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"Minorities France History."
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Postcolonial minorities in Britain and France : in the hyphen of the nation-state
This book compares the postcolonial populations of Britain and France, examining the ways in which they are redefining citizenship. Bearing in mind the different histories and political systems of each country, it considers questions of national identity, values, the place of religion, secularism and public spaces - all integral to determining what makes a country a true nation. Recent security threats have made the debate around minorities and assimilation all the more pressing, and this book delves deep into the issues of feminism, Islam and group identities. It will be of interest to students and scholars of race, religion and migration studies.
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The Jews and the nation
This book is the first systematic comparison of the civic integration of Jews in the United States and France--specifically, from the two countries' revolutions through the American republic and the Napoleonic era (1775-1815). Frederic Jaher develops a vehicle for a broader and uniquely rich analysis of French and American nation-building and political culture. He returns grand theory to historical scholarship by examining the Jewish encounter with state formation and Jewish acquisition of civic equality from the perspective of the \"paradigm of liberal inclusiveness\" as formulated by Alexis de Tocqueville and Louis Hartz.
eBook
Labeling People
While previous studies have contrasted the relative optimism of middle-class social scientists before 1848 with a later period of concern for national decline and racial degeneration, Staum demonstrates that the earlier learned societies were also fearful of turmoil at home and interested in adventure abroad. Both geographers and ethnologists created concepts of fundamental \"racial\" inequality that prefigured the imperialist \"associationist\" discourse of the Third Republic, believing that European tutelage would guide \"civilizable\" peoples, and providing an open invitation to dominate and exploit the \"uncivilizable.\"
eBook
Muslims and Jews in France
This book traces the global, national, and local origins of the conflict between Muslims and Jews in France, challenging the belief that rising anti-Semitism in France is rooted solely in the unfolding crisis in Israel and Palestine. Maud Mandel shows how the conflict in fact emerged from processes internal to French society itself even as it was shaped by affairs elsewhere, particularly in North Africa during the era of decolonization.
Mandel examines moments in which conflicts between Muslims and Jews became a matter of concern to French police, the media, and an array of self-appointed spokesmen from both communities: Israel's War of Independence in 1948, France's decolonization of North Africa, the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, the 1968 student riots, and François Mitterrand's experiments with multiculturalism in the 1980s. She takes an in-depth, on-the-ground look at interethnic relations in Marseille, which is home to the country's largest Muslim and Jewish populations outside of Paris. She reveals how Muslims and Jews in France have related to each other in diverse ways throughout this history--as former residents of French North Africa, as immigrants competing for limited resources, as employers and employees, as victims of racist aggression, as religious minorities in a secularizing state, and as French citizens.
InMuslims and Jews in France, Mandel traces the way these multiple, complex interactions have been overshadowed and obscured by a reductionist narrative of Muslim-Jewish polarization.
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Twilight of the Elites
A passionate account of how the gulf between France's metropolitan elites and its working classes are tearing the country apartChristophe Guilluy, a French geographer, makes the case that France has become an \"American society\"-one that is both increasingly multicultural and increasingly unequal. The divide between the global economy's winners and losers in today's France has replaced the old left-right split, leaving many on \"the periphery.\"As Guilluy shows, there is no unified French economy, and those cut off from the country's new economic citadels suffer disproportionately on both economic and social fronts. In Guilluy's analysis, the lip service paid to the idea of an \"open society\" has emerged in France as a smoke screen meant to hide the emergence of a closed society, walled off for the benefit of the upper classes. The ruling classes in France are reaching a dangerous stage, he argues; without the stability of a growing economy, the hope for those excluded from growth is extinguished, undermining the legitimacy of a multicultural nation.
