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Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are considered as the prospective anode materials in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, the disadvantages, including large volume variation and poor electrical conductivity, obstruct these materials to meet the needs of practical application. Well‐designed mesoporous nanostructures and electronic structure modulation can enhance the electron/Li‐ions diffusion kinetics. Herein, a unique mesoporous molybdenum dioxide/molybdenum phosphide heterostructure nanobelts (meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs) composed of uniform nanoparticles is obtained by one‐step phosphorization process. The Mott–Schottky tests and density functional theory calculations demonstrated that meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs possesses superior electronic conductivity. The detailed lithium storage mechanism (solid solution reaction for MoP and partial conversion for MoO2), small change ratio of crystal structure and fast electronic/ionic diffusion behavior of meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs are systematically investigated by operando X‐ray diffraction, ex situ transmission electron microscopy, and kinetic analysis. Benefiting from the synergistic effects, the meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs displays a remarkable cycling performance (515 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1) and excellent rate capability (291 mAh g−1 at 8 A g−1). These findings can shed light on the behavior of the electron/ion regulation in heterostructures and provide a potential route to develop high‐performance lithium‐ion storage materials. The mesoporous molybdenum dioxide/molybdenum phosphide heterostructure nanobelts (meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs) is composed of uniform nanoparticles, which offers continuous electron/ion transport pathways. The obvious charge transfer from MoO2 to MoP and stable crystal structure during the lithiation/delithiation process lead to an excellent rate capability and long‐term cycling performance (515 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1) for meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs.

Eliminating the nonselective permeation path inside the mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) is critical for fabrication of gas separation membranes. We demonstrate that by utilizing the phase separation of block copolymers, we are able to introduce metal-organic polyhedrons (MOPs) with precise pore sizes into a polymer matrix and form an ordered layered structure. We also prove that, by arranging MOP cages into a continuous nanosheet-like layer structure, we are able to generate repeated MOP-effective pathways and deplete the MOP-free permeation pathways, thus enhancing the gas-separation efficiency of MMMs.

Microporous membranes with rigid polymer chains have high gas permeability but can separate gas molecules of slightly different sizes. [Also see Report by Carta et al. ] Gas separation with membranes has been commercialized for more than 30 years, and includes processes such as the production of nitrogen (N 2 ) from air and the removal of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from natural gas. Commercial membranes have been largely derived from polymers with moderately rigid chains that pack closely to create small intermolecular spaces (or \"free volume\") that impart moderate to high gas selectivity. However, their relatively low gas permeability slows down the separation processes. Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) ( 1 – 3 ) offer higher permeability, but the polymer chains must be made sufficiently rigid to maintain good selectivity. On page 303 of this issue, Carta et al. ( 4 ) describe a soluble, highly rigid MOP, from which a highly permeable membrane with good selectivity was fabricated. For example, oxygen (O 2 ) and N 2 have only a 5% difference in kinetic diameters (which are related to the smallest effective dimensions of the gases), but the gas throughput of the smaller O 2 molecule is very much higher through their membrane.

Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) are technologically important for low-dielectric materials, gas separation and gas-storage applications. A class of amorphous MOPs prepared by cycloaddition modification is shown to exhibit outstanding CO 2 separation performance and super-permeable characteristics Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) are of potential significance for gas storage 1 , 2 , 3 , gas separation 4 and low-dielectric applications 5 . Among many approaches for obtaining such materials, solution-processable MOPs derived from rigid and contorted macromolecular structures are promising because of their excellent mass transport and mass exchange capability. Here we show a class of amorphous MOP, prepared by [2+3] cycloaddition modification of a polymer containing an aromatic nitrile group with an azide compound, showing super-permeable characteristics and outstanding CO 2 separation performance, even under polymer plasticization conditions such as CO 2 /light gas mixtures. This unprecedented result arises from the introduction of tetrazole groups into highly microporous polymeric frameworks, leading to more favourable CO 2 sorption with superior affinity in gas mixtures, and selective CO 2 transport by presorbed CO 2 molecules that limit access by other light gas molecules. This strategy provides a direction in the design of MOP membrane materials for economic CO 2 capture processes.

Microporous organic polymers (MOPs) are a new type of porous materials, which have advantages of synthetic diversity, chemical and physical stability, microporous size controllability, etc. MOPs indicate broad applications in various fields such as heterogeneous catalysis, gas adsorption, separation, and storage. In recent years, MOPs have attracted an enormous attention in greenhouse gas capture due to their great potential in physisorptive gas storage. Carbazole and its derivatives have been studied extensively as Metal-Organic Polyhedra (MOPs) building blocks due to their unique structural features and versatile functionalization possibilities. This paper systematically reviews the synthesis, characterization and application of carbazole-based polymers, and relationship of structures and properties of these polymers. The application of the polymers in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture field is analysed taking advantage of their adjustable microporous structure and electron rich properties. This review also provides novel insights regarding functional polymer materials that have high ability of greenhouse gas capture and absorbing selectivity will be obtained by reasonable molecular design and efficient synthesis.

Potato mop‐top virus (PMTV) is the causal agent of potato tuber spraing disease, which causes significant economic losses to potato production worldwide. The 3′‐proximal end of PMTV genomic RNA3 encodes an 8 kDa cysteine‐rich protein (8K) that is not essential for replication and movement but contributes to virus infection and symptom development. Here, we demonstrate that PMTV 8K forms endomembrane multimers, alters the membrane permeability of Escherichia coli, and possesses potassium and proton conductance activity. In addition, our data reveal that two conserved cysteine residues in the central hydrophobic α‐helix are essential for the viroporin activity. These results not only deepen our understanding of the function of PMTV 8K but also provide new insights into the diversity and origin of plant viral viroporins. The cysteine‐rich 8K protein of PMTV exhibits a viroporin activity that forms multimers on endomembrane, alters membrane permeability, and conducts potassium and protons.

Previously identified only in Sierra Leone, Guinea, and southeastern Kenya, Bombali virus-infected Mops condylurus bats were recently found »750 km away in western Kenya. This finding supports the role of M. condylurus bats as hosts and the potential for Bombali virus circulation across the bats' range in sub-Saharan Africa.

We detected Bombali ebolavirus RNA in 3 free-tailed bats (Mops condylurus, Molossidae) in Mozambique. Sequencing of the large protein gene revealed 98% identity with viruses previously detected in Sierra Leone, Kenya, and Guinea. Our findings further support the suspected role of Mops condylurus bats in maintaining Bombali ebolavirus.

Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) are widely utilized for addressing multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs), demonstrating effectiveness in handling low-dimensional and regular Pareto fronts (PFs) MOPs. However, when the number of objectives increases (>3) and the PFs become increasingly intricate, maintaining both the convergence and diversity of solutions presents a significant challenge. To address this, an adaptive weight vector adjustment and parameter selection based on Q-learning (QLMOEA/D-AWA) is proposed. In the algorithm, Q-learning is employed to select both the Tchebycheff value and the number of weight vectors, aiming to balance convergence and diversity. To enhance the convergence, an improved Tchebycheff approach is proposed. To better solve problems in high-dimensional objective spaces, the niche technique is adopted to retain elite individuals. In addition, to address MOPs with irregular PFs, a two-stage weight vector deletion strategy is proposed to remove invalid weight vectors, and a certain number of weight vectors are added based on sparsity rules. An experiment study of objective numbers ranging from 2 to 10 is conducted on DTLZ, WFG, MaF and multi-objective traveling salesman problem (MOTSP). Among 115 benchmark problems, QLMOEA/D-AWA achieves 54 and 49 best results in IGD and HV, respectively.