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A survey on computational metaphor processing techniques: from identification, interpretation, generation to application
Metaphors are figurative expressions frequently appearing daily. Given its significance in downstream natural language processing tasks such as machine translation and sentiment analysis, computational metaphor processing has led to an upsurge in the community. The progress of Artificial Intelligence has incentivized several technological tools and frameworks in this domain. This article aims to comprehensively summarize and categorize previous computational metaphor processing approaches regarding metaphor identification, interpretation, generation, and application. Though studies on metaphor identification have made significant progress, metaphor understanding, conceptual metaphor processing, and metaphor generation still need in-depth analysis. We hope to identify future directions for prospective researchers based on comparing the strengths and weaknesses of the previous works.
Journal Article
Scientific Metaphor and its Noetic Ambivalence
In this paper we revisit the inspiration of J. Kořenský’s work on the problem of metaphor in scientific reflection on language. For us, the notion of
is the main concept by which the author captures that metaphor is an essential tool for interpreting, representing and modelling the processes of linguistic activity. We find Kořenský’s analysis of the noetic instrumentalisation of
inspiring, pointing out that the same metaphorical concept allows, on the one hand, for unifying interpretations of language, but also for interpretations that are in an ambivalent or even polemical relationship. In our study, we analyse the noetic ambivalence of the metaphor of fabric, which functions as a means of interpreting language/speech in two conflicting methodological lines: on the one hand, in a structural linguistic methodological framework, where it harmonises with the instrumentalist approach to language; on the other hand, in a social interactionist framework, where the conceptualisation of speech activity as fabric is used to explain the socially practical linguistic reality of language. The aim of the analysis is to answer the question of what lies behind the noetic ambivalence of this metaphor. To explain this, we draw on J. Dolník’s (2014) reflections on the role of autonomisation in interpreting, and distinguish between the resultative and emergent nature of the metaphorical base in scientific interpretation using metaphor.
Journal Article
Political metaphor analysis : discourse and scenarios
Political metaphors and related figurative discourse tools are characterised by their variability and contentiousness.Using them, discourse participants try to gain competitive advantage over others by offering their audiences new meaning nuances, challenging each other and announcing political initiatives.
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