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"Mites"
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Correction: Constitutive and Operational Variation of Learning in Foraging Predatory Mites
Proportion of time moving of thrips–naïve and–experienced Amblyseius swirskii females, originating from a pollen- or spider mite-reared line of the commercially mass-reared Koppert or the natural free-living Israel population, offered first larvae of thrips Frankliniella occidentalis as prey.Thrips-naïve predators were reared on either pollen or spider mites throughout juvenile development, whereas thrips-experienced predators were exposed to thrips during the larval and early protonymphal stage and received then either pollen or spider mites until reaching adulthood.
Journal Article
Red spider hero
Although Harry the red spider mite is \"smaller than the head of a pin,\" he imagines big adventures.
Book
Insects & mites injurious to crops in Middle Eastern countries
This second edition provides updated information on the comprehensive morphology, distribution, and biology of significant pest species of the orders Acarina, Thysanoptera, Orthopetera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera, respectively. Further emphasis is given to their monitoring methods, biological control, and cultural practices. Special attention to the subject of economic entomology makes this book indispensable for field entomologists. With the addition of 15 color plates, this is a convenient handbook for the identification and managemnt of more than 300 pests. It is an essential reference and a useful teaching tool, benefiting students of Middle Eastern agriculture and entomology.
Book
Poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) infestation: a broad impact parasitological disease that still remains a significant challenge for the egg-laying industry in Europe
The poultry red mite,
Dermanyssus gallinae
, has been described for decades as a threat to the egg production industry, posing serious animal health and welfare concerns, adversely affecting productivity, and impacting public health. Research activities dedicated to controlling this parasite have increased significantly. Their veterinary and human medical impact, more particularly their role as a disease vector, is better understood. Nevertheless, red mite infestation remains a serious concern, particularly in Europe, where the prevalence of red mites is expected to increase, as a result of recent hen husbandry legislation changes, increased acaricide resistance, climate warming, and the lack of a sustainable approach to control infestations. The main objective of the current work was to review the factors contributing to this growing threat and to discuss their recent development in Europe. We conclude that effective and sustainable treatment approach to control poultry red mite infestation is urgently required, included integrated pest management.
Journal Article
Molecular and Morphological Identification of Dermanyssoid Mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssoidea) Causatives of a Parasitic Outbreak on Captive Snakes
A parasitic outbreak caused by dermanyssoid mites in a herpetarium of the Metropolitan area of the Valley of Mexico is revealed. This outbreak was caused by Hemilaelaps triangulus (Ewing), but a second mite species, Ophionyssus natricis (Gervais), was found in low abundance. The parasitic load is analyzed, and the morphological and molecular diagnostic characters to identify each of the two species involved are given. A barcode analysis is presented, and two more molecular markers are presented and analyzed. Hemilaelaps triangulus is recorded for the first time in Mexico, and this is the first record of massive infestation on captive snakes caused by ixodorhynchid mites, and DNA sequences of ixodorhynchid mites are publicly available for the first time.
Journal Article
Efficacy of fluralaner solution administered to egg layer chickens through drinking water for control of northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum)
Background
The northern fowl mite (NFM),
Ornithonyssus sylviarum
, is one of the most important external parasites of commercial poultry in the USA. NFM feeds on blood, causing irritation and stress to infested birds and potentially reducing egg production in flocks with high levels of mite infestation. Fluralaner is a systemically active insecticide and acaricide. We report on two studies that evaluated the efficacy of fluralaner administered to layer chickens in medicated drinking water through two single doses of 0.5 mg fluralaner per kg chicken body weight at 7 days apart for control of NFM.
