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Subprime cities
\"Subprime Cities: The Political Economy of Mortgage Markets presents a collection of works from social scientists that offer important insights into what is happening in today's mortgage market including the causes, effects, and aftermath of the 'subprime' mortgage crisis\"--
eBook
The Rescue of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
The imposition of federal conservatorships on September 6, 2008, at the Federal National Mortgage Association and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation—commonly known as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac—was one of the most dramatic events of the financial crisis. These two government-sponsored enterprises play a central role in the US housing finance system, and at the start of their conservatorships held or guaranteed about $5.2 trillion of home mortgage debt. The two firms were often cited as shining examples of public-private partnerships—that is, the harnessing of private capital to advance the social goal of expanding homeownership. But in reality, the hybrid structures of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were destined to fail at some point, owing to their singular exposure to residential real estate and moral hazard incentives emanating from the implicit guarantee of their liabilities. We describe the financial distress experienced by the two firms, the events that led the federal government to take dramatic action in an effort to stabilize housing and financial markets, and the various resolution options available to US policymakers at the time; and we evaluate the success of the choice of conservatorship in terms of its effects on financial markets and financial stability, on mortgage supply, and on the financial position of the two firms themselves. Conservatorship achieved its key short-run goals of stabilizing mortgage markets and promoting financial stability during a period of extreme stress. However, conservatorship was intended to be a temporary fix, not a long-term solution, and more than six years later, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac still remain in conservatorship.
Journal Article
Place, exclusion, and mortgage markets
\"Just as in society, the mortgage market may exclude people on the basis of place, as well as race. Place-based exclusion in the mortgage market often takes the form of \"redlining,\" a tacit agreement among lending institutions to delineate sections of cities into areas where no home mortgages are to be issued. Place, Exclusion and Mortgage Markets presents an in depth examination of the practice of redlining and the broader implications of contemporary urban exclusion processes. Through a careful balance of comparative research and literature reviews, author Manuel B. Aalbers reveals how redlining, which is most visible at the urban level, is also constituted at the interaction of several spatial scales: neighborhood, urban, regional, national, and global. By utilizing several research strategies and presenting documented evidence from various urban sectors in the United States, Italy, and the Netherlands, this book offers fresh insights and much needed analytical clarity to shape our understanding of redlining and other urban exclusion processes\"--
eBook
Well worth saving : how the New Deal safeguarded home ownership
\"Well Worth Saving tells the story of the disastrous housing market during the Great Depression and the extent to which an immensely popular New Deal relief program, the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC), was able to stem foreclosures by buying distressed mortgages from lenders and refinancing them. Drawing on historical records and modern statistical tools, Price Fishback, Jonathan Rose, and Kenneth Snowden investigate important unanswered questions to provide an unparalleled view of the mortgage loan industry throughout the 1920s and early '30s. Combining this with the stories of those involved, the book offers a clear understanding of the HOLC within the context of the housing market in which it operated, including an examination of how the incentives and behaviors at play throughout the crisis influenced the effectiveness of policy.\" -- Publisher's description.
Book
Preventing the next mortgage crisis
Dan Immergluck examines the causes and consequences of the great U.S. mortgage crisis, identifying the factors that created the fragile housing finance system, which provided fertile ground for calamity, and providing a pathway forward into a more stable housing system.
eBook
Securitization and the Declining Impact of Bank Finance on Loan Supply: Evidence from Mortgage Originations
Low-cost deposits and increased balance sheet liquidity raise banks' supply of illiquid loans more than loans easily sold or securitized. We exploit the inability of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to purchase jumbo mortgages to identify an exogenous change in liquidity. The volume of jumbo mortgage originations relative to nonjumbo originations increases with bank holdings of liquid assets and decreases with bank deposit costs. This result suggests that the increasing depth of the mortgage secondary market fostered by securitization has reduced the effect of lender's financial condition on credit supply.
Journal Article