for entrepreneurial, cultural, and creative cities. As a consequence, the city has also become a model for place branding and cultural tourism. In this context, Born, an archaeological site of the early eighteenth century which offers detailed testimony to both the cultural and economic lifestyle of the city at that time and the defeat of the Catalans during the War of the Spanish Succession, has been preserved and opened to the public in line with the city's varying cultural policies and attitudes to national identity over the last two decades. This article discusses Born from 2000 to 2017 and the political and cultural management context in relation to the Barcelona model that has defined its current form as a cultural centre. In this context, this article also discusses the role of archaeology in Barcelona's cultural governance, as a case study through which to consider the role of urban archaeological heritage management today. Depuis les années 1980, les institutions locales de Barcelone ont joué un rôle pionnier dans la création de relations plus étroites entre la culture, la réhabilitation urbaine et le développement social et économique de la ville, puis dans la mise en œuvre d'un nouveau modèle de politique culturelle destiné aux villes à vocations entrepreneuriales, culturelles et créatives. Ainsi la ville est devenue un modèle de tourisme culturel et d’élaboration d'une image de marque pour un lieu donné. C'est dans ce contexte qu'El Born, un site archéologique qui a produit des indications détaillées sur la vie culturelle et économique de la ville au début du XVIIIe siècle et sur la défaite des Catalans pendant la Guerre de Succession d'Espagne, a été conservé et ouvert au public conformément aux diverses politiques et attitudes de la ville envers l'identité nationale qui ont eu cours durant les deux dernières décennies. Dans cet article, il sera question d'El Born entre 2000 et 2017 et du contexte dans lequel sa gestion politique et culturelle s'est inscrite par rapport au modèle de Barcelone, un modèle qui a déterminé le centre culturel sous sa forme actuelle. On examinera aussi le rôle de l'archéologie dans la gestion culturelle de Barcelone, une étude de cas pouvant servir à considérer le rôle que la gestion du patrimoine archéologique urbain joue de nos jours. Translation by Madeleine Hummler Seit den 1980er Jahren haben die lokalen Institutionen in Barcelona als Pioniere bei der Förderung von engen Beziehungen zwischen Kultur, Stadterneuerung und die soziale und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung der Stadt gewirkt, und dann bei der Verwirklichung eines neuen Modells in der Kulturpolitik von unternehmerischen, kulturellen und kreativen Städten. Dadurch ist die Stadt ein Modell der Markenbildung eines Ortes und des Kulturtourismus geworden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist El Born, eine archäologische Stätte des frühen 18. Jahrhunderts mit ausführlichen Angaben über das kulturelle und wirtschaftliche Leben in der derzeitigen Stadt und über den Niederschlag der Katalanen im Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg, erhalten worden und der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich gemacht worden, in Übereinstimmung mit den verschiedenen Strategien und Einstellungen zur nationalen Identität, die in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten in der Stadt vorlagen. In diesem Artikel wird El Born zwischen 2000 und 2017 und seine politische und denkmalpflegerische Führung in Bezug auf das Barcelona Modell, welche seine aktuelle Form als Kulturzentrum geprägt hat, dargelegt. Dabei wird auch die Bedeutung der Archäologie in der Leitung des Kulturbereichs in Barcelona als Fallstudie für die Rolle der Bodendenkmalpflege in den heutigen Städten untersucht. Translation by Madeleine Hummler

BACKGROUND Population ageing is unavoidable in Europe, but perhaps its impact on labor force is not. In the context of a new demographic regime of high immigration and low fertility, differentials in labor force participation and educational attainment can be more consequential for the labor force than either the number of immigrants or structure of the overall population. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to investigate how improvements in both educational attainment (especially among children with a low educated mother or an immigration background) and labor force participation (especially of women and immigrants) could impact the future labor force in the European Union. METHODS We used a microsimulation model called CEPAM-Mic to project the labor force of EU28 countries. CEPAM-Mic incorporates heterogeneity among different groups and allows the development of alternative scenarios concerning educational attainment and labor force participation of disadvantaged groups. RESULTS Removing inequalities between subgroups in educational attainment and labor force participation drastically changes the prospective labor force size and labor force dependency ratio (LFDR) in the EU. Assuming perfect equality, the anticipated decline in the labor force size reduces by 54%, while the expected increase in the LFDR narrows by 70%. CONCLUSION Population aging is a destiny in large part driven by past demographic behaviors, but its anticipated consequences in terms of labor force size and labor force dependency ratio may be avoidable. CONTRIBUTION This paper features a policy-oriented use of microsimulation population projections. The alternative scenarios developed go beyond traditional demographic scenarios that can only set assumptions on fertility, mortality and migration.