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Providing a solid foundation of knowledge in modeling remanufacturing systems, this book addresses the design, planning, and processing issues faced by decision-makers in the field. With easy-to-use mathematical or simulation modeling to demonstrate solutions for each remanufacturing issue, it helps practitioners understand how a particular issue can be effectively modeled and how to choose the appropriate solution methodology. The book also discusses how increasingly stringent environmental regulations and decreasing natural resources influence manufacturers toward more environmentally conscious manufacturing and product recovery initiatives.

Sustainability enables the development of products with minimal environmental impact coupled with economical and societal benefits. This book provides an understanding of theoretical and practical perspectives pertaining to sustainable manufacturing. The book offers theoretical concepts and practical descriptions of sustainable manufacturing. It provides insights from research and practical applications, as well as industrial case studies, and several illustrations and examples. The book goes on to discuss design strategies that support sustainable manufacturing and includes ISO 14001 and PAS 2050 standards. The book addresses the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate engineering students, academic researchers and industry practitioners.

Polymer composites have been widely used in the aviation, aerospace, automotive, military, medical, agricultural and industrial fields due to their excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, flame retardant, impact resistance and corrosion resistance. In general, their manufacturing process is one of the key factors affecting the life cycle of polymer composites. This article provides an overview of typical manufacturing technologies, including surface coating, additive manufacturing and magnetic pulse powder compaction, which are normally used to reduce the failure behaviour of polymer composites in service so that the quality of composite products can be improved. Advanced polymer composite powder manufacturing processes, the processing mechanism and experimental methods are described, and the influence of different manufacturing processes on the moulding quality is revealed. This investigation can provide suitable methods for the selection of manufacturing technology to improve the quality of polymer composite products.

Roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing is an important manufacturing technology platform used extensively for mass-producing a host of film-type products in several traditional industries such as printing, silver-halide photography, and paper. Over the last two decades, some of the methodologies and know-how of R2R manufacturing have been extended and adapted in many new technology areas, including microelectronics, display, photovoltaics, and microfluidics. This comprehensive book presents the state-of-the-art unit operations of the R2R manufacturing technology, providing a practical resource for scientists, engineers, and practitioners not familiar with the fundamentals of R2R technology. This book reviews new developments in areas such as flexible glass, display, and photovoltaics and covers a number of process innovations implemented recently to extend and improve the capabilities of traditional R2R lines. It covers such topics as: coating and solidification processes, in-line vacuum deposition, drying, web handling and winding, polymer film substrates, novel hybrid composite films, flexible solar cells and more.

As a prerequisite and foundation for production and manufacturing, the design of product manufacturing process plays a crucial role in improving production efficiency, controlling resource consumption, shortening production cycles, and reducing processing costs. With the rapid development of advanced manufacturing technologies, product manufacturing process design is increasingly characterized by ambiguity, multi-solution possibilities, and cross-disciplinary integration, posing higher demands on enterprises’ capabilities in process design and innovation. To identify and innovatively address these issues within complex product manufacturing process, this study proposes a problem-driven innovation design strategy model for product manufacturing process. In the problem identification phase, opportunities are identified and categorized based on the product context and manufacturing process, followed by problem identification and the construction of problem elements using problem analysis methods. After identifying the problems, the type of innovation required is determined, and corresponding methods are applied to generate a set of solutions with innovation potential. These solutions are then evaluated and validated to determine the optimal innovation design for the product manufacturing process. If a solution fails validation, the problem is re-identified or re-solved, and the above steps are repeated until a validated final solution is achieved. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed strategy is demonstrated through a case study on the innovation design of the wax pattern manufacturing process for gas turbine blades.

This book is a complete guide to design tools for the manufacturing requirements of AM and how they can enable the optimization of process and product parameters for the reduction of manufacturing costs and effort. This timely synopsis of state-of-the-art design tools for AM brings the reader right up-to-date on the latest methods from both academia and industry. Tools for both metallic and polymeric AM technologies are presented and critically reviewed, along with their manufacturing attributes. Commercial applications of AM are also explained with case studies from a range of industries, thus demonstrating best-practice in AM design.

