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"Medicine, Arab Spain History."
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Trends in the travelers’ demand for pre-travel medical advice at a Spanish International Vaccination Center between 2000 and 2017
Crises and disasters affect the numbers of people traveling either for tourism or other reasons. Many studies have been published on the effects of such events on travel, especially on tourism, and based on the arrivals or departures of travelers to or from countries. Our aim was to assess the influence of these events on the demand for pre-travel medical consultation in an International Vaccination Centre (IVC). Data on 94683 international travelers who visited 113529 international destinations attended at the IVC of Malaga (Spain) during 2000-2017 were studied. A descriptive and time series analyses was conducted. The demand to IVC was 3.47 times higher in 2017 than in 2000. The increase has not been the same for all destinations: Travel to South-East Asia and Western Pacific World Health Organization (WHO) regions has multiplied by 10, while in the same period, Africa WHO region has declined from 36% to 20% of total demand. Thailand, India and Brazil were the countries with the highest demand (21% of all pre-travel consultations). We found out three periods, concurrent with some socioeconomic or health events, in which the number of travellers attend decline with respect to the previous years, or the growth was very slow. Growth in the demand for pre-travel medical advice in parallel with a foreseeable increase in the number of travelers is expected. Pre-travel medical services must be adapted to this increase. This study of the trend of demand for pre-travel medical information should new related problems to travel to be identified and quantified, and should assist improvement of policies and programs aimed at care of travelers.
Journal Article
The “Prince of Medicine”: Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh and the Foundations of the Western Pharmaceutical Tradition
This essay examines three medieval pharmaceutical treatises purportedly authored by Yū˙hannā ibn Māsawayh (anglicized to John Mesue) and traces their immense influence on the development of pharmacy in early modern Europe and the Hispanic world. Despite the importance of these works throughout the early modern period, Mesue is relatively unknown in the history of pharmacy and medicine, and his exact identity remains unclear. This essay argues that “Mesue” was most likely a pseudonym used by an unknown author of the Latin West and that the three works were crafted to meet the demands of the developing “medical marketplace” of late thirteenth-century Europe, where the manuscripts first appeared. At the same time, however, as the Arabic reference of the pseudonym suggests, these treatises were clearly products of the medieval Islamic world, including many innovations that would provide the basis for the theory and practice of pharmacy for centuries and arguably formed part of the artisanal epistemological influence on the Scientific Revolution.
Journal Article
Abu Al Qasim Al Zahrawi (Albucasis) : Pioneer of modern surgery
The surgical career of Abu Al Qasim Al Zahrawi (Albucasis) is chronicled. He made significant contributions to pediatric surgery. In addition to his description of hydrocephalus, he described harelip, adenoids, ranula, imperforated external urinary meatus, perforated anus, hermaphrodites, gynecomastia, supernumerary and webbed fingers. He was the first to describe in detail the medical aspects of hemophilia.
Journal Article
Arabs, Jews, and the Enigma of Spanish Imperial Melancholy
Galeno e Hipocras Gentiles fueron por cierto Y con ellos hemos muerto Un millon de hombres y mas, Abicena moro es, Isac y Rabi Moises Judios son de natura, Mas por ende su scriptura No es quemada despues. Because Avicenna is a Moor, And Isaac and Moses Are Jewish by nature, Their writings, we can see, Were not burned up thereafter.)3 We may add that still, in as late an era as the beginning of the reign of Phillip IV (1605-1665), the authors of a petition to reform the research about \"purity of blood\" asked themselves why a sword maker was automatically considered pure, while a doctor was invariably classified as Jewish (Yerushalmi 70). [...]Golden Age Spaniards first examined the ways in which tempers and humors influenced the social and political body, as in religious spaces. Yet surgeons did not totally reject \"barbaric\" medicine, not only is the influence of the Arabic canon in the interpretation of melancholy apparent, but also Spanish doctors generally accepted the cures and treatments Arab doctors prescribed. [...]doctors both cultivated the Arabic scholarship and criticized Arab physicians, whom they thought deviated from the original Hippocratic and Galenic medical corpus. [...]I want to make reference to a problem originally proposed by Americo Castro and recently rescued-and recreated-by Eduardo Subirats when he writes about the theological-- literary bibliography of the soul of the colonizing subject (Subirats 316).
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