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Hybrid MCDA Methods to Integrate Multiple Ecosystem Services in Forest Management Planning: A Critical Review
Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a decision aid frequently used in the field of forest management planning. It includes the evaluation of multiple criteria such as the production of timber and non-timber forest products and tangible as well as intangible values of ecosystem services (ES). Hence, it is beneficial compared to those methods that take a purely financial perspective. Accordingly, MCDA methods are increasingly popular in the wide field of sustainability assessment. Hybrid approaches allow aggregating MCDA and, potentially, other decision-making techniques to make use of their individual benefits and leading to a more holistic view of the actual consequences that come with certain decisions. This review is providing a comprehensive overview of hybrid approaches that are used in forest management planning. Today, the scientific world is facing increasing challenges regarding the evaluation of ES and the trade-offs between them, for example between provisioning and regulating services. As the preferences of multiple stakeholders are essential to improve the decision process in multi-purpose forestry, participatory and hybrid approaches turn out to be of particular importance. Accordingly, hybrid methods show great potential for becoming most relevant in future decision making. Based on the review presented here, the development of models for the use in planning processes should focus on participatory modeling and the consideration of uncertainty regarding available information.
Journal Article
HBR guide to thinking strategically
Bring strategy into your daily work. As a manager, it's your responsibility to ensure that your work--and the work of your team--aligns with the overarching objectives of your organization. But when you're faced with competing projects and limited time, it's difficult to keep strategy front-of-mind. How do you think about the long term when the short term demands your attention? You need to change the way you think. The \"HBR Guide to Thinking Strategically\" provides practical tips and advice to help you see the big picture, so you can take that perspective into account in every aspect of your daily work--from making decisions to setting team priorities to attacking your own to-do list. You'll learn how to: understand your organization's strategy; align your team with key objectives; set and execute strategic priorities; spot trends in your company and in your industry; consider future outcomes when making decisions; manage trade-offs.-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Disaster Education, Communication and Engagement
This book provides a much-needed evidence-based guide for designing effective disaster learning plans and programs that are tailored to local communities and their particular hazard risks. Drawing on the most recent research from disaster psychology, disaster sociology, and education psychology, as well as evaluations of disaster learning programs, the book contains practical guidance for putting in place a proven design framework. The book outlines the steps to take in order to tailor a disaster education, communication and engagement program and highlights illustrative examples of effective programs and activities from around the world. The author includes information on how to identify potential community learners and presents a methodology for understanding the at-risk community, its hazard risks, disaster risk reduction, and emergency management arrangements. This book describes both country-wide campaigns and local disaster programs that involve community participation.
eBook
A Design for Addressing Multiple Ecosystem Services in Forest Management Planning
Forest policy and decision-makers are challenged by the need to balance the increasing demand for multiple ecosystem services while addressing the impacts of natural disturbances (e.g., wildfires, droughts, wind, insect attacks) and global change scenarios (e.g., climate change) on its potential supply. This challenge motivates the development of a framework for incorporating concerns with a wide range of ecosystem services in multiple criteria management planning contexts. Thus, the paper focused on both the analysis of the current state-of-the art research in forest management planning and the development of a conceptual framework to accommodate various components in a forest management process. On the basis of a thorough recent classification of forest management planning problems and the state-of-the-art research, we defined the key dimensions of the framework and the process. The emphasis was on helping to identify how concerns with a wide range of ecosystem services may be analyzed and better understood by forest ecosystem management planning. This research discusses the potential of contemporary management planning approaches to address multiple forest ecosystem services. It highlights the need for a multi-level perspective and appropriate spatial resolution to integrate multiple ecosystem services. It discusses the importance of methods and tools that may help support stakeholders’ involvement and public participation in hierarchical planning processes. The research addresses the need of methods and tools that may encapsulate the ecological, economic, and social complexity of forest ecosystem management to provide an efficient plan, information about tradeoffs between ecosystem services, and the sensitivity of the plan to uncertain parameters (e.g., prices, climate change) on time.
