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Exploring teachers’ voices in curriculum spaces is critical. As enactors of the curriculum, teachers need to reflect and critique their teaching actions in order to recognize voices that summon their actions. The study employed the currere curriculum model to engage Eight (8) geography teachers purposively selected from four (4) high schools in Eswatini. The aim was to explore the teachers’ voices that shape their actions and identities. The qualitative approach under the pragmatic paradigm and the educational design research guided the study. To generate data, semi-structured interviews, reflective activities and focus group discussions were used. Guided/thematic data analysis was used. The findings revealed that two (2) giant voices dominate and drive teachers’ actions: professional and societal voices. These two voices are in constant tension, resulting to the loss of teacher’s personal voice and identity. In essence, the tension causes teachers’ voices to be silenced or absent in curriculum enactment spaces. It was discovered that it was possible to sort the tension between the two giant voices through applying currere reflective moments, that would develop a neutral voice, the personal voice of teachers, thus a theory of teachers’ voices developed. The study concluded that teachers should identify strengths of both societal and professional voices to relieve the tension between the two and embrace teachers’ personal voices which are critical for understanding natural identities and for effective curriculum enactment. Key Words: Teacher’s voices, professional voice, societal voice, personal voice, currere, teacher’s identity

We theorized and examined a Pygmalion perspective beyond those proposed in past studies in the relationship between transformational leadership and employee voice behavior. Specifically, we proposed that transformational leadership influences employee voice through leaders’ voice expectation and employees’ voice role perception (i.e., Pygmalion mechanism). We also theorized that personal identification with transformational leaders influences the extent to which employees internalize leaders’ external voice expectation as their own voice role perception. In a time-lagged field study, we found that leaders’ voice expectation and employees’ voice role perception (i.e., the Pygmalion process) mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and voice behavior. In addition, we found transformational leadership strengthens employees’ personal identification with the leader, which in turn, as a moderator, amplifies the proposed Pygmalion process. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

We develop a theoretical model of empowering leadership that integrates role-based views of followership and social information processing theory and adds a reciprocal component to research on empowering leadership. Our theoretical model proposes that employee task performance and the quality of the supervisor-employee relationship serve as cues that shape supervisor empowerment behaviors, which, in turn, serve as cues that influence employee voice through employee state promotion focus. Data from 223 supervisor-employee dyads supported our hypotheses and showed that supervisors engage in more empowerment behaviors with employees who perform well and with whom they have a good relationship. Supervisors’ empowerment behaviors elicit a state promotion focus in employees, which stimulates these employees to express their concerns, ideas, and opinions in order to improve the functioning of the employee, the team, or the organization.

Abstract Recent research on employee silence has grown rapidly, but findings remain quantitatively unsynthesized. This paper presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of antecedents and outcomes associated with employee silence derived from a proposed framework (k = 168 independent samples, N = 63,134 employees). The results demonstrated that employee silence was related to various leader-related factors, individual dispositions, and job perceptions and beliefs. Moreover, employee silence was also associated with essential well-being, job attitudes, and performance-related outcomes. Dominance analyses revealed that shared antecedents exerted differentiated roles in predicting silence and voice. Specifically, antecedents that align with behavioral activation systems (e.g., autonomy) accounted for a large proportion of the explained variance in voice, whereas antecedents that align with behavioral inhibition systems (e.g., psychological safety) accounted for a large proportion of the explained variance in silence. Subsequent analyses showed that associations with employee silence varied depending on distinguishable forms of employee silence. Finally, three forms of employee silence exhibited significant and incremental effects on job attitudes, task performance, and organizational citizenship behavior, with employee voice being considered simultaneously. These results also indirectly clued that employee voice and silence were distinct constructs. Beyond providing estimates of population correlations, the study implications and directions for future research are also discussed.

