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Matrix converters (MCs) allow the implementation of single-stage AC/AC power conversion systems (PCS) with inherent bidirectional power flow capability. By avoiding the typical DC-link capacitor, MCs have the potential to achieve higher power density with a more reliable operation and less maintenance when compared with conventional two-stage AC/DC/AC PCS. For these reasons, matrix converters have been receiving significant attention from the academic sector but have not yet been implemented on a large industrial scale. This article reviews the Direct Matrix Converter (DMC) and the Indirect Matrix Converter (IMC) along with the respective actual and most important modulation methods. Simulation results are provided to validate the theoretical analysis and to get a deep insight about the implementation of space vector modulation (SVM) and respective switching pattern generator.

Power electronic devices play an important role in energy conversion. Among the options, matrix converters, in combination with predictive control, represent a good alternative for the power conversion stage. Although several reviews have been undertaken on this topic, they have been conducted in a non-systematic manner, without indicating how the studies considered were chosen. This paper presents results from a systematic literature review on predictive control applied to matrix converters that included 142 primary papers, which were selected after applying a defined protocol with clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study provides a detailed classification of predictive control methods and strategies applied to different matrix converter topologies. Research findings require to be understood in combination to develop a common understanding of the topic and ensure that future research effort is based on solid premises. In light of this, this study identifies and characterizes different predictive control techniques and matrix converter topologies through systematic literature review. The results of the review indicate that interest in the area is increasing. A number of open questions in the field are discussed.

Conventional multi-stage AC/DC/DC, AC/DC/AC, DC/DC/DC, and DC/DC/AC converters are two ports converters used to connect a resource or load to an AC or DC grid. To connect several loads or resources to a grid, these converters can easily be extended to a multi-port converter through a common DC-link, with simplified control and a reduced number of active switches. However, DC-link huge energy storage component increases the converter volume and cost and reduces its lifetime and reliability. On the other hand, most of the resources with these types of converters have fault ride-through problems and the DC-link voltage increases during the grid-side faults. The indirect matrix converter is a two-port High-Frequency AC-link (HFAC) converter without any intermediate energy storage component, which can be used to connect just a single source or load to a grid. In this paper, a generalized extension of a two-port indirect matrix converter (and the other HFAC converters) to a multi-port converter is proposed. The modulation method, voltage and current gains, and the reactive power limitation of the proposed structure are also presented. Performances of the proposed structure and its modulation strategy are verified through simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.

Introduction. This paper delves into the practical application of multilevel technology, particularly focusing on the capacitor-clamped converter as a promising solution for medium-to-high voltage power conversion, with specific emphasis on direct AC-AC switching conditions. Problem. The limitations of conventional single-cell matrix converters (MC) in efficiency and performance for medium-to-high voltage power conversion applications are well-recognized. Goal. The primary objective is to investigate the performance of the 3 phase modular multilevel matrix converter (3MC) with three flying capacitors (FCs) modeling. This investigation utilizes the Venturini method for gate pulse generation, aiming to compare the performance of the 3MC with standard converter designs. Methodology. To achieve the research goal, the Venturini method is adopted for generating gate pulses for the 3MC, representing a departure from conventional approaches. Detailed simulations employing MATLAB/Simulink are conducted to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the 3MC in comparison to conventional converter designs. Results. The simulation outcomes reveal a significant reduction of 73 % in total harmonic distortion (THD) achieved by the 3MC. This reduction in THD indicates improved robustness and suitability for medium-to-high voltage power conversion systems necessitating direct AC-AC conversion. These results highlight the efficacy of the 3MC in enhancing power conversion efficiency and overall performance. Originality. This paper contributes novel insights into the practical implementation of multilevel technology, particularly within the realm of capacitor-clamped converters. Furthermore, the utilization of the Venturini method for gate pulse generation in the 3MC represents an original approach to enhancing converter performance. Practical value. The research findings present significant advancements in multilevel transformer technology, offering valuable guidance for optimizing transformer design in various industrial and renewable energy applications. These contributions serve to enhance the development of reliable and efficient power systems, addressing critical needs in the energy sector. References 54, tables 3, figures 4.

