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"Modernism (Literature) -- Brazil"
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Consuming Visions
In an original and ambitious exploration of the relationship between cinema and writing in early 20th-c. Brazil, Maite Conde shows how the broader global culture and consumer market opened up by film not only modernized literary production but also altered the very lives and everyday urban experiences of the population.
Consuming Visionsexplores the relationship between cinema and writing in early twentieth-century Brazil, focusing on how the new and foreign medium of film was consumed by a literary society in the throes of modernization. Maite Conde places this relationship in the specific context of turn-of-the-century Rio de Janeiro, which underwent a radical transformation to a modern global city, becoming a concrete symbol of the country's broader processes of change and modernization. Analyzing an array of literary texts, from journalistic essays and popular women's novels to anarchist treatises and vaudeville plays, the author shows how the writers' encounters with the cinema were consistent with the significant changes taking place in the city.
The arrival and initial development of the cinema in Brazil were part of the new urban landscape in which early Brazilian movies not only articulated the processes of the city's modernization but also enabled new urban spectators-women, immigrants, a new working class, and a recently liberated slave population-to see, believe in, and participate in its future. In the process, these early movies challenged the power of the written word and of Brazilian writers, threatening the hegemonic function of writing that had traditionally forged the contours of the nation's cultural life. An emerging market of consumers of the new cultural phenomena-popular theater, the department store, the factory, illustrated magazines-reflected changes that not only modernized literary production but also altered the very life and everyday urban experiences of the population.Consuming Visionsis an ambitious and engaging examination of the ways in which mass culture can become an agent of intellectual and aesthetic transformation.
eBook
Machado de Assis and the Marvelous in “The Devil’s Church,” “An Alexandrian Tale,” and “The Academies of Siam”
This article looks into the place of Machado de Assis in literature and his peculiar treatment of intertextual sources through a careful analysis of three short stories from the collection Histórias sem data. “The Devil’s Church,” “An Alexandrian Tale,” and “The Academies of Siam” are clearly set apart from the rest of the stories in that collection, and these stories help us reconsider the thematic and stylistic scope and depth of Machado de Assis’s fiction.
Journal Article
“The Nude Man’s City”: Flávio de Carvalho’s Anthropophagic Architecture as Cultural Criticism
Cannibalism is one of the most recognisable taboos of the West and a benchmark with which a supposedly civilised world has traditionally sought to differentiate itself from the radically “other” of the hinterlands. As such, cannibalism has made its way both into the vocabulary of the West’s pseudo-ethnographic self-reflection (e.g. Freud) and the imaginary of its literary culture (e.g. Grimm). A less-well-known strain in this narrative uses cannibalism as a critical postcolonial metaphor. In 1928, the Brazilian poet and agitator Oswald de Andrade published a short text entitled “Anthropophagic Manifesto.” The aim of the manifesto was to distance an emerging Brazilian modernism from the European ideals that the São Paulo bourgeoisie uncritically embraced, and to synthesise more avant-garde ideas with aspects from the cultures of the indigenous Amazonian peoples into a truly national cultural movement. This essay draws on various aspects of the anthropophagic movement and seeks to understand, whether (and how) it influenced Brazilian urban planning and architecture, and especially if it is detectable in the ways in which architects Lúcio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer designed and executed the legal and political institutions in Brasília, the country’s iconic federal capital. The ana-lysis, however, identifies a colonialist inclination in Costa and Niemeyer’s ideological debt to Le Corbusier. Instead, the radical potential of anthropophagic architecture is developed with reference to the less-known São Paulo architect and polymath Flávio de Carvalho whose aesthetic politics provide parallels with contemporary radical politics, as well. The essay suggests that such a notion of politics would be akin to a radical anti-instrumentalism that I have elsewhere, following Georges Bataille and Maurice Blanchot, called a “politics of the impossible.”