Journal Article
Optimizing sustainable and multifunctional management of Alpine Forests under climate change
Climate change is challenging the sustainable provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services in mountain forests, including the important protection service against gravitational natural hazards. Forests offer a relatively cost-efficient measure to protect humans and infrastructure from natural hazards. Forest managers are faced with the question of how to adapt their forest to climate change and optimally manage their forests to guarantee future forest multifunctionality. Usually, alternative close-to-nature forest management strategies can be implemented, but individual management objectives and forest resilience affect the optimal portfolio of management strategies. To address this planning task, we used the climate-sensitive forest growth model ForClim and developed a tailored multi-objective optimization method, considering particularities of forests with a protection service. We applied the method in an Alpine forest enterprise in Switzerland. We combined three climate change scenarios with three optimization scenarios. Our results show that a diversified and optimized portfolio of management strategies can safeguard and improve the provision of multiple ecosystem services and biodiversity concurrently. However, given the increasing intensity of climate change, a greater share of climate-adapted close-to-nature forest management strategies is necessary, reaching 78% in forests without a protection service and 68% in forests with a protection service under severe climate change and optimized for multifunctionality. Adaptation also enabled further improvement of biodiversity and ecosystem service provision, particularly for carbon sequestration. The presented simulation and optimization framework, tailored for mountain forests with a protection service, shows flexibility in the integration of management objectives, making it useful for decision support. Forest management planning should rely more on and make use of such frameworks to help support forests under the uncertainties of climate change and to achieve the future political ambitions of multifunctionality and climate resilient forest ecosystems.
Journal Article
Thinkers 50 strategy : the art and science of strategy creation and execution
\"Today's leading business strategists teach you everything you need to know to drive profitability and grow your companyThe Thinkers50 series delivers the latest concepts and theories on the topics of Management, Leadership, Strategy, and Innovation. You'll find the most current thinking from such luminaries as Ram Charan, Clay Christensen, Richard D'Aveni, Marshall Goldsmith, Vijay Govindarajan, Lynda Gratton, Gary Hamel, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Philip Kotler, Nirmalya Kumar, Roger Martin, Henry Mintzberg, Kenichi Ohmae, Tom Peters, Don Tapscott, Fons Trompenaars, and Dave Ulrich.Stuart Crainer and Des Dearlove have more than 30 years experience as business journalists, editors, authors and ghost writers. Former columnists to The (London) Times, their work has appeared in newspapers and magazines worldwide\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Multicriteria Decision Analysis and Group Decision-Making to Select Stand-Level Forest Management Models and Support Landscape-Level Collaborative Planning
Forest management planning is a challenge due to the diverse criteria that need to be considered in the underlying decision-making process. This challenge becomes more complex in joint collaborative management areas (ZIF) because the decision now may involve numerous actors with diverse interests, preferences, and goals. In this research, we present an approach to identifying and quantifying the most relevant criteria that actors consider in a forest management planning process in a ZIF context, including quantifying the performance of seven alternative stand-level forest management models (FMM). Specifically, we developed a combined multicriteria decision analysis and group decision-making process by (a) building a cognitive map with the actors to identify the criteria and sub-criteria; (b) structuring the decision tree; (c) structuring a questionnaire to elicit the importance of criteria and sub-criteria in a pairwise comparison process, and to evaluate the FMM alternatives; and (d) applying a Delphi survey to gather actors’ preferences. We report results from an application to a case study area, ZIF of Vale do Sousa, in North-Western Portugal. Actors assigned the highest importance to the criteria income (56.8% of all actors) and risks (21.6% of all actors) and the lowest to cultural services (27.0% of all actors). Actors agreed on their preferences for the sub-criteria of income (diversification of income sources), risks (wildfires) and cultural services (leisure and recreation activities). However, there was a poor agreement among actors on the sub-criteria of the wood demand and biodiversity criteria. For 27.0% of all actors the FMM with the highest performance was the pedunculate oak and for 43.2% of all actors the eucalypt FMM was the least preferable alternative. The findings indicate that this approach can support ZIF managers in enhancing forest management planning by improving its utility for actors and facilitating its implementation.
Journal Article