PurposeThis paper provides a systematization of the existing body of literature on both employee participation goals and the intervention formats in the context of organizational change. Furthermore, degrees of employee involvement that the intervention formats address are identified and related to the goals of employee participation. On this basis, determinants of employee involvement and participation in the context of digital transformation are unveiled.Design/methodology/approachBased on a systematic literature review the authors structure and relate employee participation goals and formats. Through a workshop with expert practitioners, the authors transfer and enhance these theoretical findings in the context of digital transformation. Experts rated the three most important goals and identified accompanying success factors, barriers and effects.FindingsThe results show that it is not necessarily the degree of involvement but a context-specific selection of measures, the quality of their implementation as well as the actual uptake of suggestions and activities developed by employees that contribute to employees accepting and participating in goal-directed transformations. Moreover, employees must have sufficient information and time for their participation in transformation processes.Originality/valueThis paper is based on a transformative approach, combining literature analysis to identify formats and goals of employee participation with experiential knowledge of digital transformation practitioners. In addition to relating intervention formats to goals pursued in organizational change processes, empirical and experiential perspectives are used to identify three very relevant goals and respective determinants in digital transformation processes.

Voice, or employees’ upward expression of challenging but constructive concerns or ideas on work-related issues, can play a critical role in improving organizational effectiveness. Despite its importance, evidence suggests that many managers are often hesitant to solicit voice from their employees. We develop and test a new theory that seeks to explain this puzzling reluctance. Voice is a distinctive behavior that involves escalation of opinions, ideas, or concerns by employees to their managers with the expectation that they would respond by making systemic changes in their teams. Hence, we argue that managers are likely to solicit voice more when they perceive requisite discretion and influence (personal control) to effect changes in their teams. Additionally, because voice-driven change can cause short-term disruptions and bring about benefits typically only over time, we propose that managers act on their personal control to solicit more voice when they also possess adequate long-term orientation. We find support for our arguments across four studies using experimental as well as correlational methods. We discuss the conceptual and practical implications of our findings.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of high performance work systems (HPWSs) on employee voice, employee innovation and organization performance in a service organization. The study examines the mediating roles of employee voice on HPWSs and organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was distributed to 600 professional staff and a total number of 360 respondents returned the survey. The hypotheses are tested through the use of the variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) technique.FindingsThese findings indicate that the HPWS has a significant impact on employee innovation and organization performance. The empirical evidence does not support the relationship between HPWS and employee voice and also employee voice does not mediate the relationship between HPWS and organization performance in a human resource (HR) service organization.Research limitations/implicationsEmployee voice does not empirically mediate the relationship between HPWS and organization performance; other factors can be further explored. Future research should employ other theories of strategic human resource management (SHRM) to further explore more factors that influence the HPWS on employee innovation, employee voice and organization performance.Practical implicationsThe organization should respond to employee voice through aforementioned rather than the use of traditional, strategic and operational methods or tools believed to be the best approach to employee issues.Originality/valueThis study builds a solid empirical investigation that contributes to the HPWS existing body of knowledge. It is also significant as it is one of the few studies that examine the link between HPWS and job outcomes, like employee voice, employee innovation and organizational performance, in an HR service organization and also employee voice as a mediator on HPWS and organizational performance.

We give an overview of the “German model” of industrial relations. We organize our review by focusing on the two pillars of the model: sectoral collective bargaining and firm-level codetermination. Relative to the United States, Germany outsources collective bargaining to the sectoral level, resulting in higher coverage and the avoidance of firm-level distributional conflict. Relative to other European countries, Germany makes it easy for employers to avoid coverage or use flexibility provisions to deviate downwards from collective agreements. The greater flexibility of the German system may reduce unemployment, but may also erode bargaining coverage and increase inequality. Meanwhile, firm-level codetermination through worker board representation and works councils creates cooperative dialogue between employers and workers. Board representation has few direct impacts owing to worker representatives’ minority vote share, but works councils, which hold a range of substantive powers, may be more impactful. Overall, the German model highlights tensions between efficiency-enhancing flexibility and equity-enhancing collective action.

In four studies, I examine the motives for employee silence. In Study 1, I examine open-ended survey responses to determine the nature and scope of silence motives. Study 2 develops measures of these motives and explores their factor structure. Study 3 refines the measures and provides confirmatory evidence of factor structure. Study 4 examines relationships between the new measures and related factors (employee voice, psychological safety, neuroticism, extraversion). Results indicate that six dimensions of silence motives (ineffectual, relational, defensive, diffident, disengaged, and deviant) emerged from the data, which can be reliably measured and provide incremental value for understanding and assessing employee silence.