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"Middlesex County"
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Woodsburner : a novel
On April 30, 1844, a year before he built his cabin on Walden Pond, Henry David Thoreau accidentally started a forest fire that destroyed three hundred acres of the Concord woods - an event that altered the landscape of American thought in a single day. Against the backdrop of Thoreau's fire, Pipkin's ambitious debut penetrates the mind of the young philosopher while painting a panorama of the young nation at a formative moment.
BOOK
Suburban sahibs : three immigrant families and their passage from India to America
Examines South Asian immigration and assimilation in Middlesex County, New Jersey, focusing on how immigrants have altered the suburbs, and the suburbs have altered them.
eBook
CARBON ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION BETWEEN WHOLE LEAVES AND CUTICLE
The δ13C of fossil leaf cuticle is frequently used for paleoenvironment interpretation. A tacit assumption that is common in such studies is that the δ13C of the cuticle is the same as the δ13C of the original whole leaf. We tested this assumption by measuring the isotopic fractionation between cuticle and whole leaves (ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf) in 175 phylogenetically diverse species. The average ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf is indistinguishable from zero (-0.04 ±1.2‰ 1σ), in keeping with the few previously published data and with studies that have tracked the evolution of leaf δ13C during decomposition. Across species, ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf spans over 9‰: this variability does not covary with growth habit (woody vs. herbaceous) or climate, but does contain a strong phylogenetic signal. In particular, more basal groups (lycopsids and some gymnosperms, basal ferns, and basal angiosperms) tend to have negative ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf values. This variability should be accounted for in studies that wish to estimate whole-leaf δ13C from cuticle δ13C.
Journal Article
Phase equilibria evidence for intermediate P/T metamorphism in the Nashoba Terrane and implications for Acadian tectonics in Ganderia
The bedrock exposed in the Nashoba terrane of east-central Massachusetts records a complex history of deformation and metamorphism associated with the collision of Avalonia with the Laurentian margin during the Devonian Acadian orogeny. Although the structural history of the terrane has been well studied, its pressure-temperature (P-T) history is less well constrained, and the mechanisms by which the upper amphibolite facies Nashoba terrane was juxtaposed between greenschist facies rocks to the southeast and northwest have not been established. Here, we apply phase equilibria modeling, geothermobarometry, and petrographic analysis to three garnet-bearing migmatitic rocks from the Nashoba terrane to determine their P-T histories and provide key metamorphic constraints relevant to Acadian orogenic processes. All three samples are from the Nashoba Formation, a unit within the Nashoba terrane consisting of volcaniclastic rocks likely deposited in an arc/back-arc setting near the trailing edge of the Ganderia terrane. Peak subsolidus conditions are determined via the integration of petrographic analysis and thermodynamic modeling. Peak anatectic conditions are constrained with garnet-biotite thermometry + GASP barometry, garnet intersecting rim isopleths, and thermodynamic modeling. Phase equilibria constraints suggest peak subsolidus conditions ranging from ∼550°C to 700°C and ∼6-12 kbar. Geothermobarometry, phase equilibria modeling, and garnet rim isopleths constrain biotite-out anatexis to ∼700°C-715°C and ∼5-8.5 kbar, up to ∼2-4 kbar deeper than previously suggested. This synthesis of phase equilibria modeling and petrographic analysis suggests that all three samples record a clockwise P-T path with peak pressures achieved before anatexis associated with the Acadian orogeny at ∼394 Ma. These results are inconsistent with a previously interpreted pre-Acadian period of low P/T metamorphism (<5 kbar peak pressures). Instead, this implies a previously unrecognized phase of intermediate P/T crustal thickening preceding anatexis, which we interpret as a result of Acadian orogenesis. We suggest that the Nashoba terrane exposes mid-crustal levels of the Acadian hinterland.
Journal Article
Remarkable Stasis in a Phloeocharine Rove Beetle from the Late Cretaceous of New Jersey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
The first definitive fossil species of the rove beetle (Staphylinidae) subfamily Phloeocharinae is described and figured from a single individual preserved in Late Cretaceous (Turonian) amber from New Jersey. The species is representative of the extant genus Phloeocharis Mannerheim and is described as Phloeocharis agerata Chatzimanolis, Newton, and Engel, new species. The specimen was imaged using traditional light microscopy as well as synchrotron propagation phase contrast microtomography, permitting a detailed examination of otherwise difficult to observe features. Examination revealed remarkable homogeneity across many characters with those of extant relatives, highlighting considerable morphological stasis in the genus over the last 90 million years.
Journal Article
Nutrition Knowledge, Gender, and Food Label Use
This paper empirically explores the relationship between nutrition knowledge, gender, and food label use. The econometric approach treats both nutrition knowledge and label use as endogenous variables when estimating the model for food label use. The results suggest that nutrition knowledge does not have an effect on label use, confirming the weak link hypothesis between knowledge and behavior. Gender effect is mainly due to differences in nutrition knowledge levels.
Journal Article
Refining temporal constraints on metamorphism in the Nashoba Terrane, southeastern New England, through monazite dating
Electron-microprobe dating of monazite grains within high-grade mylonitic rocks of the Nashoba terrane in eastern Massachusetts provides new temporal constraints on metamorphism in southeastern New England. In situ dating of monazite grains from three fault zones has allowed the timing of multistage events to be discerned. Three distinct metamorphic events were detected in the Nashoba terrane. The first metamorphic event (M1) occurred from 435 to 400 Ma, with an average age of 423 Ma. A second metamorphic event (M2) occurred at ca. 390 Ma and was associated with widespread migmatization. A third metamorphic event (M3) occurred during the ca. 378-371 Ma time interval and was possibly associated with the Neoacadian orogeny. Intermittent monazite growth during the 360-305 Ma interval suggests that the main phase of metamorphism in the shear zones was complete, but the highly deformed fault zones acted as a conduit for fluid migration, which was responsible for the production of young monazite grains. By at least 345 Ma, the Nashoba terrane had cooled below the stability of sillimanite.
Journal Article
MIDDLE CAMBRIAN OF AVALONIAN MASSACHUSETTS: STRATIGRAPHY AND CORRELATION OF THE BRAINTREE TRILOBITES
Although Middle Cambrian trilobites of the Braintree Member in eastern Massachusetts were among the first published on in North America, re-examination of this fauna has led to wholesale taxonomic and biostratigraphic re-evaluation. This low diversity fauna now includes at least seven species, with the first report of agnostoids (three poorly preserved taxa) and the ellipsocephalid Kingaspis avalonensis new species. Paradoxides (Acadoparadoxides) harlani Green emend., a senior synonym of P. (A.) haywardi Raymond, allows correlation into the lowest Middle Cambrian elsewhere in Avalon. However, all the polymeroid species are endemic, and this precludes a highly resolved correlation into other Cambrian paleocontinents. A breakdown of provincial barriers in the late Early Cambrian as western Gondwana passed from equatorial to the higher south latitudes of Avalon led to faunal exchanges between these continents. Paradoxides (Acadoparadoxides) and Kingaspis of the Braintree fauna are shared with western Gondwana, while Braintreella and “Agraulos” quadrangularis are closest to genera known from the Spanish, Moroccan, and Perunican (Bohemian) margins of Gondwana.
Journal Article
THE FIRST MESOZOIC STEPHANID WASP (HYMENOPTERA: STEPHANIDAE)
The Stephanid wasps are of great phylogenetic and biological significance among parasitic Hymenoptera, itself one of the major radiations of insects and of critical ecological and agricultural importance. Engel and Grimaldi discuss the features and traits of the first Mesozoic stephanid wasp.
Journal Article