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Bisphenol A (BPA) is an xenoestrogenic chemical used extensively in the fabrication of baby bottles, reusable plastic water bottles and polycarbonate plastic containers. The current study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of Moringa oleifera Lam leaf extract (MOLE) and hydrogel NPs made of starch-MOLE-Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) against Bisphenol A-induced liver toxicity in male rats. Fabrication and characterization of hydrogel NPs formed of starch-MOLE-BSA were investigated using FTIR, TEM, zeta potential, UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The potential efficacy of hydrogel NPs was studied. Compared to the results of control, the level of liver function, oxidative stress markers and lipid profile status were remodulated in the groups treated with MOLE and hydrogel NPs (Encap. MOLE). Meanwhile, the administration of MOLE and Encap MOLE significantly increased antioxidant activity and decreased the level of apoptotic pathways. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and growth arrest -DNA damage-inducible gene 45b (Gadd45b) were also regulated in the groups treated with MOLE and Encap. MOLE compared to the group which received BPA alone. In the present study, MOLE and hydrogel NPs led to remarkable alterations in histological changes during BPA administration. Overall, MOLE has a potential antioxidant activity which can be used in the treatment of liver disorders.

Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are known to have a rich nutritional content, including vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds such as phytochemicals and antioxidants. The purpose of this article review is to obtain a database related to the compounds contained in moringa leaf extract, primarily oxytocin and prolactin, for medicinal use. This research is a Literature review. The search strategy begins by entering keywords: Moringa Leaf Extract, Prolactin, Oxytocin.”. This research was taken from 2016-2024 through the PubMed, Perish, and Google Scholar Database applications. Moringa leaf extract has high antioxidant compounds, amino acid, and mineral composition that can act as precursors in the production of estrogen hormones, which work by triggering the release of oxytocin and prolactin hormones, thus it can be used in the treatment of several diseases.

Nuggets are a popular snack food typically made from meat or fish and are quite popular due to their practicality and easy acceptance by consumers. Unfortunately, the nutritional content of nuggets on the market is still unbalanced, necessitating innovation. Anchovies are a readily available source of protein, iron, and calcium at an affordable price. Moringa leaves have long been recognized as a healthy food ingredient. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding moringa leaf flour on the chemical and sensory characteristics of anchovy nuggets. This study used a completely randomized design with three replications. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and further tested using the Tukey test at the 5% level. The chemical characteristics observed included moisture, ash, protein, iron, and calcium content. Meanwhile, sensory characteristics were assessed using a consumer acceptance test. The results showed that the addition of moringa leaf flour significantly affected moisture, ash, protein, iron, and calcium content, as well as consumer acceptance (color, aroma, texture, and taste). The results showed that the addition of moringa leaf flour generally increased the nutritional value of the nugget product, particularly in terms of protein, minerals, and calcium. However, consumer preference decreased with increasing amounts of moringa leaf flour. In this study, the preference for anchovy nuggets also fell below the median. The addition of moringa leaf flour affected the chemical and sensory characteristics of anchovy nuggets.

This study investigated the impact of feeding 17% moringa leaf meal (MLM) on the ruminal and fecal microbial composition and body weight gain (BWG) performance of lambs ( Ovis aries ) and kids ( Capra hircus ). A total of n  = 28 lambs ( n  = 14, no-moringa, n  = 14, 17% moringa) and 24 kids ( n  = 12, no-moringa, n  = 12, 17% moringa) were involved in the experiment and body weight was recorded fortnightly. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing was performed on 28, 22, and 26 ruminal solid, liquid fraction, and fecal samples from lambs, and 23, 22, and 23 samples from kids. Moringa supplementation significantly increased BWG in lambs (21.09 ± 0.78 to 26.12 ± 0.81 kg) and kids (14.60 ± 1.29 to 18.28 ± 1.09 kg) ( p -value ≤ 0.01). Microbiome analysis revealed an elevated Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio in the moringa diet group. Moringa-fed animals exhibited increased microbial genera associated with volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production ( Prevotella, Anaerovibrio, Lachnospiraceae, Butyrivibrio, Christensenella ) and starch and fiber digesters ( Proteobacteria, Ruminococcus ). The increase in the bacterial genus Sharpea suggested possible methane reduction and decreased proportion of pathogens, Aliarcobacter _ ID28198 , Campylobacter _ ID194 and Campylobacter _ ID1660076 suggest health benefits. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated significant alterations in microbial gene pool and metabolic pathways related to carbohydrate, protein, lipid and energy metabolism, indicating potential improvements in animal health. Overall, moringa feeding showed higher energy recovery, improved growth, and potential benefits in methane reduction and reduced pathogenic bacteria. Key points • Study assessed the effects of Moringa olifera diet on lambs and kids. • Improved growth performance noted with moringa diet. • Moringa feed increased Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio in rumen.

