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Theory and design for mechanical measurements
\"The fifth edition of this market leading book provides mechanical engineers with the most up to date coverage of mechanical measurements. Sound theory is highlighted by rich and current practical examples. New chapter opening learning objectives and outcomes explore the critical concepts that will be discussed. New and revised examples and problems clearly show how the information is applied in the field. Expanded discussions are included on measurements, equipment, and basic metrology. The DFT concept presentation is now simplified. More pictures have also been added to make the material easier to learn. Mechanical engineers will then better understand the elements for the design of measurement systems and measurement test plans.\"--Publisher's website.
Book
Exploring Factors, and Indicators for Measuring Students’ Sustainable Engagement in e-Learning
The topic of engagement has been attracting increasing amounts of attention in the field of e-learning. Research shows that multifarious benefits occur when students are engaged in their own learning, including increased motivation and achievement. Previous studies have proposed many scales for measuring student engagement. However, very few have been developed to measure engagement in e-learning environments. Thus, developing an instrument for measuring student engagement in e-learning environments is the purpose of this study. The participants of this study were 737 Korean online university students. Initial items were designed based on the literature. The instrument items were reduced from an initial 48 to 24 items after obtaining expert opinion and then validity and reliability analysis. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were also conducted. Six factors, including psychological motivation, peer collaboration, cognitive problem solving, interaction with instructors, community support, and learning management emerged in the 24-item scale. This scale is expected to help instructors and curriculum designers to find conditions to improve student engagement in e-learning environments, and ultimately prevent students from dropping out of online courses.
Journal Article
Using a ruler
Reviews the basics of rulers and observe them being used by scientists as well as by professionals in the working world.
Book
A tentative discussion on measurement uncertainty of electrical measuring instruments and device
This paper gives an elaboration on the source of uncertainty, general class and its difference with error, followed by detailed analysis and verification of a real case of measurement uncertainty. Taking a multi-function three-phase electrical measuring instrument calibration device as an example, the paper describes how to evaluate the uncertainty in measurement result of indication errors in mathematical model.
Journal Article
Using measuring cups
Presents information about measuring containers scientists use for their own science experiments.
Book
Metrology and Instrumentation
Metrology is the science and study of providing accurate measurements. It has relevance to mechanical, industrial, electrical, and quality engineering and is a foundational concept for the manufacturing industry, where the accurate calibration of measurements can have direct impact on a product's end quality and production cost. While metrology has historical roots that date back to the late-18th century, its modern applications remain relevant to the Industry 4.0 technologies of today.
eBook
Pinpointing Moisture: The Capacitive Detection for Standing Tree Health
Background: the feasibility of the capacitance method for detecting the water content in standing tree trunks was investigated using capacitance-based equipment that was designed for measuring the water content of standing tree trunks. Methods: In laboratory experiments, the best insertion depth of the probe for standing wood was determined by measurement experiments conducted at various depths. The bark was to be peeled when specimens and standing wood were being measured. The actual water content of the test object was obtained by specimens being weighed and the standing wood being weighed after the wood core was extracted. Results: A forecast of the moisture content of standing wood within a range of 0 to 180% was achieved by the measuring instrument. The feasibility of the device for basswood and fir trees is preliminarily studied. When compared to the drying method, the average error of the test results was found to be less than 8%, with basswood at 7.75%, and fir at 7.35%. Conclusions: It was concluded that the measuring instrument has a wide measuring range and is suitable for measuring wood with low moisture content, as well as standing timber with high moisture content. The measuring instrument, being small in size, easy to carry, and capable of switching modes, is considered to have a good application prospect in the field of forest precision monitoring and quality improvement.
Journal Article
Results of a Surface Roughness Comparison between Stylus Instruments and Confocal Microscopes
This article presents the results of an LMM-R-2019 interlaboratory comparison. Such comparisons of different families of measuring instruments are one of the activities conducted among the calibration laboratories to maintain their ISO 17025 accreditation. Given that the study of surface roughness is becoming increasingly important in the field of dimensional metrology, the comparison focused on determining the Ra parameter on a pseudorandom metallic roughness standard using two types of measuring instruments: physical contact (stylus instruments) and optical (confocal microscopes). Among the aspects studied was whether the roughness measurements obtained using calibrated confocal microscopes could be compared with those using traditional methods since optical instruments obtain measurements more quickly and responsively than do stylus instruments. The results showed that roughness measurements using confocal microscopes are comparable with those from a traditional stylus instrument.
Journal Article
A Cost-Effective Lightning Current Measuring Instrument with Wide Current Range Detection Using Dual Signal Conditioning Circuits
Lightning strikes can cause significant damage to critical infrastructure and pose a serious threat to public safety. To ensure the safety of facilities and investigate the causes of lightning accidents, we propose a cost-effective design method for a lightning current measuring instrument that uses a Rogowski coil and dual signal conditioning circuits to detect a wide range of lightning currents, ranging from hundreds of A to hundreds of kA. To implement the proposed lightning current measuring instrument, we design signal conditioning circuits and software capable of detecting and analyzing lightning currents from ±500 A to ±100 kA. By employing dual signal conditioning circuits, it offers the advantage of detecting a wide range of lightning currents compared to existing lightning current measuring instruments. The proposed instrument has the following features: First, the peak current, polarity, T1 (front time), T2 (time to half value), and Q (amount of energy of the lightning current) can be analyzed and measured with a fast sampling time of 380 ns. Second, it can distinguish whether a lightning current is induced or direct. Third, a built-in SD card is provided to save the detected lightning data. Finally, it provides Ethernet communication capability for remote monitoring. The performance of the proposed instrument is evaluated and validated by applying induced and direct lightning using a lightning current generator.
Journal Article