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Only Muslim
The French state has long had a troubled relationship with its diverse Muslim populations. InOnly Muslim, Naomi Davidson traces this turbulence to the 1920s and 1930s, when North Africans first immigrated to French cities in significant numbers. Drawing on police reports, architectural blueprints, posters, propaganda films, and documentation from metropolitan and colonial officials as well as anticolonial nationalists, she reveals the ways in which French politicians and social scientists created a distinctly French vision of Islam that would inform public policy and political attitudes toward Muslims for the rest of the century-Islam français. French Muslims were cast into a permanent \"otherness\" that functioned in the same way as racial difference. This notion that one was only and forever Muslim was attributed to all immigrants from North Africa, though in time \"Muslim\" came to function as a synonym for Algerian, despite the diversity of the North and West African population.
Davidson grounds her narrative in the history of the Mosquée de Paris, which was inaugurated in 1926 and epitomized the concept of Islam français. Built in official gratitude to the tens of thousands of Muslim subjects of France who fought and were killed in World War I, the site also provided the state with a means to regulate Muslim life throughout the metropole beginning during the interwar period. Later chapters turn to the consequences of the state's essentialized view of Muslims in the Vichy years and during the Algerian War. Davidson concludes with current debates over plans to build a Muslim cultural institute in the middle of a Parisian immigrant neighborhood, showing how Islam remains today a marker of an unassimilable difference.
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Status, power, and identity in early modern France : the Rohan family, 1550-1715
In Status, Power, and Identity in Early Modern France, Jonathan Dewald explores European aristocratic society by looking closely at one of its most prominent families. The Rohan were rich, powerful, and respected, but Dewald shows that there were also weaknesses in their apparently secure position near the top of French society. Family finances were unstable, and competing interests among family members generated conflicts and scandals; political ambitions led to other troubles, partly because aristocrats like the Rohan intensely valued individual achievement, even if it came at the expense of the family's needs. Dewald argues that aristocratic power in the Old Regime reflected ongoing processes of negotiation and refashioning, in which both men and women played important roles. So did figures from outside the family—government officials, middle-class intellectuals and businesspeople, and many others. Dewald describes how the Old Regime's ruling class maintained its power and the obstacles it encountered in doing so.
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Suffering Scholars
As early as Aristotle's Problem XXX , intellectual
superiority has been linked to melancholy. The association between
sickness and genius continued to be a topic for discussion in the
work of early modern writers, most recognizably in Robert Burton's
The Anatomy of Melancholy . But it was not until the
eighteenth century that the phenomenon known as the \"suffering
scholar\" reached its apotheosis, a phenomenon illustrated by the
popularity of works such as Samuel-Auguste Tissot's De la santé
des gens de lettres , first published in 1768. Though hardly
limited to French-speaking Europe, the link between mental endeavor
and physical disorder was embraced with particular vigor there, as
was the tendency to imbue intellectuals with an aura of otherness
and detachment from the world. Intellectuals and artists were
portrayed as peculiarly susceptible to altered states of health as
well as psyche-the combination of mental intensity and somatic
frailty proved both the privileges and the perils of
knowledge-seeking and creative endeavor.
In Suffering Scholars , Anne C. Vila focuses on the
medical and literary dimensions of the cult of celebrity that
developed around great intellectuals during the French
Enlightenment. Beginning with Tissot's work, which launched a
subgenre of health advice aimed specifically at scholars, she
demonstrates how writers like Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau, and Mme
de Staël, responded to the \"suffering scholar\" syndrome and helped
to shape it. She traces the ways in which this syndrome influenced
the cultural perceptions of iconic personae such as the
philosophe , the solitary genius, and the learned lady. By
showing how crucial the so-called suffering scholar was to debates
about the mind-body relation as well as to sex and sensibility,
Vila sheds light on the consequences book-learning was thought to
have on both the individual body and the body politic, not only in
the eighteenth century but also into the decades following the
Revolution.
eBook
Jewish Youth and Identity in Postwar France
At the end of World War II, French Jews faced a devastating demographic reality: thousands of orphaned children, large numbers of single-parent households, and families in emotional and financial distress. Daniella Doron suggests that after years of occupation and collaboration, French Jews and non-Jews held contrary opinions about the future of the nation and the institution of the family. At the center of the disagreement was what was to become of the children. Doron traces emerging notions about the postwar family and its role in strengthening Jewish ethnicity and French republicanism in the shadow of Vichy and the Holocaust.
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