Global food security is being severely affected by the rapid increase in population and drastic climate change. Drought stress is the most important limiting factor for the sustainable production of several important crops, including wheat. The gradual temperature rise and reduced precipitations are likely to cause the frequent onset of droughts around the world. Therefore, alleviation of drought stress in crop plants has become an essential requirement to meet the increasing food demand. The present study explored the role of foliar application of Moringa leaf extract (MLE) in conferring drought tolerance in wheat during the anthesis stage. A wheat genotype of Indo-Gangetic Plains (HI1544) was exposed to drought stress during the anthesis of the spikes and simultaneously foliar sprayed with MLE for 10 days. The results showed the MLE treatment to improve the concentrations of macro- (K, Ca) and micronutrients (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Si) in flag-leaves of wheat under non-stressed conditions. Application of MLE also maintained the flag-leaf nutritional contents under drought stress. The micro-nutrients, including Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn being the co-factors of the enzymes also stimulated the antioxidant enzyme activities; eventually leading to a significant reduction in the reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulations under drought stress. Furthermore, micronutrients played a crucial role in osmotic adjustment and sustainable plant growth under drought stress. Overall, the study provided insights into the functional role of micronutrients in improving drought tolerance and also indicated the potential to commercialize MLE as an effective bio-stimulant for sustainable agriculture in drought-prone regions.

Magnetic seed enhancement has been practicing as a promising tool to improve germination and seedling growth of low vigor seeds stored under suboptimal conditions, but there is still ambiguity regarding the prospects for magnetism in oilseeds. Present study elucidates the potential of magnetic seed stimulation to improve sunflower germination, growth and yield. Germination and emergence tests were performed to optimize the strength of the magnetic field to sunflower seed enhancement. The seeds were directly exposed to magnetic field strengths of 50, 100 and 150 millitesla (mT) for 5, 10 and 15 min (min) and then standard germination tests were performed. Secondly, the emergence potential of untreated seeds was compared with seed exposed to hydropriming, priming with 3% moringa leaf extract (MLE), priming with magnetically treated water (MTW) for 10 min and priming with 3% MLE solution prepared in magnetically treated water (MTW + MLE). Germination, emergence, seedling growth and seed biochemical properties were used to select the best treatment for field evaluation. The results of the study revealed that magnetic seed treatment with 100 mT for 10 min and seed priming with 3% MLE solution in magnetically treated water (MTW + MLE) significantly improved emergence, crop growth rate and sunflower yield.

The extensive use of synthetic chemical fertilizers is associated with environmental pollution and soil degradation. In addition, the high costs of these fertilizers necessitate the search for alternative, eco-friendly and safe natural sources of phytonutrients. The liquid extracted from moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves has been used in agriculture to improve the growth and productivity of several crops. The efficacy of moringa leaf extract (MLE) is attributed to its high content of mineral nutrients, protein, vitamins, sugars, fiber, phenolics and free proline. In addition, MLE contains significant amounts of phytohormones, such as auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins. Furthermore, MLE is a valuable product promoting seed germination, plant growth and deeper root development, delaying fruit senescence and increasing the yield and quality of crops grown under normal or stressful conditions. Here, we review the research on MLE as a biostimulant to enhance crop growth and productivity. Moreover, we emphasize its possible introduction to smallholder farming systems to provide phytonutrients, and we further highlight research gaps in the existing knowledge regarding MLE application. Generally, MLE is an inexpensive, sustainable, eco-friendly and natural biostimulant that can be used to improve the growth and productivity attributes of various crops under non-stressful and stressful conditions.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder addition on physical, sensorial, and antioxidant properties of gluten-free bread. Moringa leaf powder (MLP) was incorporated at different levels (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10% in basic replacement) in gluten-free bread. The results revealed that addition more than 2.5% decreased the specific volume of bread. The hardness and chewiness of bread slightly decreased with 2.5 and 10% MLP addition, whereas springiness was not affected by MLP. For sensory evaluation, the most acceptable gluten-free bread was obtained for control bread and bread with 2.5% MLP. The lightness of crumb and crust decreased with increasing of MLP from 63.37 to 27.59 and from 52.40 to 33.49, respectively. The total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of extracts increased with the addition of MLP. The addition of MLP already for 2.5% resulted in large increase in the content of TPC (from 0.88 to 2.12 GAE/g dw). The high activity for DPPH scavenging was found for 7.5% and for 10% of MLP addition. For ABTS scavenging capacity, the high activity was for 5.0, 7.5, and 10%. Regarding RED and OH scavenging capacity, gluten-free breads with MLP from 2.5 to 10% presented significantly higher activity (RED from 32.92 to 21.56 and OH scavenging from 54.38 to 47.31 EC50 mg dw comparing to control bread (40.02; 90.81 EC50 mg dw/ml, respectively). Taking into account both the sensory evaluation and antioxidant activity, the addition of MFP should not exceed 5%.