Methods
In two separate studies, white Leghorn chickens (
Gallus gallus domesticus
) were exposed to NFM so that they developed mite infestations. The first study was a dose confirmation study (
n
= 64 pullet birds per treatment group). The second study was a field efficacy study (
n
= 400 layer birds per treatment group). Once infested with NFM, birds were assigned to Medicated or Control treatment groups. In the Medicated group, a fluralaner solution was administered through medicated drinking water on study day 0 and again on day 7. The Control group received only unmedicated drinking water. NFM present in the vent region of birds were recorded prior to treatment (day −7 for dose confirmation and day −5 for field efficacy studies) and post-treatment on days 2, 8, 14, 19, and 28. In each study, product efficacy was determined by comparison of mite counts on Medicated and Control birds.
Results
The number of mites was significantly reduced on Medicated group birds relative to Control group birds by day 2. At day 2 post-treatment, 99% control efficacy (> 99% for geometric mean) was achieved in the dose confirmation study and > 96% (> 99% for geometric mean) control efficacy was achieved in the field efficacy trial. Control efficacy in both studies exceeded 99% from day 8 to day 28. There were no adverse health impacts observed in birds treated with fluralaner.
Conclusions
This study confirms the effectiveness of fluralaner for control of NFM when administered to chickens through drinking water as two single doses of 0.5 mg/kg chicken body weight at 7 days apart.
Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
Syringophilid mites parasitising the crows and the competitive exclusion principle
Quill mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) are one of the most species-rich groups of mite ectoparasites permanently associated with birds, characterised by high host specificity and strict microhabitat preferences. In this study, we examined 179 individuals representing 19 species of the genus
Corvus
(Passeriformes: Corvidae) to investigate the prevalence and host associations of syringophilid mites. Quill mites were detected in 31 hosts from 11 host species, with infestations restricted exclusively to the wing coverts and involving two species:
Syringophiloidus glandarii
and
Corvisyringophilus krummi
. These mites exhibited mutually exclusive host distributions, with the vast majority of corvid species infested by only one of the two mite species. The phylogenetic distribution of these mites across
Corvus
hosts, combined with their shared microhabitat and lack of co-occurrence, strongly supports historical interspecific competition and subsequent host specialisation, in accordance with the Competitive Exclusion Principle.
S. glandarii
appears to be the dominant lineage, infecting nine
Corvus
, while
C. krummi
was restricted to only three hosts. Only in
Corvus albicollis
were both mite species detected, though a limited sample size precludes definitive conclusions about stable co-occurrence. These findings highlight how ecological interactions, such as competition, can shape parasite distributions and drive specialisation, even among permanent and highly host-specific parasites. They provide insights into the factors governing host specificity and have implications for understanding ecological and evolutionary patterns in host-parasite systems.
Journal Article
Variation of functional diversity structure measured as combined species dominance, functional diversity, and functional redundancy in two taxa of ectoparasitic arthropods at two spatial scales: host-associated, ecological, and geographic effects
The functional diversity structure of a community can be represented as a combination of three additive components (species dominance D, functional redundancy R, and functional diversity Q) (DRQ approach in which different facets of functional differences between species are considered simultaneously). We applied this concept to assemblages of fleas and gamasid mites parasitic on small mammals at continental (across regions of the Palearctic) and regional (across sampling sites in Slovakia) scales and asked: What are the relative effects of host species, biome/habitat type, and geographic locality on the DRQ composition of a parasite assemblage? At the continental scale, regions were partitioned according to predominant biome or geographic position in a continental section. At the regional scale, sampling sites were partitioned according to habitat type or geographic locality. We tested for differences in the functional diversity structure (measured as the DRQ composition) of an ectoparasite assemblage (a) within a host species between biomes/habitat types or continental sections/localities and (b) between host species within a biome/habitat type or a continental section/locality. At both scales, the functional diversity structure of both flea and mite assemblages differed mainly between host species within a biome/habitat or geographic regions/locations, whereas differences in the DRQ composition between biomes/habitats or geographic regions/locations were only detected in a few host species. We compare our results with the results of earlier studies and conclude that the DRQ approach has an advantage over a single diversity metric and allows a better understanding of spatial variation in different facets of ectoparasite diversity.
Journal Article