Power density and conversion efficiency are two critical parameters of inductive power transfer (IPT) systems. These parameters are related to the number of components in the power conversion circuit as well as its modulation method. The combination of Midpoint Matrix Converter and pulse-density modulation (PDM) has a potential to improve these parameters, due to a low number of semiconductor switches utilization as well as constant efficiency at the maximum output and partial load operations . In this context, this paper analyzes the performance of a three-phase to single-phase Midpoint Matrix Converter using a Free-wheeling Switch (MMCFS) and the PDM in a high coupling factor series-none IPT application. This converter utilizes on–off control to manage power transfer, which automatically tracks the load resonant frequency. Dynamic and steady-state mathematical equations were derived to represent the converter and the IPT system characteristics. These equations show a relationship between the link efficiency, the link gain, the damping ratio and the coupling factor. A kick-start method and a multistep switching strategy were developed to start and operate the converter, respectively. Additionally, a 150 W MMCFS-based IPT prototype was built to verify the improvement, which demonstrated an efficiency of around 80% at the maximum output and partial load operations.

The modular multilevel matrix converter can provide frequency control support for remote AC power grids and has good application prospects in high-voltage low-frequency AC transmission systems. However, the dynamic performance of the traditional outer-loop PI controller is susceptible to changes in its own parameters and external conditions, which in turn influences the control effect. Therefore, a variable universe fuzzy proportional-integral (PI) adaptive outer-loop control strategy is proposed in this paper. Using the automatic sensing and self-adaptive capability of variable universe fuzzy control, the self-adaptation and self-adjustment of the size of the input error of the outer loop is achieved. Meanwhile, a function-based scaling factor approach is utilized to develop scaling factors for the input and output domains to enhance the control accuracy. Simulation and experimental findings demonstrate that this control strategy advances system stability and reinforces the self-adaptive adjustment capability of outer-loop control when compared to preexisting approaches.

The experimental implementation and performance analysis of control techniques applied to an indirect matrix converter are presented here, to improve the input current behaviour under resonances and harmonics distortions. The control strategies are based on model predictive control, which uses the commutation state of the converter in the subsequent sampling time, according to an optimisation algorithm given by a simple cost function and the discrete system model. Experimental results with a laboratory prototype are provided in order to validate the different control schemes, and the effects of a distorted source voltage and filter resonance are analysed.

This paper introduces and analyzes the power losses of a five-phase drive system based on an indirect matrix converter (IMC) and a five-phase synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM). The different loss components in the power converter and the motor have been discussed and analyzed. Moreover, a control strategy is applied to decrease the power converter losses and make the system superior to the conventional one. The carrier-based pulse-width-modulation (CBPWM) method is used for this. Through the CBPWM, switching losses are kept as low as possible in this technique by ensuring that the rectifier stage experiences zero current commutation. To achieve this, the rectifier and inverter stages are synchronized so that the commutation in the rectifier stage occurs at the zero vectors of the inverter, which corresponds to a zero DC-link current. The converter will therefore have less switching losses thanks to the rectifier’s null value. Experimental validation has shown the usefulness of the proposed CBPWM in providing lower switching losses in the IMC. Additionally, a comparison of the proposed drive system’s performance with a traditional three-phase SynRM-based inverter will be carried out in the speed and torque control modes.

This paper presents a model predictive control (MPC) strategy to regulate output voltages in a multi-modular matrix converter topology for isolated loads. The converter system harnesses power from a six-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) to deliver sinusoidal voltages to a three-phase load, with LC filters positioned at the output of each MC module within the multi-modular scheme. The proposed MPC approach ensures that the output voltages remain within acceptable ranges of magnitude, phase, and frequency, even under load variations and system faults. This control strategy is particularly suitable for uninterruptible power supply systems, microgrids or other applications where voltage regulation is critical. Experimental studies validate the effectiveness of the control strategy under various load conditions, reference voltage changes, and simulated system fault scenarios. The results highlight the robustness and reliability of the proposed voltage control using the multi-modular matrix converter.

An Innovative Modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) is proposed with reduced number of switching device owing to the improved efficiency, reduced cost and minimizes the size. Offshore Low-Frequency AC (LFAC) transmissions are economical with greater reliability for short and intermediate distance transmissions. Similar to HVDC, it increases the transmission capacity and also distance can be increased in LFAC.M3C is proposed as frequency converters for LFAC transmissions which link AC systems operating at 16.7 and 50 Hz. The double αβ0 transform control technique has been the most often used approach for decoupling control of input, output and circulating currents in such applications. The performances of this work’s proposed modular multilevel matrix converters are analysed using simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK software.