Evolving technology and the development of new devices that can aerosolize water present a risk for new sources of Legionella bacteria growth and spread within industrial settings. We investigated a cluster of legionellosis among employees of a manufacturing facility in South Carolina, USA, and found 2 unique equipment sources of Legionella bacteria. The cluster of cases took place during August-November 2022; a total of 34 cases of legionellosis, including 15 hospitalizations and 2 deaths, were reported. Legionella pneumophila was isolated from 3 devices: 2 water jet cutters and 1 floor scrubber. L. pneumophila sequence type 36 was identified in environmental isolates and 1 patient specimen, indicating that those devices were the likely source of infection. Remediation was ultimately achieved through the development and implementation of a device-specific water management program. Manufacturing facilities that use aerosol-generating devices should consider maintaining updated Legionella water management programs to prevent Legionella bacterial infections.

The goal of this paper is to present an innovative conception how to use metrisable vector structure of a manufacturing process, based on quantitative relations between the activity of input streams, features of the product, and effect of losses; all of which are excellent practical solution for Industry 4.0, and in turn intelligent factories. This solution can be a usefull way in the process of building sustainable organization. A vector representation of manufacturing processes was formulated, one which is based in system engineering. Three manufacturing system state vectors were proposed. These are: input stream vector ϕ, product features vector P→ which is also referred to as quality vector, and losses vector S→. Scalar, vector, and mixed products of these vectors may form constitutive equations of manufacturing processes. The relations between the vectors ϕ, P→,S→ provide a possibility for a metrisable, complex analysis and assessment of a contemporary manufacturing process. The paper shows practical methods for defining the size of the vector values within the process. The demonstrated vector description of stream-systemic processes can also be applied to non-material manufacturing.

Polymer matrix composites are used extensively across a wide range of industries, making the design and development of effective manufacturing processes of great importance. This book provides an authoritative review of the different technologies employed in the manufacture of this class of composite. Following an introduction to composites and manufacturing processes, part one reviews the manufacturing of short fiber and nanoparticle based polymer matrix composites, with injection and compression molding examined in depth. Thermoplastic processing is the focus of part two. Sheet forming, fabric thermostamping, filament winding and continuous fiber reinforced profiles are investigated. Part three reviews thermoset processing. A survey of resin transfer molding follows, including vacuum-assisted and compression resin transfer molding. The pultrusion process is then considered, before the book concludes with an investigation into autoclave and out-of-autoclave curing processes in polymer matrix composites. With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, this book is an essential guide for engineers and scientists working in the field of polymer matrix composites.

Fault diagnosis is crucial for realizing safe process operation when a fault occurs. Multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) has widely been adopted for fault detection in real processes, and contribution plots based on MSPC are a well-known fault diagnosis method, but it does not always correctly diagnose the causes of faults. This study proposes a new fault diagnosis method based on the causality between process variables and a monitored index for fault detection, which is referred to as a causal plot. The proposed causal plot utilizes a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model (LiNGAM), which is a data-driven causal inference algorithm. LiNGAM estimates a causal structure only from data. In the proposed causal plot, the causality of a monitored index of fault detection methods, in addition to process variables, is estimated with LiNGAM when a fault is detected with the monitored index. The process variables having significant causal relationships with the monitored indexes are identified as causes of faults. In this study, the proposed causal plot was applied to fault diagnosis problems of a vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) manufacturing process. The application results showed that the proposed causal plot diagnosed appropriate causes of faults even when conventional contribution plots could not do the same. In addition, we discuss the effects of the presence of a recycle flow on fault diagnosis results based on the analysis result of the VAM process. The proposed causal plot contributes to realizing safe and efficient process operations.