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"Medical Informatics Applications."
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Artificial intelligence of health-enabled spaces
\"Artificial Intelligence of Health-Enabled Spaces (AIoH) has made revolutionary advances in clinical studies that we know so far. Among these advances, intelligent and medical services are gaining lots of interest. Nowadays, AI-powered technologies are not only used in saving lives, but also in our daily life activities in diagnosing, controlling, and even tracking of COVID-19 patients. The AI-powered solutions are expected to communicate with cellular networks smoothly in the next generation networks (5G/6G and beyond) for more effective/critical medical applications. This will open the door for another interesting research areas. This book focuses on the development and analysis of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models applications across multi-disciplines. AI based deep learning models, fuzzy and hybrid intelligent systems, and intrinsic explainable model are also being presented in this book. Some of the fields considered in this smart health-oriented book includes AI applications in Electrical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Computer Engineering, Education, Cyber Security, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Molecular Biology, and Tourism. This book is dedicated to addressing the major challenges in fighting diseases and psychological issues using AI. Challenges vary from cost and complexity to availability and accuracy. The aim of this book is hence to focus on both the design and implementation aspects of the AI-based approaches in proposed health-related solutions. Targeted readers are from varying disciplines who are interested in implementing the smart planet/environments vision via intelligent enabling technologies\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Telemedicine Technologies
This book brings together a broad range of topics demonstrating how information and wireless technologies can be used in healthcare In this book, the authors focus on how medical information can be reliably transmitted through wireless communication networks. It explains how they can be optimized to carry medical information in various situations by utilizing readily available traditional wireless local area network (WLAN) and broadband wireless access (BWA) systems. In addition, the authors discuss consumer healthcare technology, which is becoming more popular as reduction in manufacturing cost of electronics products makes healthcare products more affordable to the general public. Finally, the book explores topics such as communication networks and services, patient monitoring, information processing, system deployment, data security and privacy, information technology in alternative medicine, multimedia and health informatics, and caring for the community. Key Features: •Focuses on the transmission of medical information over wireless communication networks, and addresses topics such as communication networks and services, patient monitoring, information processing, system deployment, data security and privacy, and many others •Provides an in-depth introduction to the various factors that need to be considered for supporting healthcare services with information technology •Covers advancements in topics such as RFID in healthcare •Discusses medical signal processing as well as ECG and signal processing techniques This book will be of interest to advanced students and professors in biomedical engineering, bioinformatics, and information engineering. Medical and IT professionals involved in specifying new facilities, healthcare practitioners in telemedicine, researchers in wireless communications and information technology, and network administrators will also find this book insightful.
eBook
Nationwide citizen access to their health data: analysing and comparing experiences in Denmark, Estonia and Australia
Background
Most countries face an ageing population, increasing chronic diseased, and constrictions on budget for providing health services. Involving patients in their own care by allowing them access to their patient data is a trend seen in many places.
Methods
Data on the type and level of access citizens have to their own health data in three countries was gathered from public sources.
Results
Data from each individual country is presented and the experiences of Denmark, Estonia and Australia are examined whilst similarities and differences explored. The discussion adopts a citizen-centred perspective to consider how the different e-portal systems support, protect and structure citizen interactions with their own health data in three key areas: Security, privacy and data protection; User support; and Citizen adoption and use.
Conclusions
The paper highlights the impact of opt-in/opt-out approaches on citizen access and the lack of a structured approach to addressing differences in citizen health and e-health literacy. This research also confirms while current data provides detail on the availability and use of personal health data by citizens, questions still remain over the ultimate impact on patient outcomes of these initiatives. It is anticipated the insights generated from the three countries experiences, supporting citizen access to their health data will be useful to improve these initiatives and guide other countries aspiring to support similar initiatives.
Journal Article
Computational intelligence aided systems for healthcare domain
\"The text covers recent advances in artificial intelligence, smart computing, and their applications in augmenting medical and health care systems. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in diverse engineering fields including electrical, electronics and communication, computer, and biomedical\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Health IT and Patient Safety
IOM's 1999 landmark study To Err is Human estimated that between 44,000 and 98,000 lives are lost every year due to medical errors. This call to action has led to a number of efforts to reduce errors and provide safe and effective health care. Information technology (IT) has been identified as a way to enhance the safety and effectiveness of care. In an effort to catalyze its implementation, the U.S. government has invested billions of dollars toward the development and meaningful use of effective health IT.
Designed and properly applied, health IT can be a positive transformative force for delivering safe health care, particularly with computerized prescribing and medication safety. However, if it is designed and applied inappropriately, health IT can add an additional layer of complexity to the already complex delivery of health care. Poorly designed IT can introduce risks that may lead to unsafe conditions, serious injury, or even death. Poor human-computer interactions could result in wrong dosing decisions and wrong diagnoses. Safe implementation of health IT is a complex, dynamic process that requires a shared responsibility between vendors and health care organizations. Health IT and Patient Safety makes recommendations for developing a framework for patient safety and health IT. This book focuses on finding ways to mitigate the risks of health IT-assisted care and identifies areas of concern so that the nation is in a better position to realize the potential benefits of health IT.
Health IT and Patient Safety is both comprehensive and specific in terms of recommended options and opportunities for public and private interventions that may improve the safety of care that incorporates the use of health IT. This book will be of interest to the health IT industry, the federal government, healthcare providers and other users of health IT, and patient advocacy groups.
eBook
Mapping ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM Codes to Phecodes: Workflow Development and Initial Evaluation
The phecode system was built upon the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) for phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) using the electronic health record (EHR).
The goal of this paper was to develop and perform an initial evaluation of maps from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) and the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes to phecodes.
We mapped ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM codes to phecodes using a number of methods and resources, such as concept relationships and explicit mappings from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, the Unified Medical Language System, Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics, Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms, and the National Library of Medicine. We assessed the coverage of the maps in two databases: Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) using ICD-10-CM and the UK Biobank (UKBB) using ICD-10. We assessed the fidelity of the ICD-10-CM map in comparison to the gold-standard ICD-9-CM phecode map by investigating phenotype reproducibility and conducting a PheWAS.
We mapped >75% of ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM codes to phecodes. Of the unique codes observed in the UKBB (ICD-10) and VUMC (ICD-10-CM) cohorts, >90% were mapped to phecodes. We observed 70-75% reproducibility for chronic diseases and <10% for an acute disease for phenotypes sourced from the ICD-10-CM phecode map. Using the ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM maps, we conducted a PheWAS with a Lipoprotein(a) genetic variant, rs10455872, which replicated two known genotype-phenotype associations with similar effect sizes: coronary atherosclerosis (ICD-9-CM: P<.001; odds ratio (OR) 1.60 [95% CI 1.43-1.80] vs ICD-10-CM: P<.001; OR 1.60 [95% CI 1.43-1.80]) and chronic ischemic heart disease (ICD-9-CM: P<.001; OR 1.56 [95% CI 1.35-1.79] vs ICD-10-CM: P<.001; OR 1.47 [95% CI 1.22-1.77]).
This study introduces the beta versions of ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM to phecode maps that enable researchers to leverage accumulated ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM data for PheWAS in the EHR.
Journal Article