Journal Article
El fascismo tropical: literatura y Ação Integralista Brasileira
Este artículo se propone analizar la temática de las políticas culturales fascistas, en especial aquellas surgidas en torno a los intelectuales y a la literatura del movimiento Ação Integralista Brasileira. Para ello, llevaremos a cabo un análisis de las ideas del integralismo brasileño, que consideramos clave para comprender la extensión de la ideología fascista a otras partes del mundo. Por otro lado, el artículo pretende destacar el fascismo como experiencia política del modernismo y el papel de la literatura en el desarrollo del fascismo autóctono en Brasil.
Journal Article
AfroReggae: \Antropofagia\, Sublimation, and Intimate Revolt in the \Favela\
The documentary Favela Rising (2005) and its companion narrative, Culture is Our Weapon (2010), depict the AfroReggae cultural movement as a break with the past, a means of creating citizenship for Brazilian favelas. A leitmotif of the film is struggling to end the communities' \"paralysis\" caused by the domination of drug lords and corrupt, brutal police. Many residents and viewers feel that the favela lies outside the Brazilian nation. However, this essay shows that AfroReggae is part of a Brazilian artistic tradition that begins with Oswald de Andrade's \"Manifesto antropófago\" (1928). Andrade focuses on sublimation, translating emotions into art. But Andrade's ideas, while sometimes inspired by the favelas, did not reach most of their residents until later movements, such as Freire's pedagogy of the oppressed, Boal's theater of the oppressed, and Quilombhoje's Cadernos Negros. This history explains why AfroReggae stands out among today's literatura marginal, most of which is a continuation of the determinist Naturalist tradition. Andrade's essay and AfroReggae's performances predate and confirm Kelly Oliver's argument that the oppressed need a sublimation space to combat oppression. AfroReggae and the Brazilian tradition they represent have much to teach about how art can transform communities around world.
Journal Article
Regionalism and modernism in Brazil: dialogues between ancient scourges and modern localisms
A partir de certains ouvrages du romantisme, du régionalisme dit \"prémoderniste\" et su modernisme brésiliens, cette étude porte sur les forces en présence dans les débats intellectuesl entre la fin du XIXe et le début du XXe siècle. Elle vise à démontrer que des arguments avancés par les artistes mais aussi par la critique littéraire ont supprimé d'importants clivages pour comprendre les tensions issues des processus de modernisation en cours. Partant de là, ce travail, trop souvent ignoré, montre l'existence d'un art moderne avant l'apparition du modernisme au Brésil.//Investigating some works of Brazilian Romanticism, designated as \"pre-Modernist\" Regionalism and Modernism, this paper dwells upon the parties concerned by the intellectual debates from the turning of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th, aiming to prove how part of the arguments used either by artists or critics obliterated relevant gaps in order to understand the tensions which arose from the modernization processes in progress. We discuss, then, how Brazilian literature produced modern art before reaching Modernism, conscious that this fact is frequently ignored. Reprinted by permission of Presses Universitaires du Mirail
Journal Article
Tereza Albues and the role of the transculturator in postmodernism
On going through the points that affirm the presence of postmodernism as a contemporary event that finds in cultural studies its greatest representation, we present the short story \"Buque de linguas\"[A Bouquet of Tongues],by Tereza Albues, a Mato Grosso, Brazil writer who lived in New York and promoted the meeting of discussions about identity, difference, multiculturalism and transculturation in her text, marking the role of the transculturator in times of fracture, fragmentation and instability. Adapted from the source document.
Journal Article
The notion of Brazilian organizational culture
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Brazilian literature about national and organizational culture. Design/methodology/approach - A postmodern epistemological perspective is taken to discuss culture, focusing first on its contribution to the analysis of culture within organizations. Then the central ideas in the articles published in Brazilian periodicals and congresses, between 1991 and 2000, which talked about Brazilian organizational culture, are presented and an attempt is made to outline their fundamental characteristics. Findings - The majority of studies which deal with Brazilian culture, and which have been developed within the context of management, analyze the theme in a homogeneous manner and do not take into account the plurality and heterogeneity within the country and organizations. Originality/value - Postmodern approaches to discussion of culture seem to be important in dealing with cultural contexts (national and organizational) where nuances and variations cannot be ignored without serious political and